J/ApJ/836/60ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/836/60doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18360060CDSLunnan R.Kasliwal M.M.Cao Y.Hangard L.Yaron O.Parrent J.T.,McCully C.Gal-Yam A.Mulchaey J.S.Ben-Ami S.Filippenko A.V.,Fremling C.Fruchter A.S.Howell D.A.Koda J.Kupfer T.Kulkarni S.R.,Laher R.Masci F.Nugent P.E.Ofek E.O.Yagi M.Yan L.2023-03-10T07:45:20Z2017-10-16T08:03:07ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomybroad-band-photometrysupernovaeWe present the Palomar Transient Factory discoveries and the photometric and spectroscopic observations of PTF11kmb and PTF12bho. We show that both transients have properties consistent with the class of calcium-rich gap transients, specifically lower peak luminosities and rapid evolution compared to ordinary supernovae, and a nebular spectrum dominated by [CaII] emission. A striking feature of both transients is their host environments: PTF12bho is an intracluster transient in the Coma Cluster, while PTF11kmb is located in a loose galaxy group, at a physical offset ~150kpc from the most likely host galaxy. Deep Subaru imaging of PTF12bho rules out an underlying host system to a limit of M_R_>-8.0mag, while Hubble Space Telescope imaging of PTF11kmb reveals a marginal counterpart that, if real, could be either a background galaxy or a globular cluster. We show that the offset distribution of Ca-rich gap transients is significantly more extreme than that seen for SNe Ia or even short-hard gamma-ray bursts (sGRBs). Thus, if the offsets are caused by a kick, they require higher kick velocities and/or longer merger times than sGRBs. We also show that almost all Ca-rich transients found to date are in group and cluster environments with elliptical host galaxies, indicating a very old progenitor population; the remote locations could partially be explained by these environments having the largest fraction of stars in the intragroup/intracluster light following galaxy-galaxy interactions.2017ApJ...836...60Lhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/836/60CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicerelated-toJ/ApJ/496/39 : Properties of poor groups of galaxies. I. (Zabludoff+ 1998)J/ApJ/560/566 : K-band galaxy luminosity function from 2MASS (Kochanek+, 2001)J/AJ/132/1729 : Hubble Ultra Deep Field BVI-dropout sources (Beckwith+, 2006)J/ApJS/171/101 : GCs in the ACS Virgo cluster survey (Jordan+, 2007)J/ApJ/696/870 : Catalina Real-time Transient Survey (CRTS) (Drake+, 2009)J/ApJ/769/39 : SN Ibn PS1-12sk optical and NIR light curves (Sanders+, 2013)J/A+A/593/A68 : PTF12os and iPTF13bvn spectra & light curves (Fremling+, 2016)J/ApJ/827/90 : Spectroscopy of SNe Ib, IIb and Ic (Liu+, 2016)J/ApJS/225/11 : Subaru-UDGs in the Coma cluster (Yagi+, 2016)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/836/60https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/836/60http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/836/60https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/836/60https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/836/60http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/836/60GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/836/60/table1Photometry of PTF11kmb and PTF12bhoIDObject identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintMJDModified Julian Date of observationdtime.epochfloatTelTelescope code (2)meta.code;instr.telcharPhaseRest-frame phasedtime.phasefloatFiltFilter used in the observation (Bgri)instr.setup;obscharmag[18.7/22.1] Apparent AB magnitude in Filt (1)magphot.magfloate_mag[0.02/0.4] Uncertainty in magmagstat.error;phot.magfloat