J/ApJ/830/4ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/830/4doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18300004CDSCroxall K.V.Pogge R.W.Berg D.A.Skillman E.D.Moustakas J.2024-11-18T20:10:45Z2017-01-30T13:03:54ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frchemical-abundancesh-ii-regionsspectroscopyWe present Large Binocular Telescope observations of 109 HII regions in NGC 5457 (M101) obtained with the Multi-Object Double Spectrograph. We have robust measurements of one or more temperature-sensitive auroral emission lines for 74 HII regions, permitting the measurement of "direct" gas-phase abundances. Comparing the temperatures derived from the different ionic species, we find: (1) strong correlations of T[NII] with T[SIII] and T[OIII], consistent with little or no intrinsic scatter; (2) a correlation of T[SIII] with T[OIII], but with significant intrinsic dispersion; (3) overall agreement between T[NII], T[SII], and T[OII], as expected, but with significant outliers; (4) the correlations of T[NII] with T[SIII] and T[OIII] match the predictions of photoionization modeling while the correlation of T[SIII] with T[OIII] is offset from the prediction of photoionization modeling. Based on these observations, which include significantly more observations of lower excitation HII regions, missing in many analyses, we inspect the commonly used ionization correction factors (ICFs) for unobserved ionic species and propose new empirical ICFs for S and Ar. We have discovered an unexpected population of HII regions with a significant offset to low values in Ne/O, which defies explanation. We derive radial gradients in O/H and N/O which agree with previous studies. Our large observational database allows us to examine the dispersion in abundances, and we find intrinsic dispersions of 0.074+/-0.009 in O/H and 0.095+/-0.009 in N/O (at a given radius). We stress that this measurement of the intrinsic dispersion comes exclusively from direct abundance measurements of HII regions in NGC 5457.2016ApJ...830....4Chttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/830/4CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/ApJ/808/42 : CHemical Abundances of Spirals (CHAOS) II. M51 (Croxall+, 2015)J/ApJ/700/654 : Keck spectroscopy of extragalactic HII regions (Esteban+ 2009)J/AJ/136/2563 : HI Nearby Galaxy Survey, THINGS (Walter+, 2008)J/A+A/441/981 : HII regions in 5 spiral galaxies (Bresolin+, 2005)J/A+A/422/511 : Oxygen abundance in M101 HII regions (Cedres+, 2004)J/A+A/391/809 : HII regions in NGC 5457 and NGC 4395 (Cedres+, 2002)J/AJ/104/92 : HII Regions Properties in M101 (Scowen+ 1992)J/ApJS/73/661 : H II regions in M 101 (Hodge+ 1990)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/830/4https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/830/4http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/830/4https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/830/4https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/830/4http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/830/4GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/830/4/table2 (NGC 5457 MODS/LBT observations)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/830/4/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/830/4/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/830/4/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true210.80541754.3478220.0055555555555555566/11434https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/830/4?format=asciidefaultJ/ApJ/830/4/table2NGC 5457 MODS/LBT observationsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintHIIidHII Region; Galaxy +/- offsets in RA/DEmeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryADisplay the abundances for this regionmeta.ref.urlcharRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainPASlit position angledegpos.posAngintAP[2/21] Extraction aperture along slitarcsecphys.angSize;instr.fovintRgR25[0.01/1.1] Deprojected HII distance from galaxy center (1)pos.distancefloatdOIII[0/1] 3{sigma} [OIII] 4363A detectionmeta.codeintdNII[0/1] 3{sigma} [NII] 5755A detectionmeta.codeintdSIII[0/1] 3{sigma} [SIII] 6312A detectionmeta.codeintdOII[0/1] 3{sigma} [OII] 7330A detectionmeta.codeintdSII[0/1] 3{sigma} [SII] 6717A/6731A detectionmeta.codeintWR[0/1] Detection of Wolf-Rayet featuresmeta.codeintHeII[0/1] 3{sigma} narrow HeII 4686A detectionmeta.codeintAltIDAlternative HII Region Name (2)meta.idcharNGC? NGC identification of complex where the HII region is locatedmeta.id.parentintnullableNfmeta.numberintnullableSpMODS spectrum plotmeta.ref.urlcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharJ/ApJ/830/4/table3Line