J/ApJ/874/150ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/874/150doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18740150CDSBrout D.Scolnic D.Kessler R.D'Andrea C.B.Davis T.M.Gupta R.R.,Hinton S.R.Kim A.G.Lasker J.Lidman C.Macaulay E.Moller A.,Nichol R.C.Sako M.Smith M.Sullivan M.Zhang B.Andersen P.,Asorey J.Avelino A.Bassett B.A.Brown P.Calcino J.Carollo D.,Challis P.Childress M.Clocchiatti A.Filippenko A.V.Foley R.J.,Galbany L.Glazebrook K.Hoormann J.K.Kasai E.Kirshner R.P.Kuehn K.,Kuhlmann S.Lewis G.F.Mandel K.S.March M.Miranda V.Morganson E.,Muthukrishna D.Nugent P.Palmese A.Pan Y.-C.Sharp R.Sommer N.E.,Swann E.Thomas R.C.Tucker B.E.Uddin S.A.Wester W.Abbott T.M.C.,Allam S.Annis J.Avila S.Bechtol K.Bernstein G.M.Bertin E.,Brooks D.Burke D.L.Carnero Rosell A.Carrasco Kind M.Carretero J.,Castander F.J.Cunha C.E.da Costa L.N.Davis C.De Vicente J.,DePoy D.L.Desai S.Diehl H.T.Doel P.Drlica-Wagner A.Eifler T.F.,Estrada J.Fernandez E.Flaugher B.Fosalba P.Frieman J.,Garcia-Bellido J.Gruen D.Gruendl R.A.Gutierrez G.Hartley W.G.,Hollowood D.L.Honscheid K.Hoyle B.James D.J.Jarvis M.Jeltema T.,Krause E.Lahav O.Li T.S.Lima M.Maia M.A.G.Marriner J.,Marshall J.L.Martini P.Menanteau F.Miller C.J.Miquel R.,Ogando R.L.C.Plazas A.A.Romer A.K.Roodman A.Rykoff E.S.Sanchez E.,Santiago B.Scarpine V.Schubnell M.Serrano S.Sevilla-Noarbe I.,Smith R.C.Soares-Santos M.Sobreira F.Suchyta E.Swanson M.E.C.,Tarle G.Thomas D.Troxel M.A.Tucker D.L.Vikram V.Walker A.R.,Zhang Y.2023-06-09T07:01:41Z2020-10-06T08:08:13ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsupernovaesurveysredshiftedinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomyphotometryWe present the analysis underpinning the measurement of cosmological parameters from 207 spectroscopically classified SNe Ia from the first 3 years of the Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program (DES-SN), spanning a redshift range of 0.017<z<0.849. We combine the DES-SN sample with an external sample of 122 low-redshift (z<0.1) SNe Ia, resulting in a "DES-SN3YR" sample of 329 SNe Ia. Our cosmological analyses are blinded: after combining our DES-SN3YR distances with constraints from the Cosmic Microwave Background, our uncertainties in the measurement of the dark energy equation-of-state parameter, w, are 0.042 (stat) and 0.059 (stat+syst) at 68% confidence. We provide a detailed systematic uncertainty budget, which has nearly equal contributions from photometric calibration, astrophysical bias corrections, and instrumental bias corrections. We also include several new sources of systematic uncertainty. While our sample is less than one-third the size of the Pantheon sample, our constraints on w are only larger by 1.4x, showing the impact of the DES-SN Ia light-curve quality. We find that the traditional stretch and color standardization parameters of the DES-SNe Ia are in agreement with earlier SN Ia samples such as Pan-STARRS1 and the Supernova Legacy Survey. However, we find smaller intrinsic scatter about the Hubble diagram (0.077mag). Interestingly, we find no evidence for a Hubble residual step (0.007+/-0.018mag) as a function of host-galaxy mass for the DES subset, in 2.4{sigma} tension with previous measurements. We also present novel validation methods of our sample using simulated SNe Ia inserted in DECam images and using large catalog-level simulations to test for biases in our analysis pipelines.2019ApJ...874..150Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/874/150CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/357 : The Dark Energy Survey (DES): Data Release 1 (Abbott+, 2018)VII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)J/AJ/131/527 : UBVRI light curves of 44 type Ia supernovae (Jha+, 2006)J/AJ/136/2306 : SDSS-II Supernova survey, 2005 (Holtzman+, 2008)J/ApJ/700/331 : Light curves of type Ia supernovae (CfA3) (Hicken+, 2009)J/ApJ/700/1097 : Light curve parameters of SN Ia (Hicken+, 2009)J/ApJS/185/32 : First-year