J/ApJ/814/52ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/814/52doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18140052CDSGiannini T.Antoniucci S.Nisini B.Bacciotti F.Podio L.2017-01-23T22:00:00Z2016-03-23T14:49:33ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fratomic-physicsspectroscopyinterstellar-mediumWe present deep spectroscopic (3600-24700{AA}) X-shooter observations of the bright Herbig-Haro object HH 1, one of the best laboratories to study the chemical and physical modifications caused by protostellar shocks on the natal cloud. We observe atomic fine structure lines, HI and HeI recombination lines and H_2_ ro-vibrational lines (more than 500 detections in total). Line emission was analyzed by means of Non-local Thermal Equilibiurm codes to derive the electron temperature and density, and for the first time we are able to accurately probe different physical regimes behind a dissociative shock. We find a temperature stratification in the range 4000K/80000K, and a significant correlation between temperature and ionization energy. Two density regimes are identified for the ionized gas, a more tenuous, spatially broad component (density ~10^3^/cm^3^), and a more compact component (density>=10^5^/cm^3^) likely associated with the hottest gas. A further neutral component is also evidenced, having a temperature <~10000K and a density >10^4^/cm^3^. The gas fractional ionization was estimated by solving the ionization equilibrium equations of atoms detected in different ionization stages. We find that neutral and fully ionized regions co-exist inside the shock. Also, indications in favor of at least partially dissociative shock as the main mechanism for molecular excitation are derived. Chemical abundances are estimated for the majority of the detected species. On average, abundances of non-refractory/refractory elements are lower than solar of about 0.15/0.5dex. This indicates the presence of dust inside the medium, with a depletion factor of iron of ~40%.2015ApJ...814...52Ghttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/814/52CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicerelated-toVI/64 : Recombination line intensities for hydrogenic ions (Storey+ 1995)J/A+A/524/A35 : Effective collision strengths of CrII (Wasson+, 2010)J/ApJS/188/32 : Breit-Pauli transition probabilities for SII (Tayal+, 2010)J/ApJ/711/1236 : Equivalent width of H_2_ from FUSE (Jensen+, 2010)J/MNRAS/395/855 : Spectroscopy (310-1040nm) of HH 202 (Mesa-Delgado+, 2009)J/A+A/481/123 : Near-IR IFU spectroscopy of HH99B (Giannini+, 2008)J/A+A/474/941 : Spectroscopy of H_2_ towards HH91A (Gredel+, 2007)J/A+A/469/1203 : IRON project LXIV (Melendez+, 2007)J/A+A/420/763 : Electron impact excitation of NiII (Bautista+, 2004)J/A+AS/141/297 : H_2_ total transition probability (Abgrall+, 2000)J/A+AS/119/523 : IRON project XVIII. Fe III data (Zhang 1996)J/A+AS/108/1 : IRON Project. V. O-like ions (Butler+, 1994)J/A+AS/103/273 : IRON Project II. C-like ions (Lennon+ 1994)http://www.pa.uky.edu/~peter/atomic/ : Atomic line listhttp://www.nist.gov/pml/data/asd.cfm : NIST atomic spectra databasehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/814/52https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/814/52http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/814/52https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/814/52https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/814/52http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/814/52GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/814/52/table5Atomic forbidden linesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintElElementphys.atmol.elementcharZ[6/28] Atomic numbermeta.id;meta.mainintlambda[3726/22534.6] Wavelength in air; Angstroms0.1nmem.wldoublef_lambda[1/38]? Flag on lambda (1)meta.codeintnullableIonIon designationphys.atmol.ionStagecharUpperUpper level designationmeta.id;phys.atmol.configuration;phys.atmol.levelLowerLower level designationmeta.id;phys.atmol.configuration;phys.atmol.levelEup[4628.6/43185.8] Upper level energycm**-1phys.energy;phys.atmol.leveldoubleElo[0/26830.6] Lower level energycm**-1phys.energy;phys.atmol.leveldoubleFlux1[0.6/1251] Line flux; 1e-17ergs/s/cm^2^ (2)1e-17mW.m**-2phot.fluxfloatFlux2[0.6/207.2]? Second component, if present, line flux (2)1e-17mW.m**-2phot.fluxfloatnullableDelFlux[0.2/1.5] Uncertainty in total line flux1e-17mW.m**-2stat.errorfloatJ/ApJ/814/52/table6Recombination linesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSpSpecies identifier (Helium I, Helium II or Hydrogen)meta.id;phys.molcharlam1[3669.4/21655.3] Wavelength or Lower wavelength range; Angstroms0.1nmem.wldoublelam2? Upper wavelength range; Angstroms0.1nmem.wldoublenullablef_lam1[1/3]? Flag on lambda (1)meta.codeintnullableUpperUpper level designationmeta.id;phys.atmol.configuration;phys.atmol.levelLowerLower level designationmeta.id;phys.atmol.configuration;phys.atmol.levelEup[97492.3/411478] Upper level energycm**-1phys.energy;phys.atmol.leveldoubleElo[82259.1/390142.4] Lower level energycm**-1phys.energy;phys.atmol.leveldoubleFlux1[0.8/939.6] Line flux; 1e-17 ergs/s/cm^2^1e-17mW.m**-2phot.fluxfloatFlux2[2.9/259]? Second component, if present, line flux1e-17mW.m**-2phot.fluxfloatnullableDelFlux[0.2/1.1] Uncertainty in total line flux1e-17mW.m**-2stat.errorfloatJ/ApJ/814/52/table7H_2_ linesv[1/9] H_2_ v valuephys.atmolintrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintlambda[7091.8/24748.7] Wavelength in air; Angstroms0.1nmem.wldoublef_lambdaFlag on lambda (1)meta.codecharTransTransitionmeta.id;phys.atmol.transitionEup[6149.5/49194.6] Upper level energycm**-1phys.energy;phys.atmol.leveldoubleElo[0/42122.2] Lower level energycm**-1phys.energy;phys.atmol.leveldoubleFlux[0.5/276]? Line flux; 1e-17ergs/s/cm^2^ (2)1e-17mW.m**-2phot.flux;spect.linefloatnullablee_Flux[0.2/1.3]? Uncertainty in line flux1e-17mW.m**-2stat.error;phot.fluxfloatnullable