J/ApJ/814/118ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/814/118doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18140118CDSBest W.M.J.Liu M.C.Magnier E.A.Deacon N.R.Aller K.M.Redstone J.,Burgett W.S.Chambers K.C.Draper P.Flewelling H.Hodapp K.W.,Kaiser N.Metcalfe N.Tonry J.L.Wainscoat R.J.Waters C.2017-09-12T11:55:33Z2016-03-24T12:28:35ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frinfrared-photometrystellar-spectral-typeslate-type-starsproper-motionsstellar-distancesurveysThe evolution of brown dwarfs from L to T spectral types is one of the least understood aspects of the ultracool population, partly for lack of a large, well-defined, and well-characterized sample in the L/T transition. To improve the existing census, we have searched ~28000deg^2^ using the Pan-STARRS1 and Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer surveys for L/T transition dwarfs within 25pc. We present 130 ultracool dwarf discoveries with estimated distances ~9-130pc, including 21 that were independently discovered by other authors and 3 that were previously identified as photometric candidates. Seventy-nine of our objects have near-IR spectral types of L6-T4.5, the most L/T transition dwarfs from any search to date, and we have increased the census of L9-T1.5 objects within 25pc by over 50%. The color distribution of our discoveries provides further evidence for the "L/T gap", a deficit of objects with (J-K)_MKO_~0.0-0.5mag in the L/T transition, and thus reinforces the idea that the transition from cloudy to clear photospheres occurs rapidly. Among our discoveries are 31 candidate binaries based on their low-resolution spectral features. Two of these candidates are common proper motion companions to nearby main sequence stars; if confirmed as binaries, these would be rare benchmark systems with the potential to stringently test ultracool evolutionary models. Our search also serendipitously identified 23 late-M and L dwarfs with spectroscopic signs of low gravity implying youth, including 10 with vl-g or int-g gravity classifications and another 13 with indications of low gravity whose spectral types or modest spectral signal-to-noise ratio do not allow us to assign formal classifications. Finally, we identify 10 candidate members of nearby young moving groups (YMG) with spectral types L7-T4.5, including three showing spectroscopic signs of low gravity. If confirmed, any of these would be among the coolest known YMG members and would help to determine the effective temperature at which young brown dwarfs cross the L/T transition.2015ApJ...814..118Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/814/118CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/319 : UKIDSS-DR9 LAS, GCS and DXS Surveys (Lawrence+ 2012)II/311 : WISE All-Sky Data Release (Cutri+ 2012)VII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)I/298 : LSPM-North Catalog (Lepine+ 2005)II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)J/ApJS/219/33 : BANYAN. VII. Candidate YMG members from BASS (Gagne+, 2015)J/MNRAS/449/3651 : L and T dwarfs from UKIDSS LAS (Marocco+, 2015)J/ApJ/798/73 : BANYAN All-Sky Survey (BASS). V. Nearby YMGs (Gagne+, 2015)J/ApJ/783/121 : BANYAN II. Nearby young assoc. cand. members (Gagne+, 2014)J/PASP/125/809 : New nearby M, L, and T dwarfs (Thompson+, 2013)J/ApJS/205/6 : T dwarf population revealed by WISE (Mace+, 2013)J/ApJ/762/88 : Young stellar kinematic group candidate members (Malo+, 2013)J/ApJ/758/56 : Young M dwarfs within 25pc. II. Kinematics (Shkolnik+, 2012)J/ApJS/201/19 : Hawaii Infrared Parallax Program. I. (Dupuy+, 2012)J/ApJ/753/156 : T/Y brown dwarfs with WISE photometry (Kirkpatrick+, 2012)J/ApJ/750/99 : The Pan-STARRS1 photometric system (Tonry+, 2012)J/ApJS/197/19 : First brown dwarfs discovered by WISE (Kirkpatrick+, 2011)J/AJ/142/138 : All-sky catalog of bright M dwarfs (Lepine+, 