J/ApJ/893/4ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/893/4doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18930004CDSScognamiglio D.Tortora C.Spavone M.Spiniello C.Napolitano N.R.,D'Ago G.La Barbera F.Getman F.Roy N.Raj M.A.Radovich M.,Brescia M.Cavuoti S.Koopmans L.V.E.Kuijken K.H.Longo G.,Petrillo C.E.2023-01-09T11:46:07Z2021-10-13T08:21:27ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgalaxiesspectroscopyinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomybroad-band-photometryredshiftedgalaxy-kinematicsgalaxy-classification-systemssurveysUltracompact massive galaxies (UCMGs), i.e., galaxies with stellar masses M_*_>8x10^10^M_{sun}_ and effective radii R_e_<1.5kpc, are very rare systems, in particular at low and intermediate redshifts. Their origin as well as their number density across cosmic time are still under scrutiny, especially because of the paucity of spectroscopically confirmed samples. We have started a systematic census of UCMG candidates within the ESO Kilo Degree Survey, together with a large spectroscopic follow-up campaign to build the largest possible sample of confirmed UCMGs. This is the third paper of the series and the second based on the spectroscopic follow-up program. Here, we present photometrical and structural parameters of 33 new candidates at redshifts 0.15<~z<~0.5 and confirm 19 of them as UCMGs, based on their nominal spectroscopically inferred M_*_ and R_e_. This corresponds to a success rate of ~58% , nicely consistent with our previous findings. The addition of these 19 newly confirmed objects allows us to fully assess the systematics on the system selection-and to finally reduce the number density uncertainties. Moreover, putting together the results from our current and past observational campaigns and some literature data, we build the largest sample of ucmgs ever collected, comprising 92 spectroscopically confirmed objects at 0.1<~z<~0.5. This number raises to 116, allowing for a 3{sigma} tolerance on the M_*_ and R_e_ thresholds for the ucmg definition. For all these galaxies, we have estimated the velocity dispersion values at the effective radii, which have been used to derive a preliminary mass-velocity dispersion correlation.2020ApJ...893....4Shttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/893/4CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/eso : ESO Science Archive Catalog (ESO, 1991-2021)II/347 : KiDS-ESO-DR3 multi-band source catalog (de Jong+, 2017)V/139 : The SDSS Photometric Catalog, Release 9 (Adelman-McCarthy+, 2012)J/ApJ/720/723 : Compact galaxies in the local universe (Taylor+, 2010)J/MNRAS/404/1639 : MILES base models & new line index system (Vazdekis+, 2010)J/ApJ/739/L44 : Structural data for gal. between 0.2<z<2.7 (Damjanov+, 2011)J/MNRAS/413/971 : Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) DR1 (Driver+, 2011)J/ApJ/762/77 : PM2GC mass-limited sample surface phot. (Poggianti+, 2013)J/ApJ/793/39 : Sp. properties of BOSS compact galaxies (Damjanov+, 2014)J/MNRAS/452/2087 : Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): DR2 (Liske+, 2015)J/A+A/578/A134 : Compact early-type galaxies in SDSS (Saulder+, 2015)J/ApJS/218/10 : HET Massive Galaxy Survey (HETMGS) (van den Bosch+, 2015)J/A+A/632/A34 : KiDS+VIKING-450 opt+NIR dataset (Wright+, 2019)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/893/4https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/893/4http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/893/4https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/893/4https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/893/4http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/893/4GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/893/4/ucmgs (Integrated photometry (Table 1), structural parameters (Table 2), results of the fitting procedure (Table 3) and photometric and spectroscopic validation (Table 5) of the new Ultracompact massive galaxy (UCMG) candidates)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/893/4/ucmgs?