J/ApJ/874/30ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/874/30doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18740030CDSSaha A.Vivas A.K.Olszewski E.W.Smith V.Olsen K.Blum R.Valdes F.,Claver J.Calamida A.Walker A.R.Matheson T.Narayan G.Soraisam M.,Cunha K.Axelrod T.Bloom J.S.Cenko S.B.Frye B.Juric M.Kaleida C.,Kunder A.Miller A.Nidever D.Ridgway S.2021-02-17T16:28:32Z2020-09-09T13:06:15ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frvariable-starsgalaxy-planesmilky-way-galaxyinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomybroad-band-photometryWe have obtained repeated images of six fields toward the Galactic bulge in five passbands (u, g, r, i, z) with the DECam imager on the Blanco 4m telescope at CTIO. From more than 1.6 billion individual photometric measurements in the field centered on Baade's window, we have detected 4877 putative variable stars. A total of 474 of these have been confirmed as fundamental mode RR Lyrae stars, whose colors at minimum light yield line-of-sight reddening determinations, as well as a reddenning law toward the Galactic Bulge, which differs significantly from the standard R_V_=3.1 formulation. Assuming that the stellar mix is invariant over the 3 square-degree field, we are able to derive a line-of-sight reddening map with sub-arcminute resolution, enabling us to obtain de-reddened and extinction corrected color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of this bulge field using up to 2.5 million well-measured stars. The corrected CMDs show unprecedented detail and expose sparsely populated sequences: for example, delineation of the very wide red giant branch, structure within the red giant clump, the full extent of the horizontal branch, and a surprising bright feature that is likely due to stars with ages younger than 1Gyr. We use the RR Lyrae stars to trace the spatial structure of the ancient stars and find an exponential decline in density with Galactocentric distance. We discuss ways in which our data products can be used to explore the age and metallicity properties of the bulge, and how our larger list of all variables is useful for learning to interpret future LSST alerts.2019ApJ...874...30Shttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/874/30CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toV/141 : Light-Motion Curve Catalogue (LMCC) in Stripe 82 (Bramich+ 2008)J/AJ/114/2596 : RR Lyrae in new galactic bulge window (Blanco+, 1997)J/ApJ/597/323 : Cool stars at the Galactic Center (Blum+, 2003)J/ApJ/632/266 : WFPC2 photometry of the globular cluster M5 (Layden+, 2005)J/ApJ/708/717 : Light curve templates of RR Lyrae stars (Sesar+, 2010)J/AJ/142/187 : HST obs. of 7 Pop.II variable stars (Benedict+, 2011)J/ApJ/790/164 : Candidate bulge WDs in the SWEEPS field (Calamida+, 2014)J/ApJS/215/19 : APOKASC catalog of Kepler red giants (Pinsonneault+, 2014)J/AcA/64/177 : VI LCs of Galactic Bulge RR Lyrae (Soszynski+, 2014)J/A+A/573/A103 : Light curves for variables in 5 clusters (Skottfelt+, 2015)J/A+A/590/A9 : RGB stars in Galactic GC stellar parameters (Dias+, 2016)J/AJ/151/144 : ASPCAP weights for APOGEE chemical elements (Garcia+, 2016)J/MNRAS/456/3655 : Masses and ages of red giants (Martig+, 2016)J/AJ/153/179 : VVV Survey RR Lyr stars in South Gal. plane (Minniti+, 2017)J/AJ/154/231 : Multi-epoch multi-band photometry of B1-392 (Saha+, 2017)J/AJ/154/85 : CTIO/DECam photometry of RR Lyrae stars in M5 (Vivas+, 2017)J/ApJ/854/12 : 16yrs of radial velocity measurements of S0-2 (Chu+, 2018)J/A+A/616/A12 : Gaia DR2 sources in GC and dSph (Gaia Collaboration+, 2018)J/AJ/156/126 : Stellar parameters from BACCHUS analysis (Jonsson+, 2018)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/874/30https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/874/30http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/874/30https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/874/30https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/874/30http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/874/30GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/874/30/table4 (RRab stars and their fitted parameters)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/874/30/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/874/30/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/874/30/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true270.39128-29.120660.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/874/30/table5 (Positions and photometry of all stars used in the Color-Magnitude Diagrams)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/874/30/table5?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/874/30/table5?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/874/30/table5?