J/ApJ/834/185ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/834/185doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18340185CDSKraemer K.E.Sloan G.C.Wood P.R.Jones O.C.Egan M.P.2019-10-10T12:40:19Z2017-08-28T09:21:47ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmagellanic-cloudsinfrared-astronomyspectroscopygiant-starsstellar-spectral-typesinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomybroad-band-photometryWe have used the Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) on the Spitzer Space Telescope to observe stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) selected from the Point Source Catalog of the Midcourse Space Experiment (MSX). We concentrate on the dust properties of the oxygen-rich evolved stars. The dust composition has smaller contributions from alumina compared to the Galaxy. This difference may arise from the lower metallicity in the SMC, but it could be a selection effect, as the SMC sample includes more stars that are brighter and thus more massive. The distribution of the SMC stars along the silicate sequence looks more like the Galactic sample of red supergiants than asymptotic giant branch stars (AGBs). While many of the SMC stars are definitively on the AGB, several also show evidence of hot bottom burning. Three of the supergiants show PAH emission at 11.3{mu}m. Two other sources show mixed chemistry, with both carbon-rich and oxygen-rich spectral features. One, MSX SMC 134, may be the first confirmed silicate/carbon star in the SMC. The other, MSX SMC 049, is a candidate post-AGB star. MSX SMC 145, previously considered a candidate OH/IR star, is actually an AGB star with a background galaxy at z=0.16 along the same line of sight. We consider the overall characteristics of all the MSX sources, the most infrared-bright objects in the SMC, in light of the higher sensitivity and resolution of Spitzer, and compare them with the object types expected from the original selection criteria. This population represents what will be seen in more distant galaxies by the upcoming James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). Color-color diagrams generated from the IRS spectra and the mid-infrared filters on JWST show how one can separate evolved stars from young stellar objects (YSOs) and distinguish among different classes of YSOs.2017ApJ...834..185Khttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/834/185CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/gcvs : General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)II/228 : DENIS Catalogue toward Magellanic Clouds (DCMC) (Cioni+ 2000)V/114 : MSX6C Infrared Point Source Catalog (Egan+ 2003)II/288 : IRSF Magellanic Clouds Point Source Catalog (Kato+ 2007)VII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)J/A+AS/97/603 : C stars in SMC (Rebeirot+ 1993)J/ApJS/119/141 : Oxygen-rich dust shells IR spectral classif. (Sloan+ 1998)J/AJ/122/1844 : MSX and 2MASS cross-correlation in LMC (Egan+, 2001)J/AJ/124/2990 : MSX galaxy observations (Kraemer+, 2002)J/AJ/123/855 : Magellanic Clouds Photometric Survey: SMC (Zaritsky+, 2002)J/AJ/126/1423 : MSX 8.3um fluxes of star-forming regions (Kraemer+, 2003)J/AJ/126/2867 : Red supergiants in Magellanic Clouds (Massey+, 2003)J/A+A/425/595 : OGLE+2MASS+DENIS LPV in Magellanic Clouds (Groenewegen, 2004)J/A+A/438/521 : SMC C stars B and R light curves (Raimondo+, 2005)J/AJ/132/2268 : SAGE calibration stars (Meixner+, 2006)J/ApJ/655/212 : S3MC IRAC and MIPS photometry (Bolatto+, 2007)J/A+A/469/799 : Torun catalog of post-AGB & related objects (Szczerba+, 2007)J/A+A/506/1277 : Modelisation of MCs C/O stars (Groenewegen+, 2009)J/AJ/142/103 : Cool evolved stars in SAGE-SMC and SAGE-LMC (Boyer+, 2011)J/AcA/61/217 : VI LCs of SMC long-period variables (Soszynski+, 2011)J/MNRAS/411/1597 : LMC point source classification in SAGE-Spec (Woods+, 2011)J/MNRAS/427/3209 : Galactic and MC O-AGBs and RSGs stars (Jones+, 2012)J/other/Ser/184.93 : 6cm and 3cm sources in SMC (Wong+, 2012)J/MNRAS/440/631 : IR photometry of LMC O-rich evolved stars (Jones+, 2014)J/ApJ/792/30 : NEOWISE magnitudes