fluxes relative to H{beta}recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintHIIidHII Region; Galaxy +/- offsets in RA/DEmeta.id;meta.maincharSpeciesSpeciesmeta.notecharlambda[3726/9546]? Species Wavelength in Angstroms0.1nmem.wlintnullablef_FluxFlag on Flux (1)meta.codecharFlux[0/33116] Line flux in units of H{beta}=1phot.flux;spect.line;arith.ratiodoublee_Flux[0/12]? Uncertainty in Fluxstat.error;phot.fluxdoublenullableJ/ApJ/830/4/table4Abundances in NGC 5457recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintHIIidHII Region; Galaxy +/- offsets in RA/DEmeta.id;meta.maincharTe([OII])1[7010/14540]? Measured Electron temperature in [OII] regionKphys.temperature;phys.electronintnullablee_Te([OII])1? Uncertainty in Te([OII])1Kstat.errorintnullableTe([OIII])1[7420/14220]? Measured Electron temperature in [OIII] regionKphys.temperature;phys.electronintnullablee_Te([OIII])1? Uncertainty in Te([OIII])1Kstat.errorintnullableTe([NII])1[6300/11200]? Measured Electron temperature in [NII] regionKphys.temperature;phys.electronintnullablee_Te([NII])1? Uncertainty in Te([NII])1Kstat.errorintnullableTe([SIII])1[5800/16080]? Measured Electron temperature in [SIII] regionKphys.temperature;phys.electronintnullablee_Te([SIII])1? Uncertainty in Te([SIII])1Kstat.errorintnullableNe1[4/270]? Measured Electron density (cm^-3^)cm**-3phys.density;phys.electronintnullablee_Ne1? Uncertainty in Ne1cm**-3stat.errorintnullableTe([OII])2[6300/12720] Adopted Electron temperature in [OII] regionKphys.temperature;phys.electroninte_Te([OII])2Uncertainty in Te([OII])2Kstat.errorintTe([OIII])2[5230/14220] Adopted Electron temperature in [OIII] regionKphys.temperature;phys.electroninte_Te([OIII])2Uncertainty in Te([OIII])2Kstat.errorintTe([NII])2[6300/12720] Adopted Electron temperature in [NII] regionKphys.temperature;phys.electroninte_Te([NII])2Uncertainty in Te([NII])2Kstat.errorintTe([SIII])2[5600/16080] Adopted Electron temperature in [SIII] regionKphys.temperature;phys.electroninte_Te([SIII])2Uncertainty in Te([SIII])2Kstat.errorintNe2[100/272]? Adopted Electron densitycm**-3phys.density;phys.electronintnullablee_Ne2? Uncertainty in Ne2cm**-3stat.errorintnullableO+/H+[2.9/47.1] Abundance ratio O+/H+phys.abundfloate_O+/H+Uncertainty in O+/H+stat.error;phys.abundfloatO++/H+[1.8/24.4] Abundance ratio O++/H+phys.abundfloate_O++/H+Uncertainty in O++/H+stat.error;phys.abundfloat12+log(O/H)[7.8/8.8] Oxygen abundance, 12+log(O/H)phys.abundfloate_12+log(O/H)Uncertainty in 12+log(O/H)stat.errorfloatN+/H+[1.1/84] Abundance ratio N+/H+phys.abundfloate_N+/H+Uncertainty in N+/H+stat.error;phys.abundfloatN(ICF)[1/5] Nitrogen ionization correction factorarith.factorfloate_N(ICF)Uncertainty in N(ICF)stat.errorfloatlog(N/O)[-1.5/-0.5] Nitrogen-to-oxygen abundance ratiophys.abund;arith.ratiofloate_log(N/O)Uncertainty in log(N/O)stat.errorfloat12+log(N/H)[6.3/8] Nitrogen abundance, 12+log(N/H)phys.abundfloate_12+log(N/H)Uncertainty in 12+log(N/H)stat.errorfloatS+/H+[2.9/66.4] Abundance ratio S+/H+phys.abundfloate_S+/H+Uncertainty in S+/H+stat.error;phys.abundfloatS++/H+[6.2/184.4] Abundance ratio S++/H+phys.abundfloate_S++/H+Uncertainty in S++/H+stat.error;phys.abundfloatS(ICF)[1/3] Sulfur ionization correction factorarith.factorfloate_S(ICF)Uncertainty in S(ICF)stat.errorfloatlog(S/O)[-1.9/-1] Sulfur-to-oxygen abundance ratiophys.abund;arith.ratiofloate_log(S/O)Uncertainty in log(S/O)stat.errorfloat12+log(S/H)[6/7.5] Sulfur abundance, 12+log(S/H)phys.abundfloate_12+log(S/H)Uncertainty in 12+log(S/H)stat.errorfloatNe++/H+[1.8/35.1]? Abundance ratio Ne++/H+phys.abundfloatnullablee_Ne++/H+? Uncertainty in Ne++/H+stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullableNe(ICF)[1/14] Neon ionization correction factorarith.factorfloate_Ne(ICF)Uncertainty in Ne(ICF)stat.errorfloatlog(Ne/O)[-1.2/-0.3]? Neon-to-oxygen abundance ratiophys.abund;arith.ratiofloatnullablee_log(Ne/O)? Uncertainty in log(Ne/O)stat.errorfloatnullable12+log(Ne/H)[7.1/8.2]? Neon abundance, 12+log(Ne/H)phys.abundfloatnullablee_12+log(Ne/H)? Uncertainty in 12+log(Ne/H)stat.errorfloatnullableAr++/H+[0.7/26.6]? Abundance ratio Ar++/H+phys.abundfloatnullablee_Ar++/H+? Uncertainty in Ar++/H+stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullableAr(ICF)[1/5] Argon ionization correction factorarith.factorfloate_Ar(ICF)Uncertainty in Ar(ICF)stat.errorfloatlog(Ar/O)[-3/-1.8]? Argon-to-oxygen abundance ratiophys.abund;arith.ratiofloatnullablee_log(Ar/O)? Uncertainty in log(Ar/O)stat.errorfloatnullable12+log(Ar/H)[5.1/6.8]? Argon abundance, 12+log(Ar/H)phys.abundfloatnullablee_12+log(Ar/H)? Uncertainty in 12+log(Ar/H)stat.errorfloatnullable