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true270.55437-31.002110.0055555555555555565/7194 6/28733 28735 28821 28864 288651.9810291497828372e-19 6.11321178556617e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/874/30?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/874/30/table4RRab stars and their fitted parametersDEJ2000[-30.99/-29.06] Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintID[392/9682206] Identification numbermeta.id;meta.mainintprimaryNpNumber of photometry measurements for this star (link to Table 3)meta.numberintnullableRAJ2000[269.67/272.11] Right Ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainPer[0.336/0.982] Perioddtime.perioddoubleHJD0Heliocentric Julian date at maximum light; HJD0-2400000.0 (1)dtime.epochdoubleo_umag[0/70] Number of umag observationsmeta.numberintuamp[0.36/1.98]? The u-band amplitudemagsrc.var.amplitudefloatnullableumag[17.34/22.68]? Mean CTIO/DECam (AB) magnitude in u bandmagphot.mag;em.opt.Ufloatnullableuref[17.76/22.91]? u band magnitude at minimum light (m_ref_) (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ufloatnullableo_gmag[0/72] Number of gmag observationsmeta.numberintgamp[0.25/1.56]? The g-band amplitudemagsrc.var.amplitudefloatnullablegmag[16.13/20.35]? Mean CTIO/DECam (AB) magnitude in g bandmagphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablegref[16.44/20.76]? g band magnitude at minimum light (m_ref_) (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullableo_rmag[0/70] Number of rmag observationsmeta.numberintramp[0.19/1.23]? The r-band amplitudemagsrc.var.amplitudefloatnullablermag[15.35/19.46]? Mean CTIO/DECam (AB) magnitude in r bandmagphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatnullablerref[15.56/19.72]? r band magnitude at minimum light (m_ref_) (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatnullableo_imag[0/92] Number of imag observationsmeta.numberintiamp[0.13/1.01]? The i-band amplitudemagsrc.var.amplitudefloatnullableimag[15.01/19.1]? Mean CTIO/DECam (AB) magnitude in i bandmagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullableiref[15.19/19.37]? i band magnitude at minimum light (m_ref_) (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullableo_zmag[0/85] Number of zmag observationsmeta.numberintzamp[0.11/1.01]? The z-band amplitudemagsrc.var.amplitudefloatnullablezmag[14.78/18.78]? Mean CTIO/DECam (AB) magnitude in z bandmagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablezref[14.95/19.01]? z band magnitude at minimum light (m_ref_) (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.IfloatnullableONameOGLE identifier (OGLE-BLG-RRLYR-NNNNN) if any; <OGLE BLG-RRLYR-NNNNN> in SIMBADmeta.idcharLCugriz light curves interactive plotmeta.ref.urlcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharJ/ApJ/874/30/table3Photometry of ab-type RR Lyrae stars in field B1FiltFilter (u, g, r, i or z)meta.id;instr.filtercharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintID[392/9682206] Identification Numbermeta.id;meta.mainintHJDHeliocentric Julian Date; HJD-2400000.0dtime.epochdoubleindexedmag[14.43/23.15] Apparent (AB) magnitude in Filtmagphot.magfloate_mag[0.01/0.3] Error in magmagstat.error;phot.magfloatJ/ApJ/874/30/table2Journal of observations for field B1 in all bandsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintHJDHeliocentric Julian Date; HJD-2400000.0dtime.epochdoubleFiltFilter (u, g, r, i or z)meta.id;instr.filtercharImage[205418/429045] DECam exposure numbermeta.idintExp[5/300] Exposure Timestime.duration;obs.exposureintJ/ApJ/874/30/table5Positions and photometry of all stars used in the Color-Magnitude DiagramsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRAJ2000[269.64/272.14] Right Ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainindexedDEJ2000[-31.01/-29.05] Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainindexedumag[-12.8/23.6] Mean (AB) magnitude in u band (1)magphot.mag;em.opt.Udoublee_umag[0.003/94] Uncertainty in umag (1)magstat.error;phot.magdoublegmag[12.09/23.57] Mean (AB) magnitude in g bandmagphot.mag;em.opt.Bdoublee_gmag[0.002/0.19] Uncertainty in gmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoublermag[11.95/22.19] Mean (AB) magnitude in r bandmagphot.mag;em.opt.Rdoublee_rmag[0.002/0.2] Uncertainty in rmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoubleimag[11.78/21.68] Mean (AB) magnitude in i bandmagphot.mag;em.opt.Idoublee_imag[0.002/0.16] Uncertainty in imagmagstat.error;phot.magdoublezmag[11.22/21.41] Mean (AB) magnitude in z bandmagphot.mag;em.opt.Idoublee_zmag[0.002/0.15] Uncertainty in zmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoubler-z[0.2/1.9] Color Excess (reddening) in r-zmagphot.color.excessfloat