J/ApJ/871/258ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/871/258doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18710258CDSSchindler J.-T.Fan X.McGreer I.D.Yang J.Wang F.Green R.,Fynbo J.P.U.Krogager J.-K.Green E.M.Huang Y.-H.Kadowaki J.,Patej A.Wu Y.-L.Yue M.2021-07-09T08:23:47Z2020-04-24T07:37:57ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frquasarsredshiftedvisible-astronomyspectroscopysloan-photometryultraviolet-photometryinfrared-photometrysurveysradio-sourcesx-ray-sourcesWe have designed the Extremely Luminous Quasar Survey (ELQS) to provide a highly complete census of unobscured UV-bright quasars during the cosmic noon, z=2.8-5.0. Here we report the discovery of 70 new quasars in the ELQS South Galactic Cap (ELQS-S) quasar sample, doubling the number of known extremely luminous quasars in 4237.3deg^2^ of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey footprint. These observations conclude the ELQS and we present the properties of the full ELQS quasar catalog, containing 407 quasars over 11838.5deg^2^. Our novel ELQS quasar selection strategy resulted in unprecedented completeness at the bright end and allowed us to discover 109 new quasars in total. This marks an increase of ~36% (109/298) in the known population at these redshifts and magnitudes, while we further are able to retain a selection efficiency of ~80%. On the basis of 166 quasars from the full ELQS quasar catalog, which adhere to the uniform criteria of the Two Micron All Sky Survey point source catalog, we measure the bright-end quasar luminosity function (QLF) and extend it one magnitude brighter than previous studies. Assuming a single power law with exponential density evolution for the functional form of the QLF, we retrieve the best-fit parameters from a maximum likelihood analysis. We find a steep bright-end slope of {beta}~-4.1, and we can constrain the bright-end slope to {beta}<=-3.4 with 99% confidence. The density is well modeled by the exponential redshift evolution, resulting in a moderate decrease with redshift ({gamma}~-0.4).2019ApJ...871..258Shttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/871/258CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/294 : The SDSS Photometric Catalog, Release 7 (Adelman-McCarthy+, 2009)VII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)VII/273 : The Half Million Quasars (HMQ) catalogue (Flesch, 2015)II/335 : Revised catalog GALEX UV sources (GUVcat_AIS GR6+7) (Bianchi+ 2017)VII/286 : SDSS quasar catalog, fourteenth data release (Paris+, 2018)VII/283 : The Million Quasars (Milliquas) catalog (6.3) (Flesch, 2019)J/ApJ/635/123 : The SDSS-DR3 damped Ly{alpha} survey (Prochaska+, 2005)J/AJ/131/2766 : Quasar luminosity function from SDSS-DR3 (Richards+, 2006)J/AJ/131/2788 : Redshifts in the SFQS survey (Jiang+, 2006)J/ApJS/165/1 : BAL QSOs from SDSS DR3 (Trump+, 2006)J/MNRAS/386/1605 : Luminous K-band selected QSOs from UKIDSS (Maddox+, 2008)J/MNRAS/406/1583 : Quasar from SDSS and UKIDSS (Wu+, 2010)J/MNRAS/410/860 : Redshift dependence of BAL QSOs (Allen+, 2011)J/ApJ/728/23 : GALEX UV-bright high-redshift quasars (Worseck+, 2011)J/AJ/143/119 : SDSS Quasar Lens Search. V. Final catalog (Inada+, 2012)J/ApJ/755/169 : 3<z<5 quasar luminosity function in COSMOS (Masters+, 2012)J/AJ/144/49 : Quasars from SDSS-DR7, WISE and UKIDSS surveys (Wu+, 2012)J/ApJS/199/3 : The quasars MMT-BOSS pilot survey (Ross+, 2012)J/ApJ/768/105 : z~5 QSO lum. function from SDSS Stripe 82 (McGreer+, 2013)J/ApJ/773/14 : BOSS: quasar luminosity function (Ross+, 2013)J/A+A/588/A103 : Second ROSAT all-sky survey (2RXS) catalog (Boller+, 2016)J/ApJ/819/24 : z>4.5 QSOs with SDSS and WISE. I. Opt. spectra (Wang+, 2016)J/ApJ/829/33 : Luminous of high-z QSOs with SDSS and WISE. II (Yang+, 2016)J/ApJ/847/81 : HeII photoionization rates of quasars (Schmidt+, 2017)J/AJ/155/189 : LAMOST Quasar Survey: quasar properties DR2&3 (Dong+, 2018)J/AJ/155/131 : z~5 quasar luminosity function from CFHTLS (McGreer+, 2018)J/MNRAS/473/4937 : AllWISE ctp to ROSAT/2RXS & XMMSLEW2 cat. (Salvato+, 2018)J/ApJ/863/144 : ELQS in SDSS footprint. II. North Gal. Cap (Schindler+,2018)http://skyserver.sdss.org/dr13/ : SDSS DR13 homepagehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/871/258https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/871/258http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/871/258https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/871/258https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/871/258http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/871/258GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/871/258/table2 (Newly discovered quasars at z>=2.8 in the ELQS-S sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/258/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/258/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/258/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true0.913137520.523833330.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/871/258/elqs (The full Extremely Luminous Quasar Survey (ELQS) quasar catalog)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/258/elqs?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/258/elqs?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/258/elqs?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true0.913137520.523833330.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/871/258/table10 (Newly discovered quasars at z<2.8 in the ELQS sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/258/table10?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/258/table10?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/258/table10?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true12.2062538.521313890.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/871/258/table11 (Newly discovered quasars not part of the ELQS primary candidate catalog)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/258/table11?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/258/table11?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/871/258/table11?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true13.9271-6.236663890.0055555555555555566/40 121 129 307 313 320 397 545 549 570 616 620 638 711 743 2055 2056 2069 2094 2142 2160 2188 2204 2302 2572 2599 2614 2640 4125 4292 4301 4304 4369 4378 4389 4451 4453 4460 4485 4504 4723 4729 4870 4891 4946 4947 4955 4971 4977 4992 5008 5082 5088 5111 5124 5129 5142 5184 5190 5270 5278 5279 5281 5285 5302 5349 5355 5398 5458 5462 5476 5506 5555 5563 5564 5571 5678 5698 5723 5789 5807 5820 5879 5888 5952 5967 6028 6059 6077 6085 6106 6143 6544 6640 6644 6652 7168 7190 7211 7307 7309 7320 7338 7416 7436 7442 7456 7469 7577 7578 7636 7670 8027 8028 8039 8139 8219 8276 8333 8344 8345 8376 8553 8561 8582 8599 8627 8741 8799 8900 8912 8919 8985 9032 9114 9119 9138 9169 9186 9201 9227 9231 9314 9365 9460 9568 9609 9664 9681 9721 9745 9761 9774 9776 9798 9801 9806 9821 9823 9865 9901 9947 9988 10011 10014 10022 10027 10029 10033 10043 10074 10117 10131 10137 10181 10188 10223 10286 10289 10307 10315 10318 10382 10405 10474 10479 10480 10491 10544 10567 10607 10629 10641 10657 10682 10685 10706 10734 10753 10821 10921 10947 10954 10992 10996 10998 11022 11062 11082 11102 11104 11110 11180 11223 11262 11268 11287 11307 11308 11321 11337 11347 11386 11429 11479 11489 11498 11575 11686 11751 11779 11785 11786 11854 11940 12300 12351 12591 12753 13352 13387 13441 13468 13509 13517 16699 17151 17299 17380 17511 17516 17558 17564 17607 17611 17710 17735 17749 17783 17813 17825 17849 17877 17898 17911 17936 17970 17988 17992 18007 18081 18102 18222 18238 18282 18363 18377 18395 18404 18406 18421 18429 18521 18537 18555 18582 18642 18652 18708 18777 18820 18858 18912 18920 19038 19089 19099 19152 19278 19405 19458 19513 19528 19533 19536 19603 19630 19641 19829 19885 19909 19925 19960 19979 20066 20108 20197 20225 20239 20295 20297 20324 20367 20440 20472 21435 22756 22808 22817 22824 22945 22953 22977 23138 23210 23226 23486 25294 25307 25316 25725 25902 25953 26072 26094 26167 26180 26195 26239 26264 26398 26427 26453 26553 26556 26567 26610 26879 26931 26960 26992 27083 27323 27341 27365 27403 27416 27429 27441 27549 27578 27608 27649 27655 27687 27729 27756 27830 27838 27845 27846 27855 27868 27889 27907 27939 27979 28005 28015 28039 28095 28102 28111 28113 28147 28168 28169 28174 28181 28196 28213 28251 28261 28281 28328 28330 28359 28389 28416 28417 28448 28453 28467 28482 