J/ApJ/893/L27ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/893/L27doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18939027CDSVanderburg A.Rowden P.Bryson S.Coughlin J.Batalha N.Collins K.A.,Latham D.W.Mullally S.E.Colon K.D.Henze C.Huang C.X.Quinn S.N.2022-05-18T13:41:12Z2021-10-12T17:10:08ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frexoplanetsmultiple-starsphotometryvisible-astronomyWe report the discovery of an Earth-sized planet in the habitable zone of a low-mass star called Kepler-1649. The planet, Kepler-1649c, is 1.06_-0.10_^+0.15^ times the size of Earth and transits its 0.1977+/-0.0051M_{sun}_ "mid" M-dwarf host star every 19.5d. It receives 74%+/-3% the incident flux of Earth, giving it an equilibrium temperature of 234+/-20K and placing it firmly inside the circumstellar habitable zone. Kepler-1649 also hosts a previously known inner planet that orbits every 8.7d and is roughly equivalent to Venus in size and incident flux. Kepler-1649c was originally classified as a false positive (FP) by the Kepler pipeline, but was rescued as part of a systematic visual inspection of all automatically dispositioned Kepler FPs. This discovery highlights the value of human inspection of planet candidates even as automated techniques improve, and hints that terrestrial planets around mid to late M-dwarfs may be more common than those around more massive stars.2020ApJ...893L..27Vhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/893/L27CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicerelated-toB/vsx : AAVSO International Variable Star Index VSX (Watson+, 2006-2014)I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)J/A+A/529/A75 : Limb-darkening coefficients (Claret+, 2011)J/PASP/124/1279 : Q3 Kepler's combined photometry (Christiansen+, 2012)J/ApJ/767/95 : Improved parameters of smallest KIC stars (Dressing+, 2013)J/ApJS/210/19 : Kepler planetary candidates. IV. 22 months (Burke+, 2014)J/ApJ/790/146 : Planets in Kepler's multi systems (Fabrycky+, 2014)J/ApJ/784/45 : Kepler's multiple planet candidates. III. (Rowe+, 2014)J/ApJ/801/3 : Rotation periods for Q3-Q14 KOIs (Mazeh+, 2015)J/ApJ/809/8 : Terrestrial planet occurrence rates for KOIs (Burke+, 2015)J/ApJ/807/45 : Habitable planets around M dwarfs (Dressing+, 2015)J/ApJ/804/64 : Empirical and model parameters of 183 M dwarfs (Mann+, 2015)J/ApJ/812/46 : Transit metric for Q1-Q17 Kepler candidates (Thompson+, 2015)J/ApJ/814/91 : Comparative habitability of exoplanets (Barnes+, 2015)J/ApJ/814/130 : Planet occurrence rates calculated for KOIs (Mulders+, 2015)J/ApJS/224/12 : Kepler planetary candidates. VII. 48-month (Coughlin+, 2016)J/ApJ/822/86 : False positive prob. for Q1-Q17 DR24 KOIs (Morton+, 2016)J/AJ/152/158 : Final Kepler transiting planet search (DR25) (Twicken+, 2016)J/ApJS/222/14 : Planetary cand. from 1st yr K2 mission (Vanderburg+, 2016)J/AJ/153/71 : Kepler follow-up obs. program. I. Imaging (Furlan+, 2017)J/ApJS/229/30 : Revised properties of Q1-17 Kepler targets (Mathur+, 2017)J/ApJ/861/149 : Kepler Follow-up Observation Program. II. Sp. (Furlan+, 2018)J/ApJ/866/99 : Radii of KIC stars & planets using Gaia DR2 (Berger+, 2018)J/AJ/155/265 : Solar neighborhood. XLIV. RECONS discoveries (Henry+, 2018)J/ApJS/235/38 : Kepler cand. VIII. DR25 reliability (Thompson+, 2018)J/AJ/157/143 : Kepler GK dwarf planet candidate samples (Burke+, 2019)J/AJ/157/171 : Visual analysis and demographics of Kepler TTVs (Kane+, 2019)J/AJ/158/75 : Mid-type M dwarfs planets (Hardegree-Ullman+, 2019)J/ApJ/871/63 : How to constrain your M dwarf. II. Nearby bin. (Mann+, 2019)J/AJ/158/25 : Automated triage and vetting of TESS candidates (Yu+, 2019)J/A+A/627/A49 : Teegarden's Star RV and H{alpha} curves (Zechmeister+, 2019)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/893/L27https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/893/L27http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/893/L27https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/893/L27https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/893/L27http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/893/L27GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/893/L27/fig1Re-processed Kepler light of Kepler-1649recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintBJDBarycentric Julian Date of observation; BJD-2454833dtime.epochdoubleindexedFlux[0.9649/1.0456] Relative brightnessphot.flux;arith.ratiodoublee_Flux[0.0007/0.0013] Uncertainty in Fluxstat.error;phot.fluxdoubleSpline[0/1.043] Flattening splinestat.fit.paramdouble