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<ri:Resource created="2021-01-04T10:30:27Z" status="active" updated="2025-05-19T09:50:00Z" version="1.2" xmlns:cs="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/ConeSearch/v1.0" xmlns:ri="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/RegistryInterface/v1.0" xmlns:vr="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VOResource/v1.0" xmlns:vs="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VODataService/v1.1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/ConeSearch/v1.0 http://vo.ari.uni-heidelberg.de/docs/schemata/ConeSearch.xsd http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VOResource/v1.0 http://vo.ari.uni-heidelberg.de/docs/schemata/VOResource.xsd http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VODataService/v1.1 http://vo.ari.uni-heidelberg.de/docs/schemata/VODataService.xsd" xsi:type="vs:CatalogService"><title>1-500um obs. of nearby luminous IR galaxies</title><shortName>J/ApJ/870/104</shortName><identifier>ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/870/104</identifier><altIdentifier>doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18700104</altIdentifier><curation><publisher ivo-id="ivo://CDS">CDS</publisher><creator><name>Shangguan J.</name></creator><creator><name>Ho L.C.</name></creator><creator><name>Li R.</name></creator><creator><name>Zhuang M.-Y.</name></creator><creator><name>Xie Y.</name></creator><creator><name>Li Z.</name></creator><date role="Updated">2021-06-17T13:01:56Z</date><date role="Created">2021-01-04T10:30:27Z</date><contact><name>CDS support team</name><address>CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France</address><email>cds-question@unistra.fr</email></contact></curation><content><subject>galaxies</subject><subject>infrared-sources</subject><subject>star-forming-regions</subject><subject>active-galactic-nuclei</subject><subject>interstellar-medium</subject><subject>redshifted</subject><description>The interstellar medium is a key ingredient that governs star formation in galaxies. We present a detailed study of the infrared (~1-500{mu}m) spectral energy distributions of a large sample of 193 nearby (z~&lt;0.088) luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs) covering a wide range of evolutionary stages along the merger sequence. The entire sample has been observed uniformly by 2MASS, WISE, Spitzer, and Herschel. We perform a multicomponent decomposition of the spectra to derive physical parameters of the interstellar medium, including the intensity of the interstellar radiation field and the mass and luminosity of the dust. We also constrain the presence and strength of nuclear dust heated by active galactic nuclei. The radiation field of LIRGs tends to have much higher intensity than that of quiescent galaxies, and it increases toward advanced merger stages as a result of the central concentration of the interstellar medium and star formation. The total gas mass is derived from the dust mass and the galaxy stellar mass. We find that the gas fraction of LIRGs is on average ~0.3 dex higher than that of main-sequence star-forming galaxies, rising moderately toward advanced merger stages. All LIRGs have star formation rates that place them above the galaxy star formation main sequence. Consistent with recent observations and numerical simulations, the global star formation efficiency of the sample spans a wide range, filling the gap between normal star-forming galaxies and extreme starburst systems.</description><source format="bibcode">2019ApJ...870..104S</source><referenceURL>https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/870/104</referenceURL><type>Catalog</type><contentLevel>Research</contentLevel><relationship><relationshipType>IsServedBy</relationshipType><relatedResource ivo-id="ivo://CDS.VizieR/TAP">TAP VizieR generic service</relatedResource></relationship><relationship><relationshipType>IsServedBy</relationshipType><relatedResource>Conesearch service</relatedResource></relationship></content><rights>https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.html</rights><capability><interface xsi:type="vr:WebBrowser"><accessURL use="full">https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/870/104</accessURL><mirrorURL title="VizieR at IUCAA: Pune, India">https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/870/104</mirrorURL><mirrorURL title="VizieR at SAAO: SAAO, South Africa">http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/870/104</mirrorURL></interface></capability><capability><interface xsi:type="vs:ParamHTTP"><accessURL use="base">https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/870/104</accessURL><mirrorURL title="VizieR at IUCAA: Pune, India">https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/870/104</mirrorURL><mirrorURL title="VizieR at SAAO: SAAO, South Africa">http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/870/104</mirrorURL><queryType>GET</queryType><resultType>text/xml+votable</resultType></interface></capability><capability standardID="ivo://ivoa.net/std/TAP#aux"><interface xsi:type="vs:ParamHTTP" role="std"><accessURL use="base">https://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tap</accessURL></interface></capability><capability xsi:type="cs:ConeSearch" standardID="ivo://ivoa.net/std/ConeSearch"><description>Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/870/104/table1 (Physical properties of the sample)</description><interface xsi:type="vs:ParamHTTP" role="std"><accessURL use="base">https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/870/104/table1?