28522 28524 28558 28561 28563 28607 28610 28611 28624 28644 28648 28671 29971 31285 31286 31308 31313 31316 31353 31375 31408 31451 31477 31514 31546 31587 31622 32388 32394 32413 32507 36463 36470 36506 36522 36728 36766 36767 36790 36804 36835 44652 44873 45043 48755 48883 48884 49024 49100 49118 49141https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/871/258?format=asciiX-rayUVOpticalInfraredRadiodefaultJ/ApJ/871/258/table2Newly discovered quasars at z>=2.8 in the ELQS-S samplerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRAJ2000Hour of right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainimag[16/18] SDSS i band dereddened AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_imag[0.01/0.07] Error on imagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatM1450[-29.5/-27.1] Absolute magnitude at 1450{AA}magphys.magAbs;em.UVfloatz[2.8/4.3] Spectroscopique redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatNUVmag[20/21.6]? GALEX near-UV magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.UVfloatnullablee_NUVmag[0.04/0.2]? Error on NUVmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableFUVmag[21/24]? GALEX far-UV magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.UVfloatnullablee_FUVmag[0.1/0.5]? Error on FUVmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableBAL[-1/1]? Visual qualitative Broad Absorption Line (BAL) identification flag (2)meta.codeintnullableDateUT date of observationtime.epoch;obsnullablef_DateFlag on Date (3)meta.codecharELQSDisplay data from the full ELQS catalogmeta.ref.urlcharJ/ApJ/871/258/elqsThe full Extremely Luminous Quasar Survey (ELQS) quasar catalogSDSSSDSS-DR9 designation (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS)meta.id;meta.maincharBAL[-1/1]? Broad Absorption Line flag (2)meta.codeintnullable2RXS[True False] Successful match with ROSAT 2RXS catalog?meta.codecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRASdeg[0.9/360] SDSS DR13 right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.raDESdeg[-22/79] SDSS DR13 declination (J2000)degpos.eq.decRAJ2000SDSS DR13 hour of right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000SDSS DR13 degree of declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainWISEAAllWISE survey designation (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS)meta.id.crosscharprimaryRAWdeg[0.9/360] AllWISE right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.raDEWdeg[-22/79] AllWISE declination (J2000)degpos.eq.decRefReference to quasar classification (1)meta.refcharz[2.8/4.7] Best redshift of quasar according to the referencesrc.redshiftfloatM1450[-31/-27.1] Absolute magnitude at 1450{AA} calculated using the k-correction determined in this workmagphys.magAbs;em.UVdoubleProb[0/1] Selection probability according to our completeness calculation (see Section 5.2 in Paper II; Schindler+, 2018, J/ApJ/863/144)meta.ref;pos.framedoubleumag[17.7/26.4] SDSS PSF u band dereddened AB magnitude (SDSS Asinh system)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ufloate_umag[0.01/3.7] 1{sigma} uncertainty in umagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatgmag[16.4/20.7] SDSS PSF g band dereddened AB magnitude (SDSS Asinh system)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloate_gmag[0.008/0.3] 1{sigma} uncertainty in gmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatrmag[15.3/19] SDSS PSF r band dereddened AB magnitude (SDSS Asinh system)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloate_rmag[0.008/0.2] 1{sigma} uncertainty in rmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatimag[14.8/18] SDSS PSF i band dereddened AB magnitude (SDSS Asinh system)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_imag[0.006/0.1] 1{sigma} uncertainty in imagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatzmag[14.5/18.1] SDSS PSF z band dereddened AB magnitude (SDSS Asinh system)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_zmag[0.01/0.2] 1{sigma} uncertainty in zmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatJmag[14.2/18.2] 2MASS J band dereddened AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloate_Jmag[0.02/0.3] 1{sigma} uncertainty in Jmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatHmag[14/19.1] 2MASS h band dereddened AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloate_Hmag[0.02/0.4]? 