J/ApJ/865/68ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/865/68doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18650068CDSBedell M.Bean J.L.Melendez J.Spina L.Ramirez I.Asplund M.,Alves-Brito A.dos Santos L.Dreizler S.Yong D.Monroe T.,Casagrande L.2019-09-30T11:56:40Z2019-09-30T12:30:51ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frchemical-abundancesline-intensitiesg-starsvisible-astronomyspectroscopyThe compositions of stars are a critical diagnostic tool for many topics in astronomy such as the evolution of our Galaxy, the formation of planets, and the uniqueness of the Sun. Previous spectroscopic measurements indicate a large intrinsic variation in the elemental abundance patterns of stars with similar overall metal content. However, systematic errors arising from inaccuracies in stellar models are known to be a limiting factor in such studies, and thus it is uncertain to what extent the observed diversity of stellar abundance patterns is real. Here we report the abundances of 30 elements with precisions of 2% for 79 Sun-like stars within 100pc. Systematic errors are minimized in this study by focusing on solar twin stars and performing a line-by-line differential analysis using high-resolution, high-signal-to-noise spectra. We resolve [X/Fe] abundance trends in galactic chemical evolution at precisions of 10^-3^dex/Gyr and reveal that stars with similar ages and metallicities have nearly identical abundance patterns. Contrary to previous results, we find that the ratios of carbon-to-oxygen and magnesium-to-silicon in solar-metallicity stars are homogeneous to within 10% throughout the solar neighborhood, implying that exoplanets may exhibit much less compositional diversity than previously thought. Finally, we demonstrate that the Sun has a subtle deficiency in refractory material relative to >80% of solar twins (at 2{sigma} confidence), suggesting a possible signpost for planetary systems like our own.2018ApJ...865...68Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/865/68CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/259 : The Tycho-2 Catalogue (Hog+ 2000)J/ApJ/622/1102 : The planet-metallicity correlation. (Fischer+, 2005)J/ApJS/159/141 : Spectroscopic properties of cool stars. I. (Valenti+, 2005)J/A+A/508/L17 : Abundances in solar analogs (Ramirez+, 2009)J/ApJ/715/1050 : Predicted abundances for extrasolar planets. I. (Bond+, 2010)J/ApJ/725/2349 : C/O vs Mg/Si of planetary systems (Delgado Mena+, 2010)J/A+A/523/A15 : HARPS XXIII: RV data for the 8 targets (Naef+, 2010)J/A+A/530/A138 : Geneva-Copenhagen survey re-analysis (Casagrande+, 2011)J/ApJ/735/41 : Carbon and oxygen abundances in FGK stars (Petigura+, 2011)J/ApJ/732/55 : Abundances of stars with planets (Schuler+, 2011)J/A+A/545/A32 : Chemical abundances of 1111 FGK stars (Adibekyan+, 2012)J/A+A/552/A6 : F-G main-sequence star abundances (Gonzalez Hernandez+, 2013)J/ApJ/764/78 : Oxygen abundances in nearby FGK stars (Ramirez+, 2013)J/ApJ/795/23 : Line list for stellar chemical abundances (Bedell+, 2014)J/A+A/562/A71 : Abundances of solar neighbourhood dwarfs (Bensby+, 2014)J/A+A/583/A94 : [X/Fe] scatter derived for spectral lines (Adibekyan+, 2015)J/A+A/591/A34 : Chemical abundances of zeta Reticuly (Adibekyan+, 2016)J/ApJ/831/20 : C/O and Mg/Si for solar neighborhood's stars (Brewer+, 2016)J/ApJ/819/19 : Equivalent widths of WASP-94A and WASP-94B (Teske+, 2016)J/A+A/605/A89 : Microlensed Bulge dwarf star abundances. VI. (Bensby+, 2017)J/MNRAS/474/2580 : Evolution of neutron-capture elements (Spina+, 2018)J/A+A/614/A84 : C/O vs Mg/Si ratios in solar type stars (Suarez-Andres+, 2018)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/865/68https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/865/68http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/865/68https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/865/68https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/865/68http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/865/68GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/865/68/table2 (Abundances)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/865/68/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/865/68/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/865/68/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true32.716996413.68327470.0055555555555555566/222 548 4128 4206 4313 4665 8244 8286 8614 8792 12890 17301 17341 17572 17587 17721 17929 18209 18373 19491 21114 21177 21516 23583 23661 23780 23873 25854 26160 26496 26888 27254 29422 29900 30878 30894 31029 31433 31945 33252 34983 35954 36453 36517 36590 36635 37515 37944 38279 38562 39557 39570 39576 39693 39801 39854 40105 40892 41935 42157 42228 42887 43105 43327 43845 43929 44131 45182 46056 46193 46487 46681 46734 46933 47137 47194 48310 48607 49114https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/865/68?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/865/68/ewsEquivalent width measurementsn_lambdaNote on lambda (1)meta.notecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameHIP number or "Sun"meta.id;meta.maincharlambda[4082.9/7775.4] Rest wavelength of line in Angstroms0.1nmem.wl;spect.linedoublef_lambdaSource flag (2)meta.codecharIon[6/106] Species identifier (3)phys.atmol.ionStagefloatEP[0/9.2] Excitation potentialeVphys.atmol.excitationfloatlog(gf)[-5.8/0.6] Log of the oscillator strengthphys.atmol.oscStrengthfloatEW[5/130]? Measured equivalent width1e-13mspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullableJ/ApJ/865/68/table2AbundancesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameHIP numbermeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryEWsDisplay the equivalent width measurements for this starphys.abund;arith.diffchar[CI/H][-0.17/0.18] Differential abundance of species CI relative to Solarphys.abund;arith.difffloate_[CI/H][0.003/0.06] Estimated uncertainty in [CI/H]stat.error;phys.abundfloat[CH/H][-0.2/0.1] Differential abundance of species CH relative to Solarphys.abund;arith.difffloate_[CH/H][0.003/0.03] Estimated uncertainty in [CH/H]stat.error;phys.abundfloat[OI/H][-0.11/0.2]? Differential abundance of species OI relative to Solarphys.abund;arith.difffloatnullablee_[OI/H][0.003/0.03]? Estimated uncertainty in [OI/H]stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullable[NaI/H][-0.16/0.13] Differential abundance of species NaI relative to Solarphys.abund;arith.difffloate_[NaI/H][0.003/0.03] Estimated uncertainty in [NaI/H]stat.error;phys.abundfloat[MgI/H][-0.11/0.21] Differential abundance of species MgI relative to Solarphys.abund;arith.difffloate_[MgI/H][0.003/0.03] Estimated uncertainty in [MgI/H]stat.error;phys.abundfloat[AlI/H][-0.13/0.23] Differential abundance of species AlI relative to Solarphys.abund;arith.difffloate_[AlI/H][0.001/0.03] Estimated uncertainty in [AlI/H]stat.error;phys.abundfloat[SiI/H][-0.12/0.13] Differential abundance of species SiI relative to Solarphys.abund;arith.difffloate_[SiI/H][0.002/0.006] Estimated uncertainty in [SiI/H]stat.error;phys.abundfloat[SI/H][-0.15/0.18] Differential abundance of species SI relative to Solarphys.abund;arith.difffloate_[SI/H][0.003/0.05] Estimated uncertainty in [SI/H]stat.error;phys.abundfloat[CaI/H][-0.11/0.15] Differential abundance of species CaI relative to Solarphys.abund;arith.difffloate_[CaI/H][0.003/0.02] Estimated uncertainty in [CaI/H]stat.error;phys.abundfloat[ScI/H][-0.13/0.14] Differential abundance of species ScI relative to Solarphys.abund;arith.difffloate_[ScI/H][0.004/0.03] Estimated uncertainty in [ScI/H]stat.error;phys.abundfloat[ScII/H][-0.13/0.2] Differential abundance of species ScII relative to Solarphys.abund;arith.difffloate_[ScII/H][0.005/0.03] Estimated uncertainty in [ScII/H]stat.error;phys.abundfloat[TiI/H][-0.11/0.17] Differential abundance of species TiI relative to Solarphys.abund;arith.difffloate_[TiI/H][0.003/0.02] Estimated uncertainty in [TiI/H]stat.error;phys.abundfloat[TiII/H][-0.12/0.17] Differential abundance of species TiII relative to Solarphys.abund;arith.difffloate_[TiII/H][0.004/0.02] Estimated uncertainty in [TiII/H]stat.error;phys.abundfloat[VI/H][-0.13/0.14] Differential abundance of species VI relative to Solarphys.abund;arith.difffloate_[VI/H][0.003/0.02] Estimated uncertainty in [VI/H]stat.error;phys.abundfloat[CrI/H][-0.16/0.15] Differential abundance of species CrI relative to Solarphys.abund;arith.difffloate_[CrI/H][0.003/0.02] Estimated uncertainty in [CrI/H]stat.error;phys.abundfloat[CrII/H][-0.15/0.14] Differential abundance of species CrII relative to Solarphys.abund;arith.difffloate_[CrII/H][0.004/0.02] Estimated uncertainty in [CrII/H]stat.error;phys.abundfloat[MnI/H][-0.24/0.13] Differential abundance of species MnI relative to Solarphys.abund;arith.difffloate_[MnI/H][0.003/0.02] Estimated uncertainty in [MnI/H]stat.error;phys.abundfloat[CoI/H][-0.13/0.13] Differential abundance of species CoI relative to Solarphys.abund;arith.difffloate_[CoI/H][0.003/0.02] Estimated uncertainty in [CoI/H]stat.error;phys.abundfloat[NiI/H][-0.15/0.14] Differential abundance of species NiI relative to Solarphys.abund;arith.difffloate_[NiI/H][0.002/0.01] Estimated uncertainty in [NiI/H]stat.error;phys.abundfloat[CuI/H][-0.17/0.18] Differential abundance of species CuI relative to Solarphys.abund;arith.difffloate_[CuI/H][0.002/0.06] Estimated uncertainty in [CuI/H]stat.error;phys.abundfloat[ZnI/H][-0.16/0.2] Differential abundance of species ZnI relative to Solarphys.abund;arith.difffloate_[ZnI/H][0.004/0.04] Estimated uncertainty in [ZnI/H]stat.error;phys.abundfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main