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/893/4/ucmgs?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/893/4/ucmgs?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true134.2512083-1.14570830.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/893/4/t18sam (Results of the fitting procedure on the spectra (Table 4) and photometric and spectroscopic validation (Table 6) for samples ucmg_tng_t18 and ucmg_ntt_t18)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/893/4/t18sam?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/893/4/t18sam?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/893/4/t18sam?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true139.6446251.37947780.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/893/4/syst (Integrated photometry for the 55 systems (Table A1) and Structural parameters derived running 2Dphot on g-, r-, and i-bands (Table A2) for the ucmg_spec sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/893/4/syst?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/893/4/syst?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/893/4/syst?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true44.9285-31.99270560.0055555555555555566/4102 4107 8194 8201 8203 16435 16440 16442 16517 16520 16522 16530 21842 21847-21848 21851 21854 21872 21876 25911 25917 25930 25932-25934 25936 25938 25941 25943 25956-25958 25960-25961 25965 25967-25968 25970 26004-26005 26013-26014 26037 26048-26049 26052 26057 26247 26249 26253 26272 26274 26286-26287 26297-26298 26960 26964-26965 26971 26976 26994 27031 27052 27072-27073 27223 27275 27290 27304 27311 27314 27321 27649 27660 27680 31336 31339 31380 31384 31386 31402 35326 35900-35901 35910 35914 35916 35930 35941 35943 35981 36000 36002 40958 45043 45054 46573 46578 46585 46916 46950 46989-46990 47012https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/893/4?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/893/4/ucmgsIntegrated photometry (Table 1), structural parameters (Table 2), results of the fitting procedure (Table 3) and photometric and spectroscopic validation (Table 5) of the new Ultracompact massive galaxy (UCMG) candidatesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintDateDate of observation (UT)time.epochnullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharRadr[0.06/0.4] r-band circularized effective radius, {theta}_e_arcsecphys.angSizefloatReffp[0.35/1.5] Median effective radius, photometrickpcphys.size.radius;stat.medianfloatInstInstrument (1)meta.id;instrcharSeq[1/33] Running sequence numbermeta.idintKIDSName (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.ss)meta.id;meta.maincharrmagA[18.56/19.96] r-band KiDS MAG_AUTOphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatumag[20.4/24.6] KiDS 6" aperture u-band magnitude (G1)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ufloate_umag[0.02/1.76] Uncertainty on the umagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatgmag[19.9/21.5] KiDS 6" aperture g-band magnitude (G1)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloate_gmag[0.006/0.2] Uncertainty on the gmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatrmag[18.58/20] KiDS 6" aperture r-band magnitude (G1)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloate_rmag[0.002/0.04] Uncertainty on the rmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatimag[18.1/19.5] KiDS 6" aperture i-band magnitude (G1)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_imag[0.005/0.08] Uncertainty on the imagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatzphot[0.22/0.45] Photometric redshift from machine learningsrc.redshiftfloatRadg[0.06/0.7] g-band circularized effective radius, {theta}_e_arcsecphys.angSizefloatReffg[0.3/3.1] g-band circularized effective radiuskpcphys.size.radiusfloatng[1.5/10.1] g-band Sersic indexstat.fit.paramfloatqg[0.1/0.99] g-band axis ratiophys.size.axisRatiofloatChi2g[0.99/1.1] {chi}^2^ of the surface photometry fit