1{sigma} uncertainty in Hmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableKsmag[13.8/18.4] 2MASS Ks band dereddened AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloate_Ksmag[0.02/0.4]? 1{sigma} uncertainty in Ksmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableW1mag[13.7/18.2] WISE 3.4um band dereddened AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloate_W1mag[0.02/0.2] 1{sigma} uncertainty in W1magmagstat.error;phot.magfloatW2mag[13.8/18.2] WISE 4.6um band dereddened AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloate_W2mag[0.02/0.2] 1{sigma} uncertainty in W2magmagstat.error;phot.magfloatE(B-V)[0.006/0.7]? The (B-V) color excessmagphot.color.excessfloatnullableAi[0.006/1.2] Extinction in SDSS i bandmagphys.absorptionfloatFIRST[True False] Successful match with FIRST catalogmeta.codecharSepRad[1.6e-05/5.6e-04]? FIRST/SDSS position offsetarcsecpos;arith.diffdoublenullableF1.4GHz[1/2405]? FIRST 1.4GHz peak fluxmJy/beamphot.flux.density;em.radio.750-1500MHzfloatnullablee_F1.4GHz[0.1/0.6]? RMS error in F1.4GHzmJy/beamstat.errorfloatnullableGALEX[True False] Successful match with GALEX GR6/7 catalog?meta.codecharSepUV[0.09/1.8]? GALEX/SDSS position offsetarcsecpos;arith.difffloatnullableNUVmag[19.6/23.8]? GALEX near-UV band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.UVdoublenullablee_NUVmag[0.01/0.7]? Uncertainty in NUVmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableFUVmag[20.5/24]? GALEX far-UV band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.UVdoublenullablee_FUVmag[0.03/0.6]? Uncertainty in FUVmagmagstat.error;phot.magdoublenullableSepX[0/2.8e-14]? ROSAT/AllWISE position offsetarcsecpos;arith.diffdoublenullablef_2RXS[1]? Most probable AllWISE ROSAT 2RXS cross-match; 1.0meta.codefloatnullableFX[1.73e-13/1.07e-12]? ROSAT 2RXS flux; in erg/s/cm^2^ unitsmW.m**-2phot.flux;em.X-raydoublenullablee_FX[6.5e-14/3.6e-13]? Uncertainty in FXmW.m**-2stat.errordoublenullableQLF[True False] Included in quasar luminosity function? (see Section 6)meta.codecharELQS-NDisplay data from Paper II (Schindler+, 2018, J/ApJ/863/144)meta.ref.urlintnullableELQS-SDisplay data for this newly discovered z>=2.8 quasar in the ELQS-S sample (link to Table 2)meta.ref.urlintnullableSloanDisplay the online SDSS-DR9 data for the nearest objectmeta.ref.urlcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharNEDNED column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharJ/ApJ/871/258/table10Newly discovered quasars at z<2.8 in the ELQS samplerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRAJ2000[0/17] Hour of right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainimag[16.7/18] SDSS i band dereddened AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_imag[0.01/0.04] Error on imagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatM1450[-28.3/-26.1]? Absolute magnitude at 1450{AA}magphys.magAbs;em.UVfloatnullablez[1.5/2.8]? Spectroscopic redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatnullableNUVmag[21/22.6]? Near-UV magnitudemagphot.mag;em.UVfloatnullablee_NUVmag[0.1/0.4]? Error on NUVmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableDateUT date of observationtime.epoch;obsnullableSloanDisplay the online SDSS-DR9 data for the nearest objectmeta.ref.urlcharSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharJ/ApJ/871/258/table11Newly discovered quasars not part of the ELQS primary candidate catalogz[1.9/4.2]? Spectroscopic redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRAJ2000Hour of right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainimag[16.94/18.43] SDSS i band dereddened AB magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_imag[0.01/0.03] Error on imagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatM1450[-28.2/-25.8]? Absolute magnitude at 1450{AA}magphys.magAbs;em.UVfloatnullableDateUT date of observationtime.epoch;obsnullablef_Date[a]? a: also independently discovered by Yang+, 2016, J/ApJ/829/33meta.codecharSloanDisplay the online SDSS-DR9 data for the nearest objectmeta.ref.urlcharSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idchar