J/ApJ/818/73ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/818/73doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18180073CDSTobin J.J.Looney L.W.Li Z.-Y.Chandler C.J.Dunham M.M.,Segura-Cox D.Sadavoy S.I.Melis C.Harris R.J.Kratter K.Perez L.2018-03-15T09:30:16Z2018-02-05T13:48:59ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmolecular-cloudsyoung-stellar-objectsmultiple-starsmillimeter-astronomysubmillimeter-astronomyWe present a multiplicity study of all known protostars (94) in the Perseus molecular cloud from a Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array survey at Ka-band (8 mm and 1 cm) and C-band (4 and 6.6 cm). The observed sample has a bolometric luminosity range between 0.1 L_{sun}_ and ~33 L_{sun}_, with a median of 0.7 L_{sun}_. This multiplicity study is based on the Ka-band data, having a best resolution of ~0.065" (15 au) and separations out to ~43" (10000 au) can be probed. The overall multiplicity fraction (MF) is found to be 0.40+/-0.06 and the companion star fraction (CSF) is 0.71+/-0.06. The MF and CSF of the Class 0 protostars are 0.57+/-0.09 and 1.2+/-0.2, and the MF and CSF of Class I protostars are both 0.23+/-0.08. The distribution of companion separations appears bi-modal, with a peak at ~75 au and another peak at ~3000 au. Turbulent fragmentation is likely the dominant mechanism on >1000 au scales and disk fragmentation is likely to be the dominant mechanism on <200 au scales. Toward three Class 0 sources we find companions separated by <30 au. These systems have the smallest separations of currently known Class 0 protostellar binary systems. Moreover, these close systems are embedded within larger (50-400 au) structures and may be candidates for ongoing disk fragmentation.2016ApJ...818...73Thttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/818/73CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/A+AS/106/165 : Near-IR imaging photometry of NGC 1333 (Aspin+ 1994)J/ApJS/125/427 : Radio sources in HH 7-11 region (Rodriguez+, 1999)J/ApJ/646/1009 : Structures of dust in Perseus molecular cloud (Kirk+, 2006)J/A+A/468/1009 : Star formation in Perseus. II. (Hatchell+, 2007)J/ApJ/668/1042 : Dense cores in Perseus molecular cloud (Kirk+, 2007)J/ApJ/683/822 : Star formation in Ophiuchus and Perseus II. (Jorgensen+, 2008)J/ApJ/692/973 : Protostars in Perseus, Serpens and Ophiuchus (Enoch+, 2009)J/ApJ/696/298 : Dense cores in Perseus (Foster+, 2009)J/ApJS/181/321 : Properties of Spitzer c2d dark clouds (Evans+, 2009)J/AJ/150/40 : The Spitzer c2d survey of clouds. XII. Perseus (Young+, 2015)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/818/73https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/818/73http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/818/73https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/818/73https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/818/73http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/818/73GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/818/73/table2 (Source Properties)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/818/73/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/818/73/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/818/73/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true55.9866916732.0139450.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/818/73/table1 (Source List)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/818/73/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/818/73/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/818/73/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true55.9866916732.0139450.0055555555555555566/857 858 859 860 862 881 1538 1539 1542 15441.9864457058588956e-23 2.483057037536934e-23https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/818/73?format=asciiRadiodefaultJ/ApJ/818/73/table2Source PropertiesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSourceSource namemeta.id;meta.maincharm_SourceComponent of the sourcemeta.code.multipcharRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainl_Fnu8[<] Limit flag on Fnu8meta.code.errorcharFnu8Integrated flux density at 8mmmJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.30-50GHzfloate_Fnu8Uncertainty in Fnu8mJystat.errorfloatl_Fnu8p[<] Limit flag on Fnu8pmeta.code.errorcharFnu8pPeak flux density at 8mmmJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.30-50GHzfloate_Fnu8prms uncertainty in Fnu8pmJystat.errorfloatl_Fnu10[<] Limit flag on Fnu10meta.code.errorcharFnu10Integrated flux density at 10mmmJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.30-50GHzfloate_Fnu10Uncertainty in Fnu10mJystat.errorfloatl_Fnu10p[<] Limit flag on Fnu10pmeta.code.errorcharFnu10pPeak flux density at 10mmmJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.30-50GHzfloate_Fnu10prms uncertainty in Fnu10pmJystat.errorfloatSpIndex? Integrated spectral indexspect.indexfloatnullablee_SpIndex? Uncertainty in SpIndexstat.errorfloatnullableSpIndexp? Peak spectral indexspect.indexfloatnullablee_SpIndexp? Uncertainty in SpIndexpstat.errorfloatnullableJ/ApJ/818/73/table1Source ListSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharSourceSource name (1)meta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainOtherOther source name(s) (1)meta.idcharDetec[YN] Whether or not the associated source was detected above 5{sigma} in the observation (at either 8 mm or 1 cm)meta.codecharMult[YN] Whether or not the object comprises a multiple system or is a component of a multiple system based on our datameta.codecharConfig[A,B ] VLA configuration(s) in which observation was takeninstr.setupcharClassYoung Stellar Object classification (2)meta.code.class;src.class.starGalaxycharLbol? Bolometric luminositysolLumphys.luminosityfloatnullablee_Lbol? Uncertainty in LbolsolLumstat.errorfloatnullableTbol? Bolometric temperatureKphys.temperaturefloatnullablee_Tbol? Uncertainty in TbolKstat.errorfloatnullableCat-linkLink to the catalog containing detection (J/ApJ/692/973; J/ApJS/181/321)meta.ref.urlchar