J/ApJ/846/34ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/846/34doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18460034CDSAbdollahi S.Ackermann M.Ajello M.Albert A.Baldini L.Ballet J.,Barbiellini G.Bastieri D.Becerra Gonzalez J.Bellazzini R.,Bissaldi E.Blandford R.D.Bloom E.D.Bonino R.Bottacini E.,Bregeon J.Bruel P.Buehler R.Buson S.Cameron R.A.Caragiulo M.,Caraveo P.A.Cavazzuti E.Cecchi C.Chekhtman A.Cheung C.C.Chiaro G.,Ciprini S.Conrad J.Costantin D.Costanza F.Cutini S.D'Ammando F.,de Palma F.Desai A.Desiante R.Digel S.W.Di Lalla N.Di Mauro M.,Di Venere L.Donaggio B.Drell P.S.Favuzzi C.Fegan S.J.Ferrara E.C.,Focke W.B.Franckowiak A.Fukazawa Y.Funk S.Fusco P.Gargano F.,Gasparrini D.Giglietto N.Giomi M.Giordano F.Giroletti M.,Glanzman T.Green D.Grenier I.A.Grove J.E.Guillemot L.Guiriec S.,Hays E.Horan D.Jogler T.Johannesson G.Johnson A.S.Kocevski D.,Kuss M.La Mura G.Larsson S.Latronico L.Li J.Longo F.Loparco F.,Lovellette M.N.Lubrano P.Magill J.D.Maldera S.Manfreda A.Mayer M.,Mazziotta M.N.Michelson P.F.Mitthumsiri W.Mizuno T.Monzani M.E.,Morselli A.Moskalenko I.V.Negro M.Nuss E.Ohsugi T.Omodei N.,Orienti M.Orlando E.Paliya V.S.Paneque D.Perkins J.S.Persic M.,Pesce-Rollins M.Petrosian V.Piron F.Porter T.A.Principe G.,Raino S.Rando R.Razzano M.Razzaque S.Reimer A.Reimer O.Sgro C.,Simone D.Siskind E.J.Spada F.Spandre G.Spinelli P.Stawarz L.,Suson D.J.Takahashi M.Tanaka K.Thayer J.B.Thompson D.J.,Torres D.F.Torresi E.Tosti G.Troja E.Vianello G.Wood K.S.2018-09-25T12:04:09Z2018-05-28T09:52:22ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgamma-ray-astronomyactive-galactic-nucleibl-lacertae-objectsquasarsastronomical-object-identificationWe present the second catalog of flaring gamma-ray sources (2FAV) detected with the Fermi All-sky Variability Analysis (FAVA), a tool that blindly searches for transients over the entire sky observed by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. With respect to the first FAVA catalog, this catalog benefits from a larger data set, the latest LAT data release (Pass 8), as well as from an improved analysis that includes likelihood techniques for a more precise localization of the transients. Applying this analysis to the first 7.4 years of Fermi observations, and in two separate energy bands 0.1-0.8GeV and 0.8-300GeV, a total of 4547 flares were detected with significance greater than 6{sigma} (before trials), on the timescale of one week. Through spatial clustering of these flares, 518 variable gamma-ray sources were identified. Based on positional coincidence, likely counterparts have been found for 441 sources, mostly among the blazar class of active galactic nuclei. For 77 2FAV sources, no likely gamma-ray counterpart has been found. For each source in the catalog, we provide the time, location, and spectrum of each flaring episode. Studying the spectra of the flares, we observe a harder-when-brighter behavior for flares associated with blazars, with the exception of BL Lac flares detected in the low-energy band. The photon indexes of the flares are never significantly smaller than 1.5. For a leptonic model, and under the assumption of isotropy, this limit suggests that the spectrum of freshly accelerated electrons is never harder than p~2.2017ApJ...846...34Ahttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/846/34CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toVII/274 : The Roma BZCAT - 5th edition (Massaro+, 2015)J/ApJS/123/79 : Third EGRET catalog (3EG) (Hartman+, 1999)J/AJ/133/2487 : VERA 22GHz Fringe