SDSS-II SN results (Kessler+, 2009)J/AJ/139/519 : Carnegie supernova project. SNe Ia (Contreras+, 2010)J/A+A/523/A7 : Light curves of type Ia supernovae in SNLS (Guy+, 2010)J/ApJ/722/566 : Host galaxies of SNIa in SDSS-II SN survey (Lampeitl+, 2010)J/MNRAS/406/782 : Type Ia supernovae luminosities (Sullivan+, 2010)J/A+A/529/L4 : Reddening law of type Ia supernovae (Chotard+, 2011)J/ApJS/192/1 : Light-curve parameters from the SNLS (Conley+, 2011)J/ApJ/740/92 : SN.Ia host galaxies properties (Gupta+, 2011)J/AJ/143/126 : Spectrosc. of 462 nearby Type Ia supernovae (Blondin+, 2012)J/ApJS/200/12 : CfA4: light curves for 94 type Ia SNe (Hicken+, 2012)J/ApJ/755/61 : SN Ia host galaxies SFR from SDSS-II (Smith+, 2012)J/ApJ/750/99 : The Pan-STARRS1 photometric system (Tonry+, 2012)J/ApJ/770/107 : Host galaxies of SNIa from SNfactory (Childress+, 2013)J/A+A/568/A22 : Joint analysis of the SDSS-II & SNLS SNIa (Betoule+, 2014)J/MNRAS/438/1391 : Host galaxies of Type Ia SN from PTF (Pan+, 2014)J/ApJ/795/44 : PS1 SNe Ia (0.02<z<0.7) griz light curves (Rest+, 2014)J/ApJS/220/9 : CfAIR2: NIR light curves of Type Ia SNe (Friedman+, 2015)J/ApJS/224/3 : ESSENCE 6yr spectroscopic follow-up (Narayan+, 2016)J/ApJ/821/115 : SDSS-II SN Survey: host-galaxy spectral data (Wolf+, 2016)J/MNRAS/472/273 : OzDES DR1 (Childress+, 2017)J/ApJ/857/51 : Measuring dark energy data with PS1 SNe. II. (Jones+, 2018)http://des.ncsa.illinois.edu/releases/sn : DES-SN3YR data productshttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/874/150https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/874/150http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/874/150https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/874/150https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/874/150http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/874/150GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/874/150/table12 (Light curve fit parameters for the 329 SNe Ia for G10 (Guy+ 2010A&A...523A...7G) & C11 (Chotard+ 2011A&A...529L...4C) intrinsic scatter models)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/874/150/table12?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/874/150/table12?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/874/150/table12?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true53.64621694-28.127001110.0055555555555555565/4422 8868 8983 6/224 1593 1700 1709 2254 2340 2347 2353 2409 2608 2641 3086 4114 4577 4583 4989 5004 5100 5192 5591 5680 5990 5995 6062 6549 6585 6877 7166 7198 7523 7651 7681 7747 8213 8435 8479 8927 9287 9338 9449 9471 9560 9614 9698 10232 10391 10428 10789 10827 10920 10978 11064 11158 11273 12103 12123 12455 12585 13505 16690 17152 17207 17237 17500 17669 17671 17677 17679-17680 17682-17683 17686 17692-17694 17712 17735 17741 17745-17748 17750-17753 17756 17767 17818 17840 18017 18214 18410 18851 19043 19051 19087 19102 19241 19425 19506 19581 19797 19983 20031 20090 20140 20237 20279 21138 21917 22425 23023 23092 23219 23294 25079 25333 25491 25615 25982 26395 27420 27491 27761 27910 27912 28075 28089 28368 28414 28453 30044 31293 32602 35382 35385 35387-35390 35481 35927 35931 35953 35956-35957 35959 36098 36104 36106-36107 36128 36201 36391 36473 36805 39627 40145 40906 44555 45418https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/874/150?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/874/150/table12Light curve fit parameters for the 329 SNe Ia for G10 (Guy+ 2010A&A...523A...7G) & C11 (Chotard+ 2011A&A...529L...4C) intrinsic scatter modelsSNSupernova identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintC-x1c[-0.007/0.11] Fitted covariance between x1 and cstat.covariance;meta.modelleddoubleC-x1x0[-0.0002/4.8e-5] Fitted covariance between x1 and x0stat.covariance;meta.modelleddoubleC-cx0[-0.00012/5.1e-9] Fitted covariance between c and x0stat.covariance;meta.modelleddoubledof[1/175] Degrees of Freedom in light curve fitstat.fit.dofintFileFileName