J/ApJ/806/16ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/806/16doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18060016CDSBerg D.A.Skillman E.D.Croxall K.V.Pogge R.W.Moustakas J.,Johnson-Groh M.2024-11-18T20:10:39Z2015-12-11T13:56:11ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frchemical-abundancesgalaxiesspectroscopyline-intensitiesThe CHemical Abundances of Spirals (CHAOS) project leverages the combined power of the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) with the broad spectral range and sensitivity of the Multi Object Double Spectrograph (MODS) to measure "direct" abundances (based on observations of the temperature-sensitive auroral lines) in large samples of HII regions in spiral galaxies. We present LBT MODS observations of 62 HII regions in the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 628, with an unprecedentedly large number of auroral lines measurements (18 [OIII]{lambda}4363, 29 [NII]{lambda}5755, 40 [SIII]{lambda}6312, and 40 [OII]{lambda}{lambda}7320,7330 detections) in 45 HII regions. We conduct a uniform abundance analysis prioritizing the temperatures derived from [SIII]{lambda}6312 and [NII]{lambda}5755, and report the gas-phase abundance gradients for NGC 628. Relative abundances of S/O, Ne/O, and Ar/O are constant across the galaxy, consistent with no systematic change in the upper IMF over the sampled range in metallicity. These alpha-element ratios, along with N/O, all show small dispersions ({sigma}~0.1dex) over 70% of the azimuthally averaged radius. We interpret these results as an indication that, at a given radius, the interstellar medium in NGC 628 is chemically well-mixed. Unlike the gradients in the nearly temperature-independent relative abundances, O/H abundances have a larger intrinsic dispersion of ~0.165dex. We posit that this dispersion represents an upper limit to the true dispersion in O/H at a given radius and that some of that dispersion is due to systematic uncertainties arising from temperature measurements.2015ApJ...806...16Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/806/16CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toVI/141 : Nebular [OIII] collision strengths - SSB (Storey+, 2014)J/ApJ/808/42 : CHAOS II. NGC 5194 (Croxall+, 2015)J/ApJ/752/148 : {kappa}-distributed electrons & OIII (Nicholls+, 2012)J/A+A/546/A2 : Spectroscopy of HII regions in nearby gal. (Sanchez+, 2012)J/A+A/545/A43 : HII regions in NGC 628 and NGC 6946 (Cedres+, 2012)J/ApJS/192/6 : A GALEX UV imaging survey of nearby galaxies (Lee+, 2011)J/ApJS/190/233 : Spectroscopy & abundances of SINGS galaxies (Moustakas+, 2010)J/ApJS/188/32 : Breit-Pauli transition probabilities for SII (Tayal+, 2010)J/ApJ/703/1569 : Radial distribution in SINGS gal. I. (Munoz-Mateos+, 2009)J/ApJ/700/654 : Keck spectroscopy of extragalactic HII regions (Esteban+ 2009)J/A+A/500/1253 : Electron-impact excitation of ArIII (Munoz Burgos+, 2009)J/ApJ/675/1213 : Abundances in M33 HII regions (Rosolowsky+, 2008)J/A+A/466/905 : HII regions in NGC 628 (Fathi+, 2007)J/A+A/462/535 : Low-metallicity HII regions and galaxies (Yin+, 2007)J/ApJ/636/214 : HII regions in dwarf irregular galaxies (van Zee+, 2006)J/A+A/441/981 : HII regions in 5 spiral galaxies (Bresolin+, 2005)J/A+A/385/716 : N-like and O-like Breit-Pauli energy levels (Tachiev+, 2002)J/AJ/120/1306 : NGC 628 H II regions (Lelievre+, 2000)J/ApJ/526/544 : Collision strengths in S III (Tayal+, 1999)J/ApJ/510/104 : Ionizing Stars of Extragalactic H II Regions (Bresolin+ 1999)J/AJ/116/2805 : H II regions in spiral galaxies (Van Zee+, 1998)J/A+AS/119/499 : NGC 628 and companions photometric