H{alpha} emission in nearby M dwarfs J/ApJ/834/85 ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/834/85 doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18340085 CDS Newton E.R. Irwin J. Charbonneau D. Berlind P. Calkins M.L. Mink J. 2017-07-19T07:29:19Z 2017-06-20T08:17:02Z CDS support team CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France cds-question@unistra.fr stellar-masses stellar-radii line-intensities m-stars The high-energy emission from low-mass stars is mediated by the magnetic dynamo. Although the mechanisms by which fully convective stars generate large-scale magnetic fields are not well understood, it is clear that, as for solar-type stars, stellar rotation plays a pivotal role. We present 270 new optical spectra of low-mass stars in the Solar Neighborhood. Combining our observations with those from the literature, our sample comprises 2202 measurements or non-detections of H{alpha} emission in nearby M dwarfs. This includes 466 with photometric rotation periods. Stars with masses between 0.1 and 0.6M_{sun}_ are well-represented in our sample, with fast and slow rotators of all masses. We observe a threshold in the mass-period plane that separates active and inactive M dwarfs. The threshold coincides with the fast-period edge of the slowly rotating population, at approximately the rotation period at which an era of rapid rotational evolution appears to cease. The well-defined active/inactive boundary indicates that H{alpha} activity is a useful diagnostic for stellar rotation period, e.g., for target selection for exoplanet surveys, and we present a mass-period relation for inactive M dwarfs. We also find a significant, moderate correlation between L_H{alpha}_/L_bol_ and variability amplitude: more active stars display higher levels of photometric variability. Consistent with previous work, our data show that rapid rotators maintain a saturated value of L_H{alpha}_/L_bol_. Our data also show a clear power-law decay in L_H{alpha}_/L_bol_ with Rossby number for slow rotators, with an index of -1.7+/-0.1. 2017ApJ...834...85N https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/834/85 Catalog Research IsServedBy TAP VizieR generic service IsServedBy Conesearch service related-to I/298 : LSPM-North Catalog (Lepine+ 2005) J/ApJ/821/93 : Rotation + Galactic kinematics of mid M dwarfs (Newton+, 2016) J/ApJ/818/153 : MEarth photometry: nearby M-dwarf magnitudes (Dittmann+, 2016) J/ApJ/812/3 : MEarth mid-to-late M dwarfs rotation + kinematics (West+, 2015) J/A+A/577/A128 : CARMENES input catalog of M dwarfs. I (Alonso-Floriano+, 2015) J/ApJ/795/161 : Activity & rotation in Praesepe and the Hyades (Douglas+, 2014) J/MNRAS/443/2561 : CONCH-SHELL catalog of nearby M dwarfs (Gaidos+, 2014) J/AJ/148/30 : BVI photometry of 350 Pleiades stars (Kamai+, 2014) J/ApJS/211/24 : Rotation periods of Kepler MS stars (McQuillan+, 2014) J/ApJ/784/156 : Parallaxes for nearby mid-to-late M dwarfs (Dittmann+, 2014) J/AJ/147/20 : Spectroscopy of 447 nearby M dwarfs (Newton+, 2014) J/MNRAS/432/1203 : Rotation periods of M-dwarf stars (McQuillan+, 2013) J/MNRAS/431/2063 : UV/X-ray activity of M dwarfs within 10pc (Stelzer+, 2013) J/AJ/145/102 : Spectro. of bright M dwarfs in the northern sky (Lepine+, 2013) J/AcA/63/53 : ASAS photometry of ROSAT sources. II. (Kiraga+, 2013) J/ApJ/757/112 : Stellar diameters. II. K and M-stars (Boyajian+, 2012) J/MNRAS/423/2966 : Low-mass stars spectroscopy in NGC 2516 (Jackson+, 2012) J/ApJS/200/15 : HARPS-TERRA project. I. (Anglada-Escude+, 2012) J/AJ/143/93 : Rotational velocities in early-M stars (Reiners+, 2012) J/ApJ/746/23 : Radio observations of ultracool dwarf stars (McLean+, 2012) J/ApJ/743/48 : Stellar rotation periods and X-ray luminosities (Wright+, 2011) J/A+A/532/A10 : RACE-OC project. II. (Messina+, 2011) J/AJ/141/97 : SDSS DR7 M dwarfs (West+, 2011) J/MNRAS/407/2269 : Polarisation of a sample of late M dwarfs (Morin+, 2010) J/ApJ/699/649 : Young M dwarfs within 25pc. I. (Shkolnik+, 2009) J/MNRAS/390/545 : Magnetic field and velocity of early M dwarfs (Donati+, 2008) J/AJ/133/2825 : Star beyond the NLTT catalog (Reid+, 2007) J/A+A/467/785 : SuperWASP/ROSAT periodic variable stars (Norton+, 2007) J/ApJ/648/629 : Radio observations of late M, L, and T dwarfs (Berger+, 2006) J/AJ/132/866 : New M dwarfs in solar neighborhood (Riaz+, 2006) J/A+A/446/515 : Distances of nearby ultracool dwarfs (Phan-Bao+, 2006) J/AJ/130/1871 : Spectroscopic survey of M dwarfs (Bochanski+, 2005) J/AJ/130/1680 : LSPM-North proper-motion catalog nearby stars (Lepine+, 2005) J/AJ/128/426 : Subdwarfs in the SDSS (West+, 2004) J/AJ/125/1598 : New high PM stars in the northern sky (Lepine+, 2003) J/A+A/397/147 : Activity-rotation relationship in stars (Pizzolato+ 2003) J/AJ/123/3356 : Palomar/MSU nearby star spectrosc. survey. III. (Gizis+, 2002) J/AJ/123/2828 : Spectroscopy of northern NLTT stars (Cruz+, 2002) J/MNRAS/301/1031 : High resolution spectra of VLM stars (Tinney+ 1998) J/A+A/331/581 : Rotation and activity in field M dwarfs (Delfosse+ 1998) https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.html https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/834/85 https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/834/85 http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/834/85 https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/834/85 https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/834/85 http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/834/85 GET text/xml+votable https://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tap Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/834/85/table1 (Magnetic activity measurements and rotation periods for nearby northern M dwarfs) https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/834/85/table1? https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/834/85/table1? http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/834/85/table1? 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Should Not be used for identification. meta.record int 2MASS 2MASS identifier (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs; J2000) meta.id;meta.main char RAJ2000 Hour of Right Ascension (J2000) pos.eq.ra;meta.main DEJ2000 Degree of Declination (J2000) pos.eq.dec;meta.main Mass [0.05/0.9] Stellar mass solMass phys.mass float Rad [0.07/0.9] Stellar radius solRad phys.size.radius float chi [0.1/8.4]? {chi} parameter times 10-5 (1) stat.fit.param float nullable Per [0.1/151]? Photometric rotation period d time.period double nullable r_Per ADS bibcode for Per meta.ref;pos.frame char EWHa [-28/0.5]? H{alpha} equivalent width, this work 0.1nm spect.line.eqWidth float nullable e_EWHa [0.01/0.7]? Error in EWHa 0.1nm stat.error float nullable EWHa-r [-28/1.3]? H{alpha} EW adopted in restricted sample 0.1nm spect.line.eqWidth float nullable e_EWHa-r [0/5.121]? Error in EWHa-r 0.1nm stat.error float nullable r_EWHa-r ADS bibcode for EWHa-r meta.ref;pos.frame char logLHa [-0.6/5]? log LH{alpha}/Lbol x10-4 relative to "quiescent" level phys.luminosity;em.line.Halpha float nullable l_EWHa-u [0/1] Upper limit flag for EWHa-u; 1=upper limit meta.code.error int EWHa-u [-49.6/1.3]? H{alpha} EW adopted in unrestricted sample 0.1nm spect.line.eqWidth float nullable e_EWHa-u [0/5.121]? Error in EWHa-u 0.1nm stat.error float nullable r_EWHa-u ADS bibcode for EWHa-u meta.ref;pos.frame char Act Activity flag (0=active, 1=inactive) meta.code int Bin Binary flag (0=no known close companion, 1=companion) meta.code int LSPM Display data within 1.5" from the LSPM-North Catalog (Lepine+ 2005, I/298) meta.ref.url int nullable Simbad Simbad column added by the CDS meta.ref.url char