2011)J/ApJS/190/100 : NIR proper motion survey using 2MASS (Kirkpatrick+, 2010)J/MNRAS/404/1817 : 2MASS/SDSS data for 806 ultracool dwarfs (Zhang+, 2010)J/AJ/139/1808 : Colors and kinematics of SDSS L dwarfs (Schmidt+, 2010)J/ApJ/710/1142 : SpeX spectroscopy of low mass binaries. I. (Burgasser+, 2010)J/A+A/497/619 : New ultra-cool dwarfs from SDSS and 2MASS (Zhang+, 2009)J/AJ/137/1 : PMs & astrometry of late-type dwarfs (Faherty+, 2009)J/AJ/136/1290 : Ultracool dwarfs from the 2MASS (Reid+, 2008)J/A+A/468/163 : Sample of low mass stars with mu>0.1"/yr (Deacon+, 2007)J/AJ/133/889 : Faint companions of Hipparcos stars (Lepine+, 2007)J/AJ/132/891 : Binaries among nearby L dwarfs (Reid+, 2006)J/AJ/132/663 : Differential Velocities of very low mass SBs (Basri+, 2006)J/AJ/131/2722 : New L and T dwarfs from the SDSS (Chiu+, 2006)J/ApJ/637/1067 : Near-IR spectral classification of T dwarfs (Burgasser+, 2006)J/AJ/130/1680 : LSPM-North proper-motion catalog nearby stars (Lepine+, 2005)J/other/ARA+A/42.685 : Young stars near the Sun (Zuckerman+, 2004)J/AJ/127/3553 : JHK phot. and spectroscopy for L and T dwarfs (Knapp+, 2004)J/AJ/127/2856 : Brown dwarfs in the 2MASS Survey (Burgasser+, 2004)J/AJ/126/2421 : 2MASS-Selected sample of ultracool dwarfs (Cruz+, 2003)J/ApJ/582/1011 : Revised NLTT Catalog (Salim+, 2003)J/ApJ/564/421 : Spectra of T dwarfs. I. (Burgasser+, 2002)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/814/118https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/814/118http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/814/118https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/814/118https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/814/118http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/814/118GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/814/118/cand (Pan-STARRS1 and WISE all-sky photometry and NIR photometry (tables 1 and 2))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/814/118/cand?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/814/118/cand?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/814/118/cand?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true3.4950417-18.28002780.0055555555555555566/75 283 395 477 669 840 860 1239 1280 1374 1890 1927 2292 2592 2709 2807 3040 4146 4203 4269 4342 4417 4747 5059 5817 6717 6724 6761 6804 6926 7713 7814 8269 9697 9720 9801 10215 10319 10913 11279 11395 12312 12427 12633 12687 13496 13497 13508 13765 13790 14127 14492 14550 14595 14872 14922 15049 15320 15327 15597 16067 16551 16813 17003 17081 17121 17404 17781 18180 18432 18452 18512 18533 18620 18931 19153 19359 19443 19646 19899 20123 20710 21295 22600 23086 23318 23512 24292 24300 24555 24769 24784 24887 25097 25176 25200 25248 25446 25842 27376 27418 27476 28086 28148 28225 29657 29958 30348 30818 31225 31350 31534 31582 31635 31926 31998 32183 32464 32615 34775 36155 36347 38852 38855 40022 40196 40300 40403 40903 40952 43980 44123 44134 44151 44155 44216 44317 44337 48231 48353 490611.3088508223161842e-20 1.7003137259100215e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/814/118?format=asciiInfraredOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/814/118/table3IRTF/SpeX observationsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintANameAbbreviated PSO name (Jddd.d+dd)meta.idcharf_AName[a] a: Observations were originally presented in Best et al. (Paper I, 2013ApJ...777...84B)meta.codecharDateUT date of the observationtime.epoch;obsnullableSlit[0.5/0.8] Slit (1)arcsecinstr.setupfloatTint[70/3720] Integration timestime.epochintStdA0V standard starmeta.idcharJ/ApJ/814/118/candPan-STARRS1 and WISE all-sky photometry and NIR photometry (tables 1 and 2)PSOPan-STARRS1 name (Jddd.dddd+dd.dddd)meta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintzP1mag[17.3/21.5]? PS1 z_P1_-band magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablee_zP1mag[0/0.3]? zP1mag uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableyP1mag[16.4/20.1] PS1 y_P1_-band magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloate_yP1mag[0.01/0.2] yP1mag uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatWISEWISE name (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s; II/311)meta.id.crosscharW1mag[11.9/16.8] WISE W1 (3.6um) band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloate_W1mag[0.02/0.2] W1mag uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatW2mag[11.4/15.4] WISE W2 (4.5um) band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloate_W2mag[0.02/0.2] W2mag uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatl_W3magLimit flag on W3magmeta.code.errorcharW3mag[9.9/14.1] WISE W3 (12um) band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloate_W3mag[0.06/0.6]? W3mag uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableNobsNumber of spectroscopic observations for this sourcemeta.numberintnullableMmmeta.ref.urlintnullableSpTlink to spectral type data for this sourcemeta.ref.urlcharANameAbbreviated PSO name (Jddd.d+dd)meta.idcharprimaryf_AName[b] Flag on AName (2)meta.codecharl_JmagLimit flag on Jmagmeta.code.errorcharJmag[14.2/17.8]? 2MASS J-band magnitude (3)magphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_Jmag[0.03/0.4]? Jmag uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablel_HmagLimit flag on Hmagmeta.code.errorcharHmag[13.4/16.9]? 2MASS H-band magnitude (3)magphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_Hmag[0.03/0.3]? Hmag uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablel_KmagLimit flag on Kmagmeta.code.errorcharKmag[12.9/17.3]? 2MASS K-band magnitude (3)magphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullablee_Kmag[0.03/0.3]? Kmag uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.KfloatnullableJmag2[14/18.9]? MKO J-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablee_Jmag2[0/0.3]? Jmag2 uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullablef_Jmag2[d] Flag on Jmag2 (2)meta.codecharHmag2[13.48/17.98]? MKO H-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_Hmag2[0/0.3]? Hmag2 uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablef_Hmag2[de] Flag on Hmag2 (2)meta.codecharKmag2[12.94/17.33]? MKO K-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullablee_Kmag2[0/0.39]? Kmag2 uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullablef_Kmag2[cd,e ] Flag(s) on Kmag2 (2)meta.codecharRef[1/3]? Reference (4)meta.ref;pos.frameintnullable2MDisplay the 2MASS data (Cutri+ 2003, II/246) within 3"meta.ref.urlchar_RAPositions from WISE names (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from WISE names (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJ/814/118/table4Visual spectral types and kinematicsSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintANameAbbreviated PSO name (Jddd.d+dd)meta.idcharSpTVisual spectral type (G1)src.spTypecharDist[9.4/135] Photometric distance (1)pcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloate_Dist[0.8/23] Dist uncertaintypcstat.errorfloatpmRA[-545/732] Proper motion along RA ({mu}_{alpha}cos{delta}) (2)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rainte_pmRA[2/121] pmRA uncertaintymas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.raintpmDE[-852/515] Proper motion along DEC ({mu}_{delta}) (2)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decinte_pmDE[4/134] pmDE uncertaintymas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decintVtan[2/110] Tangential velocitykm/sphys.veloc.transverseinte_Vtan[0/29] Vtan uncertaintykm/sstat.errorintRefDiscovery reference(s) (3)meta.ref;pos.framecharf_Ref[c] c: Photometric candidatemeta.codecharJ/ApJ/814/118/table8*Index-based spectral types from Allers & Liu (2013ApJ...772...79A) for M7-L8 objectsSpTAdopted visual spectral type (G1)src.spTypecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSet"\begin{tex}\vFile{J/ApJ/814/118/./M}{M}\end{tex}"\begin{tex}\vFile{J/ApJ/814/118/./}{}\end{tex} dwarfs or "L" dwarfsmeta.idcharANameAbbreviated PSO name (Jddd.d+dd)meta.idcharf_AName[c] Flag on AName (1)meta.codecharH2OSH_2_O index-derived spectral typesrc.spTypechare_H2OS[0.6/2.3]? Subtype negative uncertaintystat.errorfloatnullableE_H2OS[0.5/2.2]? Subtype positive uncertaintystat.error;stat.maxfloatnullableH2ODSH_2_OD index-derived spectral typesrc.spTypechare_H2ODS[0.8/1.8]? Subtype negative uncertaintystat.errorfloatnullableE_H2ODS[0.8/1.7]? Subtype positive uncertaintystat.error;stat.maxfloatnullableH201SH_2_O-1 index-derived spectral typesrc.spTypechare_H201S[1.1/1.6]? Subtype negative uncertaintystat.errorfloatnullableE_H201S[1.1/1.6]? Subtype positive uncertaintystat.error;stat.maxfloatnullableH202SH_2_O-2 index-derived spectral typesrc.spTypechare_H202S[0.6/1.9]? Subtype negative uncertaintystat.errorfloatnullableE_H202S[0.6/1.9]? Subtype positive uncertaintystat.error;stat.maxfloatnullable<SpT>Average spectral type (2)src.spTypechare_<SpT>[0.4/1.7]? Subtype negative uncertaintystat.errorfloatnullableE_<SpT>[0.4/1.6]? Subtype positive uncertaintystat.error;stat.maxfloatnullableJ/ApJ/814/118/table9Index-based spectral types from Burgasser et al. (2006, J/ApJ/637/1067) for L0-T7 objectsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSet"\begin{tex}\vFile{J/ApJ/814/118/./L}{L}\end{tex}"\begin{tex}\vFile{J/ApJ/814/118/./}{}\end{tex} dwarfs or "T" dwarfsmeta.idcharANameAbbreviated PSO name (Jddd.d+dd)meta.idcharH20J[0.1/1] H_2_O-J index valuespect.indexfloatl_H2OJSLimit flag on H2OJSmeta.code.errorcharH2OJSDerived spectral type from H2OJsrc.spTypecharCH4J[0.2/1.1] CH_4_-J index valuespect.indexfloatl_CH4JSLimit flag on CH4JSmeta.code.errorcharCH4JSDerived spectral type from CH4Jsrc.spTypecharH2OH[0.2/1] H_2_O-H index valuespect.indexfloatl_H2OHSLimit flag on H2OHSmeta.code.errorcharH2OHSDerived spectral type from H2OHSsrc.spTypecharCH4H[0.2/1.3] CH_4_-H index valuespect.indexfloatl_CH4HSLimit flag on CH4HSmeta.code.errorcharCH4HSDerived spectral type from CH4Hsrc.spTypecharCH4K[0.1/1.2] CH_4_-K index valuespect.indexfloatl_CH4KS[<>= ] Limit flag on CH4KSmeta.code.errorcharCH4KSDerived spectral type from CH4Ksrc.spTypechar<SpT>Average spectral type (1)src.spTypechare_<SpT>[0.1/4.1] Subtype uncertaintystat.errorfloatSpTAdopted visual spectral type (G1)src.spTypecharJ/ApJ/814/118/table14Candidate members of young moving groupsYouthSigns of youth (3)meta.notecharSpTVisual spectral typesrc.spTypecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPSOPSO name (Jddd.dddd+dd.dddd)meta.id;meta.maincharf_PSO[d] Flag on PSO J100.5233+41.0320 (1)meta.codecharDist[11.2/31.5] Photometric distance (2)pcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloate_Dist[1.3/4.4] Dist uncertaintypcstat.errorfloatpmRA[-46/526] Proper motion along RA ({mu}_{alpha}_cos{delta})mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rainte_pmRA[2/19] pmRA uncertaintymas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.raintpmDE[-400/16] Proper motion along DEC ({mu}_{delta}_)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decinte_pmDE[4/19] pmDE uncertaintymas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decintYMGBANYAN II Young Moving Group (YMG) namemeta.id.parentcharProb[71.4/99] Membership probability%statfloatlogLbol[-4.8/-4.3] Log of bolometric luminositylog(solLum)phys.luminosityfloatE_logLbol[0.09/0.2] Positive uncertainty on logLbollog(solLum)stat.error;stat.maxfloate_logLbol[0.09/0.2] Negative uncertainty on logLbollog(solLum)stat.errorfloatMass[5.9/15] Mass (4)(1.898187x10+27kg)phys.massfloatE_Mass[0.7/4] Positive uncertainty on Mass(1.898187x10+27kg)stat.error;stat.maxfloate_Mass[0.6/3] Negative uncertainty on Mass(1.898187x10+27kg)stat.error;phys.massfloat