in subdirectory "lcs"; column added by CDSmeta.id;meta.filecharCIDint[1/2008051] Integer identifiermeta.idintSurvey[5/66] Integer SURVEY ID (2)meta.idintType[0/101]? SN type (3)meta.codeintnullableFieldNULL for "LOWz" subset, set to SN field name for DES subsetobs.fieldcharzHel[0.01/0.85] Heliocentric redshiftsrc.redshiftdoublee_zHel[0/0.01] Uncertainty in zHelstat.errordoublezCMB[0.01/0.85] Cosmic Microwave Background redshiftsrc.redshiftdoublee_zCMB[0/0.01] Uncertainty in zCMBstat.errordoubleLCInteractive LC Plotmeta.ref.urlcharzHD[0.01/0.85] Hubble diagram redshift (zCMB with Vpec correction)phys.veloc;pos.cmbdoublee_zHD[0.0005/0.01] Uncertainty in zHDstat.errordoubleVpec[-741/699]? Peculiar velocitykm/sphys.velocdoublenullablee_Vpec[250]? Uncertainty in Vpeckm/sstat.errorintnullablelogMh[2/12] log host stellar masslog(solMass)phys.massfloate_logMh[0/10] Uncertainty in logMhlog(solMass)stat.errordoubleSNRMax1[6.5/898] Max SNR among all observationsstat.snrdoubleSNRMax2[5.8/321] Max SNR after removing band with SNRMax1stat.snrdoubleSNRMax3[/250]? Max SNR after removing bands with SNRMax1 and SNRMax2stat.snrdoublenullablePKMJD[51931/57413] Best fit peak modified julian date; rest-frame B band (from SALT2 light curve fit)dtime.epochdoublee_PKMJD[0.016/4.4] Uncertainty in PKMJDdstat.errorfloatx1[-2.8/2] The x_1_ light curve fit parameterstat.fit.paramdoublee_x1[0.02/1.8] Uncertainty in x1stat.errordoublec[-0.3/0.3] The c light curve fit parameterstat.fit.param;meta.modelleddoublee_c[0.016/0.13] Uncertainty in cstat.errordoublemB[14/24.16] The -2.5log10(x0), where x0 is best fit SALT2 amplitudemagphot.mag;meta.modelledfloate_mB[0.0017/0.23] Uncertainty in Bmagmagstat.errordoublex0[3.8e-6/0.042] Best fit SALT2 amplitudestat.fit.paramdoublee_x0[3.9e-8/0.002] Uncertainty in x0stat.errordoublechi2[0.28/185] {chi}^2^ of the light curve fitstat.fit.param;meta.modelleddoubleProb[0.012/1] Fit probability given chi2 and dofstat.fit.chi2doubleRAJ2000Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[-66.5/79.1] Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainTGAPmax[1.96/32.4] Rest frame duration of gap in light curve coverage near peaktime.intervalfloatTrestmin[-15.1/9.5] Time of earliest observation used in fittime.epochdoubleTrestmax[5.19/45] Time of latest observation used in fittime.epochfloatMWEBV[0.004/0.22] The E(B-V) of the Milky Way usedmagphot.color.excessdoubleimag[15.3/23.6]? Peak i-band mag computed (4)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablermag[14.6/24.4]? Peak r-band mag computed (4)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloatnullablee_imag[0.01/0.14]? Uncertainty in imagmagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullablee_rmag[0.01/0.12]? Uncertainty in rmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullablemu[33.3/43.8] Distance modulus (5)mas/yrphot.mag.distModfloatmuMODEL[33.2/43.7] Reference model distance modulus (6)mas/yrphot.mag.distModfloate_mu[0.08/0.3] The 1{sigma} uncertainty in mu (measurement error and sigma_int)mas/yrstat.errorfloats_mu[0.05/0.4] The 1{sigma} measurement error in mu (no sigma_int term)mas/yrstat.errorfloatmuRES[-0.5/0.6] MU-(MUMODEL+M0DIF)stat.errorfloatmuPULL[-2.92/3.32] MURES/MUERR-1stat.errorfloatM0DIF[-0.22/0.1] z-binned MU-offsetstat.fit.paramfloatbCor-mu[-0.4/0.6] Bias correction already applied to muarith.factorfloate_bCor-mu[0.002/0.08] The 1{sigma} uncertainty in bCor-mu; not usedstat.errorfloatbCor-mB[-0.09/0.07] Bias correction on mBarith.factorfloatbCor-x1[-0.94/0.9] Bias correction on x1arith.factorfloatbCor-c[-0.17/0.09] Bias correction on carith.factorfloatbCor-muCOV[0.26/0.97] The R_{sigma} value (7)arith.factorfloatSet[0/1]? Sample identifier (1=DES-SN) (8)meta.id;src.sampleintnullableSNCatDisplay data from Jha+, 2006, J/AJ/131/527; Hicken+, 2009, J/ApJ/700/1097 and 2012, J/ApJS/200/12 and Contreras+, 2010, J/AJ/139/519meta.ref.urlintnullableModModel identifier (1)meta.id;stat.param;meta.modelledchar