in g-bandstat.weight;stat.fit.param;meta.modelledfloatChir2g[0.9/1.4] {chi}^2^ of the surface photometry fit including only central pixels in g-bandmeta.notefloatSNRg[36/161] signal-to-noise ratio S/N of the photometric g-band images (G2)meta.noteintReffr[0.35/1.55] r-band circularized effective radiuskpcphys.size.radiusfloatnr[2.15/9.54] r-band Sersic indexstat.fit.paramfloatqr[0.2/0.9] r-band axis ratiophys.size.axisRatiofloatChi2r[0.98/1.15] {chi}^2^ of the surface photometry fit in r-bandstat.fit.residual;stat.fit.param;meta.modelledfloatChir2r[0.9/2.8] {chi}^2^ of the surface photometry fit including only central pixels in r-bandmeta.notefloatSNRr[36/421] signal-to-noise ratio S/N of the photometric r-band images (G2)meta.noteintRadi[0.1/0.7] i-band circularized effective radius, {theta}_e_arcsecphys.angSizefloatReffi[0.45/2.6] i-band circularized effective radiuskpcphys.size.radiusfloatni[2.1/9.16] i-band Sersic indexstat.fit.paramfloatqi[0.04/0.87] i-band axis ratiophys.size.axisRatiofloatChi2i[0.97/1.1] {chi}^2^ of the surface photometry fit in i-bandstat.fit.param;meta.modelledfloatChir2i[0.87/1.1] {chi}^2^ of the surface photometry fit including only central pixels in i-bandmeta.notefloatSNRi[62/244] signal-to-noise ratio S/N of the photometric i-band images (G2)meta.noteintzspec[0.15/0.47] Measured spectroscopic redshiftsrc.redshiftfloate_zspec[0.0001/0.006] zspec uncertaintystat.errorfloatsigma[142/432] Velocity dispersionkm/sphys.veloc.dispersioninte_sigma[22/113] sigma uncertaintykm/sstat.errorintsige[149/464] The corrected velocity dispersion to the effective radius, {sigma}_e_phys.veloc.dispersionintAp[0.69/1.6] The circular aperturearcsecphys.angSize;instr.fovfloatSR[0.02/1] The success rate (ratio between the number of accepted fits over the total 257 attempts)stat.fit.paramfloatSNRsp[1.39/15.1] The signal-to-noise ratio per pixel calculated in the range 3600-4600{AA}stat.snr;instr.pixelfloatSNRk[2/24.6] The signal-to-noise ratio per pixel calculated over the region used for the fit by OMEGA-Kmeta.notefloatReffsp[0.28/1.81] Median effective radius, spectroscopickpcphys.size.radius;stat.medianfloatMassp[10.7/11.4] Stellar mass, photometriclog(solMass)phys.massfloatMasssp[10.46/11.5] Stellar mass, spectroscopiclog(solMass)phys.massfloatValidSpectral validation (3)meta.codechar_RAPositions from KiDS names (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from KiDS names (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainSloanDisplay the online SDSS-DR12 data for the nearest objectmeta.ref.urlcharQualThe quality level of the velocity dispersion estimates (2)meta.code.qual;phys.veloc.dispersioncharJ/ApJ/893/4/t18samResults of the fitting procedure on the spectra (Table 4) and photometric and spectroscopic validation (Table 6) for samples ucmg_tng_t18 and ucmg_ntt_t18SNRsp[1.39/15.1] The signal-to-noise ratio per pixel calculated in the range 3600-4600{AA}stat.snr;instr.pixelfloatSNRk[2/24.6] The signal-to-noise ratio per pixel calculated over the region used for the fit by OMEGA-Kmeta.notefloatQualThe quality level of the velocity dispersion estimates (2)meta.code.qual;phys.veloc.dispersioncharKIDSKiDS identifier (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.ss) for Tortora+ 2018MNRAS.481.4728T sample; column added by CDSmeta.id;meta.maincharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharReffp[0.35/1.5] Median effective radius, photometrickpcphys.size.radius;stat.medianfloatReffsp[0.28/1.81] Median effective radius, spectroscopickpcphys.size.radius;stat.medianfloatMassp[10.7/11.4] Stellar mass, photometriclog(solMass)phys.massfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSeq[1/61] Running sequence numbermeta.idintzphot[0.2/0.45] Photometric redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatzspec[0.15/0.47] Measured spectroscopic redshiftsrc.redshiftfloate_zspec[0.0001/0.006] zspec uncertaintystat.errorfloatsigma[142/432] Velocity dispersionkm/sphys.veloc.dispersioninte_sigma[22/113] sigma