</accessURL><mirrorURL title="VizieR at IUCAA: Pune, India">https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/870/104/table1?</mirrorURL><mirrorURL title="VizieR at SAAO: SAAO, South Africa">http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/870/104/table1?</mirrorURL><queryType>GET</queryType><resultType>text/xml+votable</resultType></interface><maxSR>180.0</maxSR><maxRecords>50000</maxRecords><verbosity>true</verbosity><testQuery><ra>2.4725458</ra><dec>25.9237389</dec><sr>0.005555555555555556</sr></testQuery></capability><coverage><spatial>6/226 231 286 295 627 629 650 700 1276 1521 1701 1702 1865 1918 2309 2363 2433 2518 2680 3364 3446 3824 3934 4993 5116 5130 5523 5816 5865 6098 6348 6781 7552 7763 8106 8111 8266 8482 8562 8673 8997 9133 9770 9895 10081 10144 10210 10281 10404 10453 10465 10628 10716 11029 11101 11180 11206 11908 12537 13021 13184 13523 13632 14164 15323 15333 15570 16045 16091 16690 16755 16758 17075 17183 17252 17492 17506 17736 17754 17904 18406 18432 18714 18753 18897 18932 19283 19619 20061 20118 20208 20254 20371 20895 20896 21016 21416 21747 22468 22721 22792 23339 23921 24123 24144 24232 24293 24584 24631 24855 24958 25462 25610 26028 26035 26198 26264 26298 26324 26811 26932 27340 27537 28188 28393 28999 29439 29680 29937 30027 30383 30580 30810 30822 30879 31081 31158 31430 31503 32548 32740 34010 34397 34627 34695 35067 35576 35602 35608 36188 37113 37559 37564 37821 38129 38139 38246 38285 38786 38935 39472 39960 40801 41276 41430 41982 42010 42855 43078 43082 43107 43147 43298 43389 43564 43925 43994 44626 44671 45387 46077 46079 46130 46296 46794 46811 46882 47029 47162 47235 47543 47854 48665</spatial><footprint ivo-id="ivo://ivoa.net/std/moc">https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/870/104?format=ascii</footprint><waveband>Infrared</waveband></coverage><tableset><schema><name>default</name><table><name>J/ApJ/870/104/table1</name><description>Physical properties of the sample</description><column><name>recno</name><description>Record number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.</description><ucd>meta.record</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">int</dataType></column><column><name>Sp</name><description>Display Spitzer/IRS data for this source (link to Table 3)</description><ucd>meta.ref.url</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="1*">char</dataType></column><column><name>IRAS</name><description>Source identifier (IRAS FHHMMm+DDMM) from Chu et al. 2017, J/ApJS/229/25</description><ucd>meta.id;meta.main</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="11*">char</dataType><flag>primary</flag></column><column><name>f_IRAS</name><description>a = The fitting is not robust from the visual inspection</description><ucd>meta.code</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="1*">char</dataType></column><column><name>z</name><description>[0.003/0.09] Redshift from NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED)</description><ucd>src.redshift</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>DL</name><description>[16/413] Luminosity distance (1)</description><unit>Mpc</unit><ucd>pos.distance</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>Stage</name><description>Merger stage (2)</description><ucd>meta.code</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="1*">char</dataType></column><column><name>AGN</name><description>Type of nuclear activity</description><ucd>meta.code</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="1*">char</dataType></column><column><name>Ref</name><description>References for nuclear activity (3)</description><ucd>meta.ref</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="21*">char</dataType></column><column><name>logM*</name><description>[10.1/11.6] Stellar mass derived from optical color and J-band absolute magnitude (4)</description><unit>log(solMass)</unit><ucd>phys.mass</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>e_logM*</name><description>[0.2/0.3] Error on logM*</description><unit>log(solMass)</unit><ucd>stat.error</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>logT9-7</name><description>[-3.2/1.5] Optical