J/ApJ/887/196ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/887/196doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18870196CDSFarina E.P.Arrigoni-Battaia F.Costa T.Walter F.Hennawi J.F.,Drake A.B.Decarli R.Gutcke T.A.Mazzucchelli C.Neeleman M.,Georgiev I.Eilers A.-C.Davies F.B.Banados E.Fan X.Onoue M.,Schindler J.-T.Venemans B.P.Wang F.Yang J.Rabien S.Busoni L.2021-07-05T13:09:32Z2021-06-24T09:41:51ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frquasarsredshiftedabsolute-magnitudeintergalactic-mediumspectroscopyultraviolet-astronomyvisible-astronomyThe discovery of quasars a few hundred megayears after the Big Bang represents a major challenge to our understanding of black holes as well as galaxy formation and evolution. Quasars' luminosity is produced by extreme gas accretion onto black holes, which have already reached masses of M_BH_>10^9^M_{sun}_ by z~6. Simultaneously, their host galaxies form hundreds of stars per year, using up gas in the process. To understand which environments are able to sustain the rapid formation of these extreme sources, we started a Very Large Telescope/Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) effort aimed at characterizing the surroundings of a sample of 5.7<z<6.6 quasars, which we have dubbed the Reionization Epoch QUasar InvEstigation with MUSE (REQUIEM) survey. We here present results of our searches for extended Ly{alpha} halos around the first 31 targets observed as part of this program. Reaching 5{sigma} surface brightness limits of 0.1-1.1x10^-17^erg/s/cm^2^/arcsec^2^ over a 1arcsec^2^ aperture, we were able to unveil the presence of 12 Ly{alpha} nebulae, eight of which are newly discovered. The detected nebulae show a variety of emission properties and morphologies with luminosities ranging from 8x10^42^ to 2x10^44^erg/s, FWHMs between 300 and 1700km/s, sizes <30pkpc, and redshifts consistent with those of the quasar host galaxies. As the first statistical and homogeneous investigation of the circumgalactic medium of massive galaxies at the end of the reionization epoch, the REQUIEM survey enables the study of the evolution of the cool gas surrounding quasars in the first 3Gyr of the universe. A comparison with the extended Ly{alpha} emission observed around bright (M_1450_<~-25mag) quasars at intermediate redshift indicates little variations on the properties of the cool gas from z~6 to z~3, followed by a decline in the average surface brightness down to z~2.2019ApJ...887..196Fhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/887/196CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/eso : ESO Science Archive Catalog (ESO, 1991-2021)J/ApJ/651/61 : Opt. thick absorbers near luminous quasars (Hennawi+, 2006)J/ApJ/667/79 : Ly{alpha} emission-line galaxies at z=3.1 (Gronwall+, 2007)J/AJ/133/2222 : Clustering of high-redshift QSOs from SDSS (Shen+, 2007)J/ApJ/714/1521 : Spectroscopy of galaxies around distant QSOs (Chen+, 2010)J/ApJ/724/L176 : MgII absorbing gas around galaxies (Chen+, 2010)J/ApJ/779/87 : MAGIICAT. III. Virial masses (Churchill+, 2013)J/ApJ/776/114 : MAGIICAT. I. MgII Absorber-Galaxy Catalog (Nielsen+, 2013)J/ApJ/776/136 : QPQ VI. HI absorption of z~2 quasars (Prochaska+, 2013)J/ApJ/762/L19 : Quasar pairs spectroscopy (Prochaska+, 2013)J/ApJ/796/140 : Circumgalactic medium around z~2 QSOs (Prochaska+, 2014)J/A+A/575/A75 : MUSE 3D view of HDF-S (Bacon+, 2015)J/A+A/575/A31 : SED of QSO J1120+064 (Barnett+, 2015)J/MNRAS/452/2553 : Sample of foreground-background QSO pairs (Johnson+, 2015)J/MNRAS/449/4204 : WFC3/UVIS quasar-stacked spectrum at z=~2.4 (Lusso+, 2015)J/ApJS/227/11 : PS1 z>5.6 quasars follow-up (Banados+, 2016)J/ApJ/831/7 : SDSS-RM project: peak velocities of QSOs (Shen+, 2016)J/ApJ/830/51 : FourStar galaxy evolution survey (ZFOURGE) (Straatman+, 2016)J/ApJ/845/172 : LAE candidates around bright Ly{alpha} blobs (Badescu+, 2017)J/A+A/608/A8 : MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey. VIII (Leclercq+, 2017)J/A+A/620/A202 : MAMMOTH-1 450 and 850um images (Arrigoni Battaia+, 2018)J/ApJ/859/53 : Ly{alpha} cand. from a MUSE survey of 6 AGNs (Marino+, 2018)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/887/196https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/887/196http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/887/196https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/887/196https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/887/196http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/887/196GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/887/196/table1 (Quasars observed with MUSE)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/887/196/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/887/196/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/887/196/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true46.32048333-31.848861110.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/887/196/table5 (*Ly-Alpha nebulae associated to quasars from the literature)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/887/196/table5?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/887/196/table5?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/887/196/table5?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true254.941057857.52549280.0055555555555555566/2187 2584 4120 4378 4446 4594 4609 4800 5848 6193 6409 6471 8227 8395 8477 8769 8842 8925 8939 8947 9151 10186 10212 10565 10573 11498 11765 12576 16554 16652 16656 16752 17068 17149 17236 17258 17299 17317 17358 17526 17556 17564 17663 17701 17718 17761 17872 17964 18007 18008 18027 18030 18031 18040 18044 18113 18116 18155 18717 18945 19033 19036 19087 19099 19120 19121 19166 19202 19239 19416 19440 19458 19498 19528 19783 19832 19842 19998 20657 21020 21840 21968 21982 21990 22013 22389 23397 24681 25294 25595 25827 25953 25955 26361 26373 26525 26539 26556 26846 26882 26953 26973 27015 27041 27063 27246 27346 27424 27429 27440 27549 27578 27590 27608 27676 27845 27868 27907 27943 28504 28532 28533 29795 30036 31310 31313 31451 31529 34215 34252 34503 34762 34908 35006 35128 35448 35525 35615 35686 35737 35751 35759 35895 35993 36090 36241 36445 36522 36767 39100 39456 40446 44429 44463 44753 45526 46429 46527 46589 46651 46704 46983 47573 47941 48474 48715 48899 49100https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/887/196?format=asciiUVOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/887/196/table1Quasars observed with MUSESimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharExp[2964/40950] Exposure timestime.duration;obs.exposureintrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameQuasar identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Hour of right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainz[5.77/6.62] Redshift measured from the [CII]158um emission lines by Decarli+ (2018ApJ...854...97D) -- unless flaggedsrc.redshiftfloate_z[0.0001/0.05] z uncertaintystat.error;src.redshiftfloatf_zFlag on z (1)meta.codechar1450Mag[-29.1/-22.5] Absolute 1450{AA} band magnitudemagphys.magAbs;em.UVfloatPIDProgram IDmeta.id;obscharQual[0.5/1.3] Image quality (seeing) (2)arcsecinstr.obsty.seeingfloatSB[8e-19/1.5e-17] 5{sigma} surface brightness limits in erg/s/cm^2^/arcsec^2^ units (2)mW.m**-2.arcsec**-2phot.mag.sbdoubleJ/ApJ/887/196/table5*Ly-Alpha nebulae associated to quasars from the literatureSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameCommon ID of the quasar or of the Ly-Alpha nebulameta.id;meta.maincharTypeType of association for the nebula (1)meta.notecharz[1.979/6.62] Redshift of the quasarsrc.redshiftfloatdLya[11/460] Maximum diameter distance of the Ly-Alpha emissionkpcphys.size.diameter;em.line.Lyalphafloatf_dLyaa: area of the source (2)meta.codecharLum[0.13/62.8]? Total Luminosity of the Ly-Alpha extended emission in 10^43^erg/s units1e+36Wphys.luminosity;em.UVfloatnullableRefReferences for the detectionmeta.refcharMUSEQSO in the MUSE sample (link to Table 1)meta.ref.urlintnullable_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJ/887/196/refsReferencesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRefReference codemeta.notecharBibCodeBibcode of the referencemeta.bib.bibcodecharCommCommentmeta.notechar