for near-Earth objects (Mainzer+, 2014)J/A+A/578/A3 : New survey of supergiants in MCs (Gonzalez-Fernandez+, 2015)J/ApJ/811/145 : LMC & SMC evolved stars detected with Herschel (Jones+, 2015)J/AJ/149/78 : Candidate IR variables from SAGE-SMC survey (Polsdofer+, 2015)J/MNRAS/449/639 : VMC survey. XIV. SFR in SMC (Rubele+, 2015)J/MNRAS/451/3504 : Classification of IRS sources in the SMC (Ruffle+, 2015)J/AJ/149/11 : Spectra of candidate standard stars in mid-IR (Sloan+, 2015)J/ApJ/826/44 : Spitzer/IRS obs. of Magellanic carbon stars (Sloan+, 2016)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/834/185https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/834/185http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/834/185https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/834/185https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/834/185http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/834/185GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/834/185/oxir (Spitzer/IRS observing log, properties and oxygen-rich dust analysis (tables 1, 2 and 4))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/834/185/oxir?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/834/185/oxir?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/834/185/oxir?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true13.825-72.09222220.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/834/185/msxsmc (MSX SMC source positions and optical to MIR photometry (tables 5-7))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/834/185/msxsmc?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/834/185/msxsmc?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/834/185/msxsmc?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true13.74913694-74.302391110.0055555555555555565/8323 8329 6/33287 33304 33306 33315 33324 333286.772611666688002e-21 3.895857199664101e-20https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/834/185?format=asciiInfraredOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/834/185/oxirSpitzer/IRS observing log, properties and oxygen-rich dust analysis (tables 1, 2 and 4)SimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintMSXSMC[0/181] MSX SMC Designation (G1)meta.id;meta.mainintRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainPIDSpitzer Program IDmeta.id;obsintAORSpitzer AOR IDmeta.id;obsintexp1Total exposure time, IRS Short-Lowstime.duration;obs.exposureintexp2Total exposure time, IRS Long-Lowstime.duration;obs.exposureintMJDObservation Date, JD-2400000.5dtime.epochfloatAltNameAlternative Namemeta.idcharPer[141/1859]? Period from literaturedtime.periodintnullabler_PerReference for Per (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharSpTOptical MK Spectral Typesrc.spTypecharr_SpTReference for SpT (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharIRInfrared Spectral Classsrc.classcharMbol[-8.5/-5] Bolometric magnitude (G2)magphys.magAbs.bolfloatR15Ruffle+ (2015, J/MNRAS/451/3504) classsrc.classcharf_R15[c] c: R15 class changed in this manuscriptmeta.codecharVarVariable class, GCVS (Samus et al. Cat. B/gcvs)meta.code;src.varchar[7]-[15][0.2/2.1] The [7]-[15] color indexmagphot.color;em.IR;em.IRfloatnullablee_[7]-[15][0/0.02] Uncertainty in [7]-[15]magstat.errorfloatnullableDEC[0.02/3] Dust emission contrast (3)stat.fit.omcnullablee_DEC[0/0.03] Uncertainty in DECstat.error;pos.eq.decfloatnullableF10/F11[0.7/1.4] Flux ratio, F10um/F11umphot.flux;arith.ratiofloatnullablee_F10/F11[0.01/0.2] Uncertainty in F10/F11stat.errorfloatnullableF10/F12[0.5/2.4] Flux ratio, F10um/F12umphot.flux;arith.ratiofloatnullablee_F10/F12[0.02/0.2] Uncertainty in F10/F12stat.errorfloatnullableF11/F12[0.9/1.7] Flux ratio, F11um/F12um, correctedphot.flux;arith.ratiofloatnullablee_F11/F12[0.02/0.3] Uncertainty in F11/F12stat.errorfloatnullableSEiSE Index (4)stat.fit.omccharJ/ApJ/834/185/table3MSX SMC targets observed in other programsAltNameAlternative Namemeta.idcharPIDSpitzer Program IDmeta.id;obsintAORSpitzer AOR IDmeta.id;obsintIRInfrared Spectral Classsrc.classcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintMSXSMC[27/234] MSX