depth at 9.7{mu}m</description><ucd>phys.absorption.opticalDepth</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>e_logT9-7</name><description>[0.01/1.8] Minimum error on logT9-7</description><ucd>stat.error</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>E_logT9-7</name><description>[0.01/3] Maximum error on logT9-7</description><ucd>stat.error;stat.max</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>logLtor</name><description>[42.3/45.9]? log of IR (8-1000{mu}m) luminosity of the torus derived from the SED fitting in erg/s</description><unit>log(1e-07W)</unit><ucd>phys.luminosity</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>e_logLtor</name><description>[0.01/2]? Minimum error on logLtor</description><unit>log(1e-07W)</unit><ucd>stat.error</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>E_logLtor</name><description>[0.01/3]? Maximum error on logLtor</description><unit>log(1e-07W)</unit><ucd>stat.error;stat.max</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>logLgal</name><description>[44.2/46.1] log of IR (8-1000{mu}m) luminosity of the host galaxy cold dust emission derived from the SED fitting in erg/s (5)</description><unit>log(1e-07W)</unit><ucd>phys.luminosity</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>e_logLgal</name><description>[0.01/0.3] Minimum error on logLgal</description><unit>log(1e-07W)</unit><ucd>stat.error</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>E_logLgal</name><description>[0.01/0.7] Maximum error on logLgal</description><unit>log(1e-07W)</unit><ucd>stat.error;stat.max</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>logUmin</name><description>[0.3/1.4] Best-fit minimum intensity of the interstellar radiation field relative to that measured in the solar neighborhood (6)</description><ucd>spect.line.intensity;arith.ratio</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>e_logUmin</name><description>[0/0.22]? 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Maximum error on logUmin</description><ucd>stat.error;stat.max</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>logMd</name><description>[7.0/8.9] Best-fit total dust mass</description><unit>log(solMass)</unit><ucd>phys.mass</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>e_logMd</name><description>[0.01/0.23] Minimum error on logMd</description><unit>log(solMass)</unit><ucd>stat.error</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>E_logMd</name><description>[0.01/0.23] Maximum error on logMd</description><unit>log(solMass)</unit><ucd>stat.error;stat.max</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>logGDR</name><description>[2/2.2] Gas-to-dust ratio</description><ucd>phys.mass;arith.ratio</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>logMgas</name><description>[9.2/11] Total gas mass including helium and heavier elements</description><unit>log(solMass)</unit><ucd>phys.mass</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>e_logMgas</name><description>[0.2/0.3] Error on logMgas</description><unit>log(solMass)</unit><ucd>stat.error</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>logSFR</name><description>[0.7/2.6] Star formation rate calculated from logLgal (7)</description><unit>log(solMass.yr**-1)</unit><ucd>phys.SFR;meta.modelled</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>e_logSFR</name><description>[0.01/0.2] Minimum error on logSFR</description><unit>log(solMass.yr**-1)</unit><ucd>stat.error;phys.SFR</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>E_logSFR</name><description>[0.01/0.4] Maximum error on logSFR</description><unit>log(solMass.yr**-1)</unit><ucd>stat.error;stat.max</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>S13</name><description>Display data from Stierwalt+, 2013, J/ApJS/206/1</description><ucd>meta.ref.url</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="*">char</dataType></column><column><name>SimbadName</name><description>Simbad column added by the CDS</description><ucd>meta.id</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="18*">char</dataType></column><column><name>NED</name><description>NED column added by the CDS</description><ucd>meta.ref.url</ucd><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="*">char</dataType></column><column><name>_RA</name><description>Right Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)</description><unit>deg</unit><ucd>pos.eq.ra;meta.main</ucd></column><column><name>_DE</name><description>Declination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)</description><unit>deg</unit><ucd>pos.eq.dec;meta.main</ucd></column></table><table><name>J/ApJ/870/104/table3</name><description>Objects with Spitzer/IRS spectra (Appendix A)</description><column><name>recno</name><description>Record number assigned by the VizieR team. 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