J/ApJ/873/35ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/873/35doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18730035CDSShen Y.Wu J.Jiang L.Banados E.Fan X.Ho L.C.Riechers D.A.,Strauss M.A.Venemans B.Vestergaard M.Walter F.Wang F.Willott C.,Wu X.-B.Yang J.2022-01-19T09:09:09Z2021-09-16T15:14:08ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frinfrared-astronomyspectroscopyquasarsredshiftedline-intensitiesblack-holessurveysWe report initial results from a large Gemini program to observe z>~5.7 quasars with GNIRS near-IR spectroscopy. Our sample includes 50 quasars with simultaneous ~0.85-2.5{mu}m spectra covering the rest-frame ultraviolet and major broad emission lines from Ly{alpha} to MgII. We present spectral measurements for these quasars and compare with their lower redshift counterparts at z=1.5-2.3. We find that when quasar luminosity is matched, there are no significant differences between the rest-UV spectra of z>~5.7 quasars and the low-z comparison sample. High-z quasars have similar continuum and emission line properties and occupy the same region in the black hole mass and luminosity space as the comparison sample, accreting at an average Eddington ratio of ~0.3. There is no evidence for super-Eddington accretion or hypermassive (>10^10^M_{sun}_) black holes within our sample. We find a mild excess of quasars with weak CIV lines relative to the control sample. Our results, corroborating earlier studies but with better statistics, demonstrate that these high-z quasars are already mature systems of accreting supermassive black holes operating with the same physical mechanisms as those at lower redshifts.2019ApJ...873...35Shttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/873/35CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/319 : UKIDSS-DR9 LAS, GCS and DXS Surveys (Lawrence+ 2012)II/359 : The VISTA Hemisphere Survey (VHS) catalog DR4.1 (McMahon+, 2013)II/343 : VIKING catalogue data release 2 (Edge+, 2016)VII/283 : The Million Quasars (Milliquas) catalog (6.3) (Flesch, 2019)J/ApJ/613/682 : AGN central masses & broad-line reg. sizes (Peterson+, 2004)J/ApJS/166/470 : SDSS-Spitzer type I QSOs IR photometry (Richards+, 2006)J/AJ/135/2453 : Sample of BL Lac objects from SDSS & FIRST (Plotkin+, 2008)J/ApJ/680/169 : SDSS DR5 virial black hole masses (Shen+, 2008)J/ApJ/699/782 : High-redshift SDSS-DR5 QSOs (Diamond-Stanic+, 2009)J/ApJ/692/758 : BAL QSOs in SDSS-DR5 (Gibson+, 2009)J/ApJ/699/800 : Mass functions of active black holes (Vestergaard+, 2009)J/MNRAS/405/2302 : Improved redshifts for SDSS quasar spectra (Hewett+, 2010)J/MNRAS/410/860 : Redshift dependence of BAL QSOs (Allen+, 2011)J/ApJS/194/45 : QSO properties from SDSS-DR7 (Shen+, 2011)J/ApJ/746/169 : Luminosity function of broad-line quasars (Shen+, 2012)J/ApJ/753/125 : NIR spectroscopy follow-up of 60 SDSS-DR7 QSOs (Shen+, 2012)J/ApJ/761/112 : High-z MgII absorption QSOs with FIRE (Matejek+, 2012)J/ApJ/761/184 : IR luminosities for dusty AGNs and QSOs (Weedman+, 2012)J/MNRAS/435/3306 : Candidate type II QSOs in SDSS III (Alexandroff+, 2013)J/ApJ/764/45 : Luminosity function of broad-line QSOs. II. (Kelly+, 2013)J/ApJ/805/122 : X-ray properties of PHL1811 analogs and WLQs (Luo+, 2015)J/ApJS/227/11 : PS1 z>5.6 quasars follow-up (Banados+, 2016)J/ApJ/817/55 : NIR spectroscopy of 1.5<z<3.5 broad-band QSOs (Shen, 2016)J/ApJ/831/7 : SDSS-RM project: peak velocities of QSOs (Shen+, 2016)J/ApJ/819/24 : z>4.5 QSOs with SDSS and WISE. I. Opt. spectra (Wang+, 2016)J/MNRAS/465/2120 : Correcting CIV-based virial BH masses (Coatman+, 2017)J/ApJ/861/37 : Luminous WISE quasars in SDSS Stripe 82 (Glikman+, 2018)J/ApJ/871/258 : ELQS in SDSS. III. Full ELQS quasar cat. (Schindler+, 2019)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/873/35https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/873/35http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/873/35https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/873/35https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/873/35http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/873/35GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/873/35/table1 (summary)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/873/35/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/873/35/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/873/35/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true0.34012526.83588890.0055555555555555566/471 2584 4279 4507 5016 5049 5066 5440 5444 5630 6646 7326 8632 9373 9392 9469 9831 10121 10320 10456 10501 10512 10756 11393 11440 11561 11916 13358 17362 17668 17681 17820 18031 18064 18155 18181 18717 18773 18839 20116 20273 20275 21872 23150 26451 27041 27700 27781 28144 36083https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/873/35?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/873/35/table1summarySimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintFigFigure 3 object number; column added by CDSmeta.bib.figintIDObject ID of the GNIRS samplemeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainzold[5.7/6.43] Original redshift from the discovery papersrc.redshift;pos.heliocentricfloatr_zold[1/18] Discovery reference (2)meta.ref;pos.frameintzsys[5.637/6.42] Improved systemic redshiftsrc.redshift;pos.heliocentricfloate_zsys[0.005/0.06] Uncertainty in zsysstat.errorfloatJmag[17.7/21.2]? J band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_Jmag[0.01/0.3]? Uncertainty in Jmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullabler_JmagJmag reference (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharHmag[17/19.5]? H band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_Hmag[0.03/0.2]? Uncertainty in Hmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableKsmag[16.1/18.4]? Ks band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullablee_Ksmag[0.03/0.3]? Uncertainty in Ksmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableB16Display data from Banados+, 2016, J/ApJS/227/11, within 1"meta.ref.urlintnullableQCatDisplay data from the Milliquas (VII/283) and Wang+, 2016, J/ApJ/819/24 within 1"meta.ref.urlcharCommCommentmeta.notecharJ/ApJ/873/35/table3*CatalogzSys[5.633/6.43] Improved systemic redshiftsrc.redshift;pos.heliocentricdoublerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDObject ID of the GNIRS samplemeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryzold[5.7/6.43] Original redshift from the discovery paper (ZFIT)src.redshift;pos.heliocentricfloate_zSys[0.005/0.06] zSys uncertainty (ZSYS_ERR)stat.errordoublezMgII[5.95/6.43]? Redshift based on broad MgIIsrc.redshift;pos.heliocentricdoublenullablee_zMgII[0.005/0.08]? zMgII uncertainty (ZMGII_ERR)stat.errordoublenullablezCIII[5.59/6.03]? Redshift based on the CIII] complexsrc.redshift;pos.heliocentricdoublenullablee_zCIII[0.005/0.09]? zCIII uncertainty (ZCIII_ERR)stat.errordoublenullablezCIV[5.63/6.36]? Redshift based on broad CIVsrc.redshift;pos.heliocentricdoublenullablee_zCIV[0.009/0.11] zCIV uncertainty (ZCIV_ERR)stat.errordoublezSiIV[5.69/6.33] Redshift based on broad SiIV/OIV]src.redshift;pos.heliocentricdoublee_zSiIV[0.01/0.06] zSiIV uncertainty (ZSIIV_ERR)stat.errordoublelogL1350[45.2/47.1] Continuum luminosity at restframe 1350{AA}; in erg/s unitslog(1e-07W)phys.luminositydoublee_logL1350[0.0019/0.5] logL1350 uncertainty (LOGL1350_ERR)log(1e-07W)stat.errordoublelogL1700[45.19/47.03] Continuum luminosity at restframe 1700{AA}; in erg/s unitslog(1e-07W)phys.luminositydoublee_logL1700[0.001/0.3] logL1700 uncertainty (LOGL1700_ERR)log(1e-07W)stat.errordoublelogL3000[45.2/47.02] Continuum luminosity at restframe 3000{AA}; in erg/s unitslog(1e-07W)phys.luminositydoublee_logL3000[0.001/0.12]LogL3000 uncertainty (LOGL3000_ERR)log(1e-07W)stat.errordoublelogLBol[45.9/47.8] Log of bolometric luminosity (1)log(1e-07W)phys.luminositydoublee_logLBol[0.001/0.12] logLBol uncertainty (LOGLBOL_ERR)log(1e-07W)stat.errordoublepkMgII[2754/2820.2]? MgII peak wavelength in {AA} (MGIIa)0.1nmem.wldoublenullablee_pkMgII[0.5/31]? pkMgII uncertainty (MGII_ERRa)0.1nmstat.errordoublenullableFWHMMgII[1411/10127]? MgII FWHM (MGIIb)km/sspect.line.widthdoublenullablee_FWHMMgII[115/8519]? FWHMMgII uncertainty (MGII_ERRb)km/sstat.errordoublenullablelogLMgII[43.5/45]? log of MgII