SMC Designationmeta.id;meta.mainintR15Ruffle+ (2015, J/MNRAS/451/3504) classsrc.classcharMbolBolometric magnitude (G2)magphys.magAbs.bolfloatRefReferences (1)meta.refcharJ/ApJ/834/185/msxsmcMSX SMC source positions and optical to MIR photometry (tables 5-7)SimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintMSXSMC[1/243] MSX SMC Designationmeta.id;meta.mainintprimarym_MSXSMC[AB] Component on MSXSMCmeta.code.multipcharSDisplay the Spitzer observationsmeta.ref.urlcharAltNameAlternative Name (1)meta.idcharRAJ2000Right Ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainr_PosPosition Reference (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharQMorphological Grade (3)meta.codecharMbol[-8.5/-4.5]? Bolometric Magnitude (G2)magphys.magAbs.bolfloatnullableIRSTypeIRS-based Source Typesrc.classcharr_IRSTypeSource Type Reference (4)meta.notecharNotesComments (FG= probable foreground star; or CL = probable star in a cluster)meta.notechar3.6mag[2.7/13.5]? Mean 3.6um band magnitude (4)magphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullablee_3.6mag[0.01/0.9]? Uncertainty in 3.6magmagstat.errorfloatnullable4.5mag[2/13.8]? Mean 4.5um band magnitude (4)magphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_4.5mag[0/0.7]? Uncertainty in 4.5magmagstat.errorfloatnullable5.8mag[3/11.6]? Mean Spitzer/IRAC 5.8um band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_5.8mag[0.001/0.6]? Uncertainty in 5.8magmagstat.errorfloatnullable8.0mag[3/9.8]? Mean Spitzer/IRAC 8.0um band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullablee_8.0mag[0/0.5]? Uncertainty in 8.0magmagstat.errorfloatnullable12mag[2.8/8.7]? Mean WISE 12um band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullablee_12mag[0.01/0.2]? Uncertainty in 12magmagstat.errorfloatnullable22mag[0.2/7.8]? Mean WISE 22um band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloatnullablee_22mag[0.01/0.3]? Uncertainty in 22magmagstat.errorfloatnullable24mag[1/8.6]? Mean Spitzer/MIPS 24um band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.15-30umfloatnullablee_24mag[0.001/0.6]? Uncertainty in 24magmagstat.errorfloatnullableUmag[12.2/20.8]? U band magnitude (5)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ufloatnullablee_Umag[0.02/0.3]? Uncertainty in Umagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.UfloatnullableBmag[9.6/22.6]? B band magnitude (5)magphot.mag;em.opt.Bfloatnullablee_Bmag[0.01/0.4]? Uncertainty in Bmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.BfloatnullableVmag[9.7/23]? V band magnitude (5)magphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatnullablee_Vmag[0/3]? Uncertainty in Vmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.VfloatnullableImag[8.3/21]? I band magnitude (5)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_Imag[0.002/1.3]? Uncertainty in Imagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.IfloatnullableJmag[4.7/19]? J band magnitude (6)magphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_Jmag[0.007/2]? Uncertainty in Jmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.JfloatnullableHmag[3.7/17.2]? H band magnitude (6)magphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_Hmag[0/2]? Uncertainty in Hmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.HfloatnullableKmag[3.4/16.2]? K band magnitude (6)magphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullablee_Kmag[0.005/1]? Uncertainty in Kmagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.KfloatnullableMSX6CDisplay the data from the MSX6C IR point source catalog (Egan+, 2003, V/114) within 5"meta.ref.urlintnullableIRACDisplay the data from the SAGE SMC IRAC Source Catalog (IPAC 2009, II/305) within 3"meta.ref.urlintnullableMCPSDisplay the data from the MCPS catalog (Zaritsky+ 2002, J/AJ/123/855) within 1"meta.ref.urlintnullableOGLEDisplay the OGLE-III data from Soszynski+ 2011, J/AcA/61/217 within 3"meta.ref.urlintnullableR15Display the data from Ruffle+ 2015, J/MNRAS/451/3504, within 3"meta.ref.urlintnullable2MDisplay the 2MASS data (Cutri+ 2003, II/246) within 3"meta.ref.urlchar