distances (Sharina+ 1996)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/806/16https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/806/16http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/806/16https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/806/16https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/806/16http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/806/16GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/806/16/table2 (*Logs for NGC628 Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) observations)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/806/16/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/806/16/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/806/16/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true24.170515.78390560.0055555555555555566/18398https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/806/16?format=asciidefaultJ/ApJ/806/16/table2*Logs for NGC628 Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) observationsSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGalGalaxy name (NGC628)meta.id.parentcharRegHII Region (+/-offsets in RA/DE)meta.id;meta.maincharprimaryAlink to abundancesmeta.ref.urlcharRAJ2000Hour of right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainRgarc[12/300.5] Deprojected HII distance from galaxy center in arcsecarcsecpos.distancefloatR/R25[0.03/1] Deprojected HII distance from galaxy center in fraction of R25pos.distancefloatRgkpc[0.4/10.5] Deprojected HII distance from galaxy center in kpckpcpos.distancefloatoRA[-206.5/298.4] RA offsetarcsecpos.eq.ra;arith.difffloatoDE[-191.1/190.2] DE offsetarcsecpos.eq.dec;arith.difffloatdOIII[Y/ ] [OIII]4363 detection at 4{sigma}?meta.codechardNII[Y/ ] [NII]5755 detection at 4{sigma}?meta.codechardSIII[Y/ ] [SIII]6312 detection at 4{sigma}?meta.codechardOII[Y/ ] [OII]7320,7330 detection at 4{sigma}?meta.codechardSII[ ] [SII]4068,4076 detection at 4{sigma}?meta.codecharJ/ApJ/806/16/table3aEmission-line intensities for LBT observations of HII regions in NGC 628RegRegion identifier (offsets in RA/DE) (G1)meta.id;meta.maincharLineLine identifiermeta.id;spect.linerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintlambda[3721/9546] Wavelength in Angstroms0.1nmem.wlintl_FluxLimit flag on Fluxmeta.code.error;phot.fluxcharFlux[0.001/5.2]? Emission line flux relative to H{beta}phot.flux;arith.ratiofloatnullablee_Flux[0.001/0.3]? Uncertainty in Fluxstat.error;phot.fluxfloatnullableJ/ApJ/806/16/table3bEquivalent withs for LBT observations of HII regions in NGC 628RegRegion identifier (offsets in RA/DE) (G1)meta.id;meta.maincharSpInteractive plot of spectrummeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintl_CHbLimit flag on CHbmeta.code.errorcharCHb[0.03/0.6] Reddening value at H{beta}: C_H{beta}_=1.43*E(B-V)phot.color.excessfloate_CHb[0.01/0.03]? CHb uncertaintystat.errorfloatnullableFHb[22.6/1618] Reddening corrected H{beta} flux in units of 1e-16erg/s/cm^2^1e-19W.m**-2phot.flux;em.line.Hbetafloate_FHb[0.2/12] FHb uncertainty1e-19W.m**-2stat.errorfloatEWHa[26.8/912.1] H{alpha} equivalent width in Angstroms0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloatEWHb[87.6/3474.3] H{beta} equivalent width in Angstroms0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloatJ/ApJ/806/16/table5*Ionic and total abundances for MODS/LBT observations of NGC 628RegRegion identifier (offsets in RA/DE) (G1)meta.id;meta.mainchare_TO2m[100/700]? TO2m uncertaintyKstat.errorintnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTO2m[7300/13800]? Measured electron temperature in the [OII] region (1)Kphys.temperature;phys.electronintnullableT03m[8200/13200]? Measured electron temperature in the [OIII] region (1)Kphys.temperature;phys.electronintnullablee_T03m[100/1100]? T03m uncertaintyKstat.errorintnullablelog(Ar/O)[-2.5/-1.9] Argon-to-oxygen abundance ratiophys.abundfloatTN2m[6700/12000]? Measured electron temperature in the [NII] region (1)Kphys.temperature;phys.electronintnullablee_TN2m[100/1200]? TN2m uncertaintyKstat.errorintnullableTS3m[5300/9900]? Measured electron temperature in the [SIII] region (1)Kphys.temperature;phys.electronintnullablee_TS3m[0/800]? TS3m uncertaintyKstat.errorintnullablene1[8/404]? Measured electron density n_e_cm**-3phys.density;phys.electronintnullableTO2[6000/12200] Used electron temperature in the [OII] region (1)Kphys.temperature;phys.electroninte_TO2[200/900] TO2 uncertaintyKstat.errorintTO3[4300/13200] Used electron temperature in the [OIII] region (1)Kphys.temperature;phys.electroninte_TO3[500/1100] TO3 uncertaintyKstat.errorintTN2[6000/12200] Used electron temperature in the [NII] region (1)Kphys.temperature;phys.electroninte_TN2[200/1200] TN2 uncertaintyKstat.errorintTS3[5300/12600] Used electron temperature in the [SIII] region (1)Kphys.temperature;phys.electroninte_TS3[200/800] TS3 uncertaintyKstat.errorintne[100/404] Used electron densityphys.density;phys.electronintO+/H+[4.5/52.4] O+/H+ abundance ratiophys.abundfloate_O+/H+[0.5/13] O+/H+ uncertaintystat.error;phys.abundfloatO++/H+[3.8/40.5] O++/H+ abundance ratiophys.abundfloate_O++/H+[0.4/14] O++/H+ uncertaintystat.error;phys.abundfloatlog(O/H)[8/9] Oxygen abundance 12+log(O/H)phys.abundfloate_log(O/H)[0.03/0.1] log(O/H) uncertaintystat.errorfloatN+/H+[2/93] N+/H+ abundance ratiophys.abundfloate_N+/H+[0.1/15] N+/H+ uncertaintystat.error;phys.abundfloatICF(N)[1/5.6] Nitrogen ionization correction factorarith.factorfloate_ICF(N)[0.1/0.8] ICF(N) uncertaintystat.errorfloatlog(N/O)[-1.4/-0.6] Nitrogen-to-oxygen abundance ratiophys.abundfloate_log(N/O)[0.01/0.2] log(N/O) uncertaintystat.errorfloatlog(N/H)[6.8/8.2] Nitrogen abundance, 12+log(N/H)phys.abundfloate_log(N/H)[0.03/0.2] log(N/H) uncertaintystat.errorfloatS+/H+[3.4/69] S+/H+ abundance ratiophys.abundfloate_S+/H+[0.2/10] S+/H+ uncertaintystat.error;phys.abundfloatS++/H+[24/271] S++/H+ abundance ratiophys.abundfloate_S++/H+[0.9/21] S++/H+ uncertaintystat.error;phys.abundfloatICF(S)[1/1.7] Sulfer ionization correction factorarith.factorfloate_ICF(S)[0.1/0.2] ICF(S) uncertaintystat.errorfloatlog(S/O)[-1.7/-1.1] Sulfer-to-oxygen abundance ratiophys.abundfloate_log(S/O)[0.05/0.2] log(S/O) uncertaintystat.errorfloatlog(S/H)[6.6/7.6] Sulfer abundance, 12+log(S/H)phys.abundfloate_log(S/H)[0.04/0.07] log(S/H) uncertaintystat.errorfloatNe++/H+[8/103]? Ne++/H+ abundance ratiophys.abundfloatnullablee_Ne++/H+[0.05/4]? Ne++/H+ uncertaintystat.error;phys.abundfloatnullableICF(Ne)[1.2/6.3] Neon ionization correction factorarith.factorfloate_ICF(Ne)[0.1/2.6] ICF(Ne) uncertaintystat.errorfloatlog(Ne/O)[-1/-0.4]? Neon-to-oxygen abundance ratiophys.abundfloatnullablee_log(Ne/O)[0.04/0.2]? log(Ne/O) uncertaintystat.errorfloatnullablelog(Ne/H)[7.4/8.3]? Neon abundance, 12+log(Ne/H)phys.abundfloatnullablee_log(Ne/H)[0.05/0.2]? log(Ne/H) uncertaintystat.errorfloatnullableAr++/H+[4.5/25.4] Ar++/H+ abundance ratiophys.abundfloate_Ar++/H+[0.1/2.4] Ar++/H+ uncertaintystat.error;phys.abundfloatICF(Ar)[1.4/3.5] Argon ionization correction factorarith.factorfloate_ICF(Ar)[0.1/0.4] ICF(Ar) uncertaintystat.errorfloate_log(Ar/O)[0.05/0.2] log(Ar/O) uncertaintystat.errorfloatlog(Ar/H)[5.9/6.6] Argon abundance, 12+log(Ar/H)phys.abundfloate_log(Ar/H)[0.04/0.1] log(Ar/H) uncertaintystat.errorfloat