J/ApJ/876/85ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/876/85doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18760085CDSRiess A.G.Casertano S.Yuan W.Macri L.M.Scolnic D.2021-02-16T12:09:58Z2020-12-02T14:09:51ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmagellanic-cloudsvariable-starshst-photometryvisible-astronomyinfrared-sourcesWe present an improved determination of the Hubble constant from Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations of 70 long-period Cepheids in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). These were obtained with the same WFC3 photometric system used to measure extragalactic Cepheids in the hosts of SNe Ia. Gyroscopic control of HST was employed to reduce overheads while collecting a large sample of widely separated Cepheids. The Cepheid period-luminosity relation provides a zero-point-independent link with 0.4% precision between the new 1.2% geometric distance to the LMC from detached eclipsing binaries (DEBs) measured by Pietrzynski+ (2019Natur.567..200P) and the luminosity of SNe Ia. Measurements and analysis of the LMC Cepheids were completed prior to knowledge of the new DEB LMC distance. Combined with a refined calibration of the count-rate linearity of WFC3-IR with 0.1% precision, these three improved elements together reduce the overall uncertainty in the geometric calibration of the Cepheid distance ladder based on the LMC from 2.5% to 1.3%. Using only the LMC DEBs to calibrate the ladder, we find H_0_=74.22+/-1.82km/s/Mpc including systematic uncertainties, 3% higher than before for this particular anchor. Combining the LMC DEBs, masers in NGC 4258, and Milky Way parallaxes yields our best estimate: H_0_=74.03+/-1.42km/s/Mpc, including systematics, an uncertainty of 1.91%-15% lower than our best previous result. Removing any one of these anchors changes H0 by less than 0.7%. The difference between H0 measured locally and the value inferred from Planck CMB and {Lambda}CDM is 6.6+/-1.5km/s/Mpc or 4.4{sigma} (P=99.999% for Gaussian errors) in significance, raising the discrepancy beyond a plausible level of chance. We summarize independent tests showing that this discrepancy is not attributable to an error in any one source or measurement, increasing the odds that it results from a cosmological feature beyond {Lambda}CDM.2019ApJ...876...85Rhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/876/85CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/hst : HST Archived Exposures Catalog (STScI, 2007)J/AJ/128/2239 : JHKs photometry of 92 LMC Cepheids (Persson+, 2004)J/AcA/58/163 : VI light curves of LMC classical Cepheids (Soszynski+, 2008)J/ApJ/700/1097 : Light curve parameters of SN Ia (Hicken+, 2009)J/ApJ/722/566 : Host galaxies of SNIa in SDSS-II SN survey (Lampeitl+, 2010)J/MNRAS/406/782 : Type Ia supernovae luminosities (Sullivan+, 2010)J/ApJ/730/119 : HST/WFC3 obs. of Cepheids in SN Ia hosts (Riess+, 2011)J/ApJ/746/85 : THe HST Cluster Supernova Survey. V. (Suzuki+, 2012)J/A+A/568/A22 : Joint analysis of the SDSS-II & SNLS SNe Ia (Betoule+, 2014)J/ApJ/795/44 : PS1 SNe Ia (0.02<z<0.7) griz light curves (Rest+, 2014)J/ApJ/788/48 : X-ray through NIR photometry of NGC 2617 (Shappee+, 2014)J/MNRAS/448/732 : Type Ia SN environment within host galaxies (Anderson+, 2015)J/ApJ/799/144 : M31 Cepheids in near-IR (Kodric+, 2015)J/AJ/149/117 : LMC infrared survey. I. Photometry of Cepheids (Macri+, 2015)J/ApJ/830/10 : HST obs. of Cepheids in SNIa host gal. (Hoffmann+, 2016)J/ApJ/826/56 : HST/WFC3 obs. of Cepheids in SN Ia host gal. (Riess+, 2016)J/AJ/154/149 : LMC NIR synoptic survey. V. NIR phot. of Miras (Yuan+, 2017)J/ApJ/869/56 : Updated calibration of the CSP-I SNe Ia sample (Burns+, 2018)J/A+A/620/A99 : SMC Cepheids K-band and RV curves (Gieren+, 2018)J/ApJ/857/67 : HST obs. of Mira candidates in NGC 4258 (Huang+, 2018)J/ApJ/857/51 : Measuring dark energy data with PS1 SNe. II. (Jones+, 2018)J/A+A/615/A68 : Type Ia supernova luminosities (Roman+, 2018)J/ApJ/872/199 : Cand. spectrophotometric standard DA WDs (Calamida+, 2019)J/ApJ/874/32 : Environment and hosts of Type Ia supernovae (Rose+, 2019)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/876/85https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/876/85http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/876/85https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/876/85https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/876/85http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/876/85GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/876/85/table2 (Photometric results LMC Cepheids)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/876/85/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/876/85/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/876/85/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true74.11458306-69.379611110.0055555555555555565/8274 6/33076 33077 33120 331211.1796835550914393e-19 4.293000657289493e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/876/85?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/876/85/table1Observations of LMC CepheidsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintOGLECepheid identifier (<OGLE LMC-CEP-NNNN> in Simbad)meta.id;meta.mainintFrameHST frame identifiermeta.id;pos.frame;obs.fieldcharFilterFilter usedinstr.setup;instr.filtercharMJD[754.34/1468.23] Modified Julian Date; MJD-57000dtime.epochdoubleExp[0.8/4] Exposure timestime.duration;obs.exposurefloatArrayArray usedinstr.setupcharXpix[3/1295] X pixel coordinate on Arraypixpos.cartesian.xintYpix[60/1605] Y pixel coordinate on Arraypixpos.cartesian.yintJ/ApJ/876/85/table2Photometric results LMC CepheidsRAJ2000[74.11/81.85] Right Ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintOGLECepheid identifier (<OGLE LMC-CEP-NNNN> in Simbad)meta.id;meta.mainintprimaryDEJ2000[-70.35/-68.29] Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainGeo[-0.004/0.04] Correction for geometry of LMCarith.factorfloatlogP[0.78/1.73] log periodlog(d)time.periodfloatF555Wmag[12.3/16.66] HST/WFC3 F555W band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloate_F555Wmag[0.008/0.06] Uncertainty in F555Wmagmagstat.errorfloatF814Wmag[11.29/15.06] HST/WFC3 F814W band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_F814Wmag[0.008/0.021] Uncertainty in F814Wmagmagstat.errorfloatF160Wmag[10.43/13.72] HST/WFC3 (IR) F160W band magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloate_F160Wmag[0.017/0.08] Uncertainty in F160Wmagmagstat.errorfloatmWH[10/13.4] Reddening-free Wesenheit index (2)magphot.color.reddFreefloate_mWH[0.019/0.08] Uncertainty in mWHmagstat.errorfloatNobsNumber of HST observations for this Cepheid (link to Table 1)meta.numberintnullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar