J/ApJ/812/3ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/812/3doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18120003CDSWest A.A.Weisenburger K.L.Irwin J.Berta-Thompson Z.K.,Charbonneau D.Dittmann J.Pineda J.S.2017-09-27T05:55:57Z2016-02-10T13:06:44ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frproper-motionsradial-velocitystellar-distanceline-intensitiesm-starsUsing spectroscopic observations and photometric light curves of 238 nearby M dwarfs from the MEarth exoplanet transit survey, we examine the relationships between magnetic activity (quantified by H{alpha} emission), rotation period, and stellar age. Previous attempts to investigate the relationship between magnetic activity and rotation in these stars were hampered by the limited number of M dwarfs with measured rotation periods (and the fact that v sin i measurements probe only rapid rotation). However, the photometric data from MEarth allows us to probe a wide range of rotation periods for hundreds of M dwarf stars (from shorter than one to longer than 100 days). Over all M spectral types that we probe, we find that the presence of magnetic activity is tied to rotation, including for late-type, fully convective M dwarfs. We also find evidence that the fraction of late-type M dwarfs that are active may be higher at longer rotation periods compared to their early-type counterparts, with several active, late-type, slowly rotating stars present in our sample. Additionally, we find that all M dwarfs with rotation periods shorter than 26 days (early-type; M1-M4) and 86 days (late-type; M5-M8) are magnetically active. This potential mismatch suggests that the physical mechanisms that connect stellar rotation to chromospheric heating may be different in fully convective stars. A kinematic analysis suggests that the magnetically active, rapidly rotating stars are consistent with a kinematically young population, while slow-rotators are less active or inactive and appear to belong to an older, dynamically heated stellar population.2015ApJ...812....3Whttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/812/3CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/298 : LSPM-North Catalog (Lepine+ 2005)III/198 : Palomar/MSU nearby star spectroscopic survey (Hawley+ 1997)J/ApJ/807/45 : Likely habitable planets around M dwarfs (Dressing+, 2015)J/ApJS/211/24 : Rotation periods of Kepler MS stars (McQuillan+, 2014)J/AJ/147/20 : Spectroscopy of 447 nearby M dwarfs (Newton+, 2014J/MNRAS/432/1203 : Rotation periods of M-dwarf stars (McQuillan+, 2013))J/A+A/557/L10 : Rotation periods of 12000 Kepler stars (Nielsen+, 2013)J/ApJ/767/95 : Improved parameters of smallest KIC stars (Dressing+, 2013)J/AJ/144/93 : Close white dwarf + M dwarf binaries (WD+dM) (Morgan+, 2012)J/ApJ/750/L37 : Stellar parameters of low-mass KOIs (Muirhead+, 2012)J/ApJ/742/123 : Photometry and Velocity of LSPM J1112+7626 (Irwin+, 2011)J/AJ/141/97 : SDSS DR7 M dwarfs (West+, 2011)J/ApJ/705/1416 : Volume-limited sample of M7-M9.5 dwarfs <20pc (Reiners+, 2009)J/MNRAS/392/1456 : VIc photometry of M50 low-mass stars (Irwin+, 2009)J/ApJ/687/1264 : Age estimation for solar-type dwarfs (Mamajek+, 2008)J/AJ/135/785 : SDSS-DR5 low-mass star spectroscopic sample (West+, 2008)J/AJ/134/2398 : Stellar SEDs in SDSS and 2MASS filters (Covey+, 2007)J/AJ/129/2428 : M dwarf-white dwarf binary systems (Silvestri+, 2005)J/AJ/128/426 : Subdwarfs in the SDSS (West+, 2004)J/A+A/397/147 : Activity-rotation relationship in stars (Pizzolato+ 2003)J/ApJS/141/503 : Radial Velocities for 889 late-type stars (Nidever+, 2002)J/MNRAS/328/45 : Late-type stars members of young groups (Montes+, 2001)J/A+A/331/581 : Rotation and activity in field M dwarfs (Delfosse+ 1998)J/A+A/327/1039 : Structure and evolution of low-mass stars (Chabrier+ 1997)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/812/3https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/812/3http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/812/3https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/812/3https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/812/3http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/812/3GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/812/3/table1 (Kinematics, activity, and rotation periods for MEarth M dwarfs)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/812/3/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/812/3/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/812/3/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true0.315870836.993236110.0055555555555555566/5 