Search Survey (Petrov+, 2007)J/A+A/506/1563 : First AGILE catalog of gamma-ray sources (Pittori+, 2009)J/ApJ/718/587 : The Fermi-AT20G catalog (Mahony+, 2010)J/ApJ/722/520 : Gamma-ray light curves of Fermi blazars (Abdo+, 2010)J/ApJS/188/405 : Fermi-LAT first source catalog (1FGL) (Abdo+, 2010)J/ApJS/199/31 : Fermi LAT second source catalog (2FGL) (Nolan+, 2012)J/ApJ/771/57 : FAVA Fermi-LAT flaring gamma-ray sources (Ackermann+, 2013)J/MNRAS/441/1899 : Fermi bright blazars (Fuhrmann+, 2014)J/A+A/558/A137 : AGILE bright gamma-ray sources (Verrecchia+, 2013)J/ApJS/217/2 : Refined associations of Fermi/LAT sources (Massaro+, 2015)J/ApJS/218/23 : Fermi LAT third source catalog (3FGL) (Acero+, 2015)J/ApJ/810/14 : Third catalog of LAT-detected AGNs (3LAC) (Ackermann+, 2015)J/ApJ/838/139 : Radio follow-up on 3FGL unassociated sources (Schinzel+, 2017)http://fermi.gsfc.nasa.gov/ssc/data/access/lat/fava_catalog/ : 2FAV home pagehttp://www.asdc.asi.it/fava/ : Online interactive FAVA cataloghttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/846/34https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/846/34http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/846/34https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/846/34https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/846/34http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/846/34GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/846/34/table2 (List of the second catalog of flaring gamma-ray sources (2FAV) sources)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/846/34/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/846/34/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/846/34/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true0.3920.650.0055555555555555566/42 60 110 438 514 521 556 579 665 893 911 968 1128 1263 1482 1546 1593 1701 1782 2140 2143 2228 2330 2331 2334 2404 2414 2439 2661 2836 3024 3216 3308 3402 3404 3712 3820 3823 3841 3882 3951 4100 4572 4695 4770 4820 5153 5162 5284 5353 5371 5391 5423 5447 5458 5460 5597 5769 5771 5795 5817 5819 5870 6018 6101 6153 6164 6368 6579 6647 6777 6888 7004 7045 7212 7226 7245 7336 7347 7446 7452 7570 7653 7709 7725 7896 7969 8004 8031 8057 8091 8100 8299 8324 8466 8699 8805 9003 9075 9204 9245 9258 9431 9460 9463 9545 9570 9612 9629 9633 9676 9711 9714 9723 9773 9998 10006 10035 10121 10250 10294 10303 10352 10422 10474 10522 10526 10563 10675 10681 11045 11177 11430 11457 11523 11594 11631 11639 11640 11649 11804 11965 12109 12113 12277 12440 12466 12604 12619 12625 12842 12910 13273 13279 13410 13485 13572 13582 13732 13927 14068 14608 14629 14641 14692 14751 14797 14842 14854 15003 15023 15192 15284 15372 15520 15969 16027 16272 16281 16298 16720 16971 17184 17186 17364 17377 17414 17541 17860 17917 17927 17944 17982 18035 18053 18132 18457 18624 18718 18755 18821 19088 19212 19370 19398 19524 19622 19831 19857 19907 19910 19918 20015 20099 20130 20141 20225 20398 20547 20604 20610 20657 20783 20836 20888 20929 20940 21121 21266 21276 21358 21564 21768 21793 21873 21907 21934 21960 21972 22066 22083 22247 22271 22298 22305 22396 22501 22658 22730 22767 22825 22828 22917 22950 22953 23014 23099 23121 23215 23345 23410 23691 23728 23786 23897 23932 24081 24123 24185 24260 24444 24592 24608 24687 24819 24845 25196 25501 25562 25630 25649 25673 25677 25750 25818 25835 25857 26021 26131 26271 26292 26294 26340 26442 26798 26898 26907 27060 27223 27242 27310 27360 27410 27413 27433 27509 27541 27811 27961 28083 28090 28091 28117 28139 28463 