line luminosity in erg/s (MGIIc)log(1e-07W)phys.luminositydoublenullablee_logLMgII[0.01/1.6]? logLMgII uncertainty (MGII_ERRc)log(1e-07W)stat.errordoublenullableEWMgII[10.8/140]? MgII restframe EW in {AA} (MGIId)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthdoublenullablee_EWMgII[0.9/17865]? EWMgII uncertainty (MGII_ERRd)0.1nmstat.errordoublenullableFMgII[2754/2821]? Top 50% of MgII flux centroid in {AA} (MGIIe)0.1nmphot.fluxdoublenullablee_FMgII[0.4/31]? FMgII uncertainty (MGII_ERRe)0.1nmstat.errordoublenullablepkCIII[1851/1938]? Peak wavelength for the entire CIII] complex (CIII], SiIII], AlIII) in {AA} (CIII_ALLa)0.1nmem.wldoublenullablee_pkCIII[0.3/39]? pkCIII uncertainty (CIII_ALL_ERRa)0.1nmstat.errordoublenullableFWHMCIII[796/35298]? CIII] complex FWHM (CIII_ALLb)km/sspect.line.widthdoublenullablee_FWHMCIII[184/16907]? FWHMCIII uncertainty (CIII_ALL_ERRb)km/sstat.errordoublenullablelogLCIII[44/46]? log of CIII] complex luminosity in erg/s (CIII_ALLc)log(1e-07W)phys.luminositydoublenullablee_logLCIII[0.01/2.4]? logLCIII uncertainty (CIII_ALL_ERRc)log(1e-07W)stat.errordoublenullableEWCIII[9.5/726]? CIII] complex restframe EW in {AA} (CIII_ALLd)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthdoublenullablee_EWCIII[0.5/1.2e+6]? EWCIII uncertainty (CIII_ALL_ERRd)0.1nmstat.errordoublenullableFCIII[1851/1938]? Top 50% of CIII] complex flux centroid in {AA} (CIII_ALLe)0.1nmphot.fluxdoublenullablee_FCIII[0.3/39]? FCIII uncertainty (CIII_ALL_ERRe)0.1nmstat.errordoublenullablepkCIV[1524/1553] Peak wavelength for the entire CIV line (CIVa)0.1nmem.wldoublee_pkCIV[0.2/23] pkCIV uncertainty (CIV_ERRa)0.1nmstat.errordoubleFWHMCIV[1826/28275] CIV line FWHM (CIVb)km/sspect.line.widthdoublee_FWHMCIV[110/16680] FWHMCIV uncertainty (CIV_ERRb)km/sstat.errordoublelogLCIV[43.5/45.4] log of CIV line luminosity in erg/s (CIVc)log(1e-07W)phys.luminositydoublee_logLCIV[0.01/0.5] logLCIV uncertainty (CIV_ERRc)log(1e-07W)stat.errordoubleEWCIV[2.9/318] CIV restframe EW in {AA} (CIVd)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthdoublee_EWCIV[0.8/422] EWCIV uncertainty (CIV_ERRd)0.1nmstat.errordoubleFCIV[1524/1553] Top 50% of CIV line flux centroid in {AA} (CIVe)0.1nmphot.fluxdoublee_FCIV[0.2/21] FCIV uncertainty (CIV_ERRe)0.1nmstat.errordoublepkSiIV[1375/1403] Peak wavelength for the 1400{AA} complex (SiIV, OIV) in {AA} (SIIV_OIVa)0.1nmem.wldoublee_pkSiIV[0.005/11.5]? pkSiIV uncertainty (SIIV_OIV_ERRa)0.1nmstat.errordoublenullableFWHMSiIV[1411/35298]? SiIV complex restframe EW in {AA} (SIIV_OIVb)km/sspect.line.widthdoublenullablee_FWHMSiIV[272/16943]? FWHMSiIV uncertainty (SIIV_OIV_ERRb)km/sstat.errordoublenullablelogLSiIV[42.5/45.4]? log of SiIV complex luminosity in erg/s (SIIV_OIVc)log(1e-07W)phys.luminositydoublenullablee_logLSiIV[0.01/22]? logLSiIV uncertainty (SIIV_OIV_ERRc)log(1e-07W)stat.errordoublenullableEWSiIV[0.7/48.1]? SiIV complex restframe EW in {AA} (SIIV_OIVd)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthdoublenullablee_EWSiIV[0.3/106]? EWSiIV uncertainty (SIIV_OIV_ERRd)0.1nmstat.errordoublenullableFSiIV[1376/1403] Top 50% of SiIV complex flux centroid in {AA} (SIIV_OIVe)0.1nmphot.fluxdoublee_FSiIV[0.03/11.2]? FSiIV uncertainty (SIIV_OIV_ERRe)0.1nmstat.errordoublenullableLogBHCIV[8.1/11]? Single-epoch virial BH mass based on CIV (Vestergaard & Peterson 2006ApJ...641..689V) (LOGBH_CIV_VP06)log(solMass)phys.massfloatnullablee_LogBHCIV[0.02/4.5]? LogBHCIV uncertainty (LOGBH_CIV_VP06_ERR)log(solMass)stat.errorfloatnullableLogBHMgII[8.3/10]? Single-epoch virial BH mass based on MgII (Shen+ 2011, J/ApJS/194/45) (LOGBH_MGII_S11)log(solMass)phys.massfloatnullablee_LogBHMgII[0.018/3.3]? LogBHMgII uncertainty (LOGBH_MGII_S11_ERR)log(solMass)stat.errorfloatnullableLogBH[8.1/10.8]? Adopted fiducial BH mass; based on MgII if available, otherwise based on CIVlog(solMass)phys.massfloatnullablee_LogBH[0.01/4.5]? LogBH uncertainty (LOGBH_ERR)log(solMass)stat.errorfloatnullableLogEdd[-1.7/0.6]? Eddington ratio based on the fiducial BH mass (LOGEDD_RATIO)phys.luminosity;arith.ratiodoublenullablee_LogEdd[0.019/4.5]? LogEdd uncertainty (LOGEDD_RATIO_ERR)stat.errorfloatnullable