uncertaintykm/sstat.errorintsige[149/464] The corrected velocity dispersion to the effective radius, {sigma}_e_phys.veloc.dispersionintAp[0.69/1.6] The circular aperturearcsecphys.angSize;instr.fovfloatSR[0.02/1] The success rate (ratio between the number of accepted fits over the total 257 attempts)stat.fit.paramfloatMasssp[10.46/11.5] Stellar mass, spectroscopiclog(solMass)phys.massfloatValidSpectral validation (3)meta.codechar_RAPositions from KiDS names (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from KiDS names (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJ/893/4/systIntegrated photometry for the 55 systems (Table A1) and Structural parameters derived running 2Dphot on g-, r-, and i-bands (Table A2) for the ucmg_spec sampleIDIdentifiermeta.idcharSloanDisplay the online SDSS-DR12 data for the nearest objectmeta.ref.urlcharReffg[0.24/4.9] g-band circularized effective radiuskpcphys.size.radiusfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKIDSName (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.ss)meta.id;meta.maincharrmagA[17/20.94] r-band KiDS MAG_AUTOmagphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatumag[19.2/24.9] KiDS 6" aperture u-band magnitude (G1)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ufloate_umag[0.01/1.76] Uncertainty on the umagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatgmag[17.9/22.6] KiDS 6" aperture g-band magnitude (G1)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloate_gmag[0.002/0.06] Uncertainty on the gmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatrmag[17/20.91] KiDS 6" aperture r-band magnitude (G1)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloate_rmag[0.0008/0.01] Uncertainty on the rmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatimag[16.7/20.2] KiDS 6" aperture i-band magnitude (G1)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_imag[0.001/0.04] Uncertainty on the imagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatzphot[0.11/0.48] Photometric redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatMass[10.58/11.3] Stellar masslog(solMass)phys.massfloatGAMADisplay the GAMA DR1 data (Driver+, 2011, J/MNRAS/413/971) within 0.5"meta.ref.urlintnullableRadg[0.05/0.81] g-band circularized effective radius, {theta}_e_arcsecphys.angSizefloatng[0.69/10.6] g-band Sersic indexstat.fit.paramfloatqg[0.12/0.92] g-band axis ratiophys.size.axisRatiofloatChi2g[0.83/1.2] {chi}^2^ of the surface photometry fit in g-bandstat.weight;stat.fit.param;meta.modelledfloatChir2g[0.86/11.6] {chi}^2^ of the surface photometry fit including only central pixels in g-bandmeta.notefloatSNRg[16/602] Signal-to-noise ratio S/N of the photometric g-band images (G2)meta.noteintRadr[0.09/0.64] r-band circularized effective radius, {theta}_e_arcsecphys.angSizefloatReffr[0.48/2] r-band circularized effective radiuskpcphys.size.radiusfloatnr[1.99/10.64] r-band Sersic indexstat.fit.paramfloatqr[0.17/0.89] r-band axis ratiophys.size.axisRatiofloatChi2r[0.98/1.5] {chi}^2^ of the surface photometry fit in r-bandstat.fit.residual;stat.fit.param;meta.modelledfloatChir2r[0.98/25.8] {chi}^2^ of the surface photometry fit including only central pixels in r-bandmeta.notefloatSNRr[74/1109] signal-to-noise ratio S/N of the photometric r-band images (G2)meta.noteintRadi[0.1/1.3] i-band circularized effective radius, {theta}_e_arcsecphys.angSizefloatReffi[0.4/6] i-band circularized effective radiuskpcphys.size.radiusfloatni[1/10.1] i-band Sersic indexstat.fit.paramfloatqi[0.17/0.9] i-band axis ratiophys.size.axisRatiofloatChi2i[0.98/1.1] {chi}^2^ of the surface photometry fit in i-bandstat.fit.param;meta.modelledfloatChir2i[0.86/11.1] {chi}^2^ of the surface photometry fit including only central pixels in i-bandmeta.notefloatSNRi[32/641] signal-to-noise ratio S/N of the photometric i-band images (G2)meta.noteint_RAPositions from KiDS names (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from KiDS names (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main