28479 28517 28555 28673 28730 29016 29072 29114 29505 29570 29608 29772 29828 29876 29969 30446 30667 30865 31079 31167 31391 31664 31894 32279 32311 32646 32660 32712 32832 33008 33238 33560 33564 33570 33679 33774 33881 34012 34085 34111 34122 34123 34244 34264 34428 34461 34517 34528 34569 34572 34675 34871 34931 34968 35078 35093 35281 35365 35484 35801 36058 36090 36110 36151 36196 36370 36554 36665 36708 36877 36941 37215 37379 37505 37512 37519 37529 37628 37682 37686 37829 37994 38046 38277 38579 38715 38759 38766 38787 38802 38955 39002 39007 39304 39489 39542 39588 39594 39602 39724 39848 39963 40096 40194 40412 40423 40755 40762 40949 41005 41047 41072 41179 41269 41335 41511 41524 41543 41627 41654 41713 41731 42105 42256 42261 42481 42571 42901 42980 43085 43116 43122 43211 43366 43369 43451 43822 43914 44043 44069 44128 44140 44170 44247 44526 44664 44669 44705 44724 44902 44908 45081 45178 45196 45401 45406 45491 45681 45713 45737 45774 45972 46055 46251 46369 46445 46446 46448 46547 46721 46744 46835 46852 46963 46964 46965 47014 47016 47031 47151 47222 47249 47277 47352 47463 47512 47533 47542 47564 47605 47912 48023 48123 48352 48578 48593 48676 48685 48955 49071 49088https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/846/34?format=asciiGamma-raydefaultJ/ApJ/846/34/table2List of the second catalog of flaring gamma-ray sources (2FAV) sourcesSimbadNameDesignations for associations at other wavelengths understandable by SIMBADmeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordint2FAVFAVA identification (JHHMM+DD.d)meta.id;meta.maincharprimaryf_2FAV[f] f: sources localized solely by the photometric FAVA analysismeta.codecharRAJ2000Right Ascension of Source (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination of Source (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainGLONGalactic Longitude of Source (J2000)degpos.galactic.lonGLATGalactic Latitude of Source (J2000)degpos.galactic.latfloatr95[0.04/1.8] Statistical error on the source position at 95% confidence leveldegstat.errorfloatNf[1/301] Total number of flaresmeta.numberintNhe[0/83] Number of high-energy flaresmeta.numberintNneg[0/235] Number of negative flaresmeta.numberintRs[0.1/2.3] Search radius used in the association proceduredegmeta.id.assoc;phys.angSizefloatGAssocCounterpart found in the gamma-ray catalogsmeta.id.assoccharf_GAssoc[*] *: no significant weekly variability was detected for the source in the 1FGL, 2FGL, or 3FGL catalogsmeta.codecharn_GAssocDisplay the possible 3FGL counterpart for this source (table 4)meta.ref.urlcharAssocCounterpart at other wavelengthsmeta.id.crosscharClassClass of the counterpart (1)src.classcharATel? ATel number for Fermi-LAT flare alertsmeta.bibintnullableNEDNED column added by the CDSmeta.numbercharJ/ApJ/846/34/table4List of 2FAV sources that have been associated with 2FGL sources and the possible 3FGL counterpart of the associationsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordint2FAVSource identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharRs[0.1/0.5] Search radius used in the association proceduredegmeta.id.assoc;phys.angSizefloat2FGL2FGL counterpart (JHHMM.m+DDMM)meta.id.assocchar2Sep[0.02/0.2] 2FGL distance from the 2FAV sourcedegpos.angDistancefloat2Var[15.3/121.3] 2FGL variability indexmeta.code;src.var.indexfloat3FGL3FGL counterpart (JHHMM.m+DDMM)meta.id.assocchar3Sep[0.02/0.2]? 3FGL distance from the 2FAV sourcedegpos.angDistancefloatnullable3Var[56.6/66.6]? 3FGL variability indexmeta.code;src.var.indexfloatnullable