22 125 309 399 462 547 636 836 861 1020 1025 1274 1276 1703 1712 1911 2330 2456 2484 2739 2783 2958 3035 3715 3866 4048 4145 4299 4425 4560 4629 4693 4739 4931 4932 5176 5225 5264 5304 5387 5420 5422 5428 5463 5483 5504 5590 5610 5630 5743 5810 5849 5902 5917 5927 5935 6151 6169 6437 6480 6550 6750 6880 6888 6892 6894 7262 7313 7376 7388 7543 7675 7797 7810 7963 7984 8034 8092 8163 8392 8574 8652 8723 8756 8920 9042 9531 9747 9867 10416 10433 10644 10676 10834 11044 11055 11056 11527 11593 11713 11767 11884 11962 12027 12075 12090 12108 12184 12454 12777 13158 13260 13512 13748 13750 14159 14187 14373 14515 14576 14781 14971 15516 15592 15776 15784 15866 16266 16296 17776 17785 17813 17843 17863 18188 19323 19510 19586 19587 19612 19668 19751 19756 19879 20074 20154 20257 20291 20299 20314 20362 21884 21954 21988 22014 22253 22289 22302 22325 22343 22367 23211 23265 23293 23331 23391 23425 23443 23516 23519 23527 23554 23564 23595 23607 23696 23704 23859 24016 24223 24249 24288 24330 26055 26279 26327 26340 26388 26507 26594 26972 26991 27056 27086 27225 27311 27326 27357 27441 27519 27537 27762 27792 27820 27967 28053 28093 28135 28306 28340 28343 28360 28387 28417 30146 30177 30454 30613 31130 31148 31327 31592 31694 31764 31773 32015 32038 32063 32104 32115 32158 32329 32500 32541 32749https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/812/3?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/812/3/table1Kinematics, activity, and rotation periods for MEarth M dwarfsSpTMK spectral typesrc.spTypecharTiO5[0.2/0.7] The TiO5 molecular bandhead index (6)meta.code;spect.indexfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintLSPMM Dwarf identifier (JHHMM+DDMMW)meta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000[0/23] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[0/83] Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainDist[5.4/65]? Distancepcpos.distance;pos.heliocentricfloatnullablef_Dist[DL] Flag on Dist (1)meta.codecharRVel[-90/84] Radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatpmRA[-1540/1749] Proper motion along RA (2)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.raintpmDE[-5123/591] Proper motion along DE (2)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decintU[-49.1/58]? The U radial velocity (3)km/spos.cartesian.xfloatnullablee_U? Uncertainty in Ukm/sstat.error;pos.cartesian.xfloatnullableV[-66.7/35]? The V tangential velocity (3)km/spos.cartesian.yfloatnullablee_V? Uncertainty in Vkm/sstat.error;pos.cartesian.yfloatnullableW[-36.1/54]? The W velocity perpendicular to the plane (3)km/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.zfloatnullablee_W? Uncertainty in Wkm/sstat.error;pos.cartesian.zfloatnullablePer[0.16/154.2]? Rotation perioddtime.perioddoublenullableAmp[0.002/0.05]? Rotation semi-amplitudemagsrc.var.amplitudefloatnullableSeasonRotation seasonyrphyscharHaEW[0.7/29]? H{alpha} equivalent width; Angstroms (4)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidth;em.line.Halphafloatnullablee_HaEW[0.2/6.3]? Uncertainty in HaEW0.1nmstat.errorfloatnullableAFlag[0/1] Activity flag (1=active M dwarf, 0=Inactive M dwarf; see Section 3.1)meta.codeintRFlag[0/2] Rotation flag (5)meta.codeintlogL[-5.4/-3.1]? Log ratio of H{alpha} to bolometric luminositiesphys.luminosity;arith.ratiofloatnullableTiO1[0.5/1] The TiO1 molecular bandhead index (6)meta.code;spect.indexfloate_TiO1Uncertainty in TiO1stat.errorfloatTiO2[0.01/0.2] The TiO2 molecular bandhead index (6)meta.code;spect.indexfloate_TiO2Uncertainty in TiO2stat.errorfloatTiO3[0.4/0.9] The TiO3 molecular bandhead index (6)meta.code;spect.indexfloate_TiO3Uncertainty in TiO3stat.errorfloatTiO4[0.4/0.9] The TiO4 molecular bandhead index (6)meta.code;spect.indexfloate_TiO4Uncertainty in TiO4stat.errorfloate_TiO5Uncertainty in TiO5stat.errorfloatCaH2[0.2/0.7] The CaH2 molecular bandhead index (6)meta.code;spect.indexfloate_CaH2Uncertainty in CaH2stat.errorfloatCaH3[0.5/0.9] The CaH3 molecular bandhead index (6)meta.code;spect.indexfloate_CaH3Uncertainty in CaH3stat.errorfloatCaOH[0.1/0.7] The CaOH molecular bandhead index (6)meta.code;spect.indexfloate_CaOHUncertainty in CaOHstat.errorfloatNaI[-12/6] Na I absorption line equivalent width; Angstroms0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthdoublee_NaIUncertainty in NaI0.1nmstat.errorfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar