J/ApJ/805/90ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/805/90doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18050090CDSTsai C.-W.Eisenhardt P.R.M.Wu J.Stern D.Assef R.J.Blain A.W.,Bridge C.R.Benford D.J.Cutri R.M.Griffith R.L.Jarrett T.H.,Lonsdale C.J.Masci F.J.Moustakas L.A.Petty S.M.Sayers J.,Stanford S.A.Wright E.L.Yan L.Leisawitz D.T.Liu F.Mainzer A.K.,McLean I.S.Padgett D.L.Skrutskie M.F.Gelino C.R.Beichman C.A.,Juneau S.2017-07-05T06:59:43Z2015-10-14T13:28:46ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgalaxiesinfrared-sourcesquasarsinfrared-photometryspectral-energy-distributionWe present 20 Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE)-selected galaxies with bolometric luminosities L_bol_>10^14^L_{sun}_, including five with infrared luminosities L_IR_{equiv}L_(rest8-1000{mu}m)_>10^14^L_{sun}_. These "extremely luminous infrared galaxies", or ELIRGs, were discovered using the "W1W2-dropout" selection criteria which requires marginal or non-detections at 3.4 and 4.6{mu}m (W1 and W2, respectively) but strong detections at 12 and 22{mu}m in the WISE survey. Their spectral energy distributions are dominated by emission at rest-frame 4-10{mu}m, suggesting that hot dust with T_d_~450K is responsible for the high luminosities. These galaxies are likely powered by highly obscured active galactic nuclei (AGNs), and there is no evidence suggesting these systems are beamed or lensed. We compare this WISE-selected sample with 116 optically selected quasars that reach the same L_bol_ level, corresponding to the most luminous unobscured quasars in the literature. We find that the rest-frame 5.8 and 7.8{mu}m luminosities of the WISE-selected ELIRGs can be 30%-80% higher than that of the unobscured quasars. The existence of AGNs with L_bol_>10^14^L_{sun}_ at z>3 suggests that these supermassive black holes are born with large mass, or have very rapid mass assembly. For black hole seed masses ~10^3^M_{sun}_, either sustained super-Eddington accretion is needed, or the radiative efficiency must be <15%, implying a black hole with slow spin, possibly due to chaotic accretion.2015ApJ...805...90Thttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/805/90CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/328 : AllWISE Data Release (Cutri+ 2013)VI/139 : Herschel Observation Log (Herschel Science Centre, 2013)II/319 : UKIDSS-DR9 LAS, GCS and DXS Surveys (Lawrence+ 2012)V/139 : The SDSS Photometric Catalog, Release 9 (Adelman-McCarthy+, 2012)VII/258 : Quasars and Active Galactic Nuclei (13th Ed.) (Veron+ 2010)VII/260 : The SDSS-DR7 quasar catalog (Schneider+, 2010)VII/241 : The 2dF QSO Redshift Survey (Croom+ 2004)J/ApJ/804/27 : NIR photometry of hot dust-obscured galaxies (Assef+, 2015)J/ApJ/773/14 : BOSS: quasar luminosity function (Ross+, 2013)J/ApJ/772/26 : AGN with WISE. II. The NDWFS Bootes field (Assef+, 2013)J/ApJ/764/45 : Luminosity function of broad-line quasars. II. (Kelly+, 2013)J/ApJ/761/184 : IR luminosities for dusty AGNs and QSOs (Weedman+, 2012)J/ApJ/761/140 : Spectroscopy of Herschel-SPIRE galaxies (Casey+, 2012)J/ApJ/744/150 : Dust-obscured galaxies (DOGs) at z=~2 (Bussmann+, 2012)J/AJ/144/148 : IR photometry of brown dwarf and Hyper-LIRG (Griffith+, 2012)J/AJ/143/125 : SED of 113 dust-obscured galaxies at z~2 (Melbourne+, 2012)J/MNRAS/405/2302 : Improved redshifts for SDSS quasar spectra (Hewett+, 2010)J/ApJ/713/970 : Low-resolution SED templates for AGNs & gal. (Assef+, 2010)J/A+A/495/691 : Multifrequency catalog of blazars, Roma-BZCAT (Massaro+, 2009)J/MNRAS/392/19 : The 2dF-SDSS QSO survey (Croom+, 2009)J/ApJS/175/191 : Variables from 2MASS calibration fields (Plavchan+, 2008)J/ApJ/663/81 : SED of hard X-ray selected AGN in XMDS (Polletta+, 2007)J/ApJ/642/673 : IR-selected obscured AGN candidates (Polletta+, 2006)J/ApJ/633/630 : Low-mass stars found in CFHTLS (Willott+, 2005)J/A+AS/123/219 : The B3-VLA Quasar Sample (Vigotti+ 1997)J/A+AS/119/265 : High probability quasar candidates (Iovino+, 1996)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/805/90https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/805/90http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/805/90https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/805/90https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/805/90http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/805/90GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/805/90/elirgs (Photometry and luminosities of WISE extremely luminous infrared galaxies (ELIRGs))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/805/90/elirgs?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/805/90/elirgs?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/805/90/elirgs?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true19.0059167-5.08450.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/805/90/qsos (Properties and phototometry of optically selected quasars)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/805/90/qsos?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/805/90/qsos?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/805/90/qsos?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true0.8454583-26.05466670.0055555555555555566/592 702 971 1701 4139 4301 4369 4378 4677 5264 5349 5533 5563 5723 5952 6196 6576 6591 6652 7168 7216 7500 8003 8276 8289 8521 8552 8553 9112 9314 9457 9747 9801 9855 9901 9988 10074 10084 10140 10474 10607 10734 10785 10994 10996 11040 11214 11308 11337 11339 11498 11581 11596 11723 11765 11940 12752 14881 16269 16589 17190 17636 17641 17813 17860 17898 18004 18366 18406 18642 18644 18835 18880 19066 19087 19458 19528 19682 20536 20610 21880 22682 24886 25120 25273 25285 25307 25540 25837 26125 26167 26427 27341 27365 27520 27649 27729 27787 27846 27855 27889 28034 28064 28086 28147 28148 28174 28330 28416 28561 28611 28648 31313 31622 32466 33684 33746 34050 34107 34512 35006 35275 35585 35691 36417 39049 40446 43903 44833 45351 46168 46279 46418 46890 47007 482623.2031150387835462e-22 6.513807192489934e-20https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/805/90?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/805/90/elirgsPhotometry and luminosities of WISE extremely luminous infrared galaxies (ELIRGs)SimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDSource designation (WHHMM+DDMM; J2000)meta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000WISE hour of right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000WISE degree of declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainz[2.6/4.6] Redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatn_z[a] a: Redshift from Wu et al. (2012ApJ...756...96W)meta.notecharq_z[AB] Quality of the redshift (A=secure) (1)meta.code.qual;src.redshiftcharl_Sr'3{sigma} upper limit flag on Sr'meta.code.errorcharSr'[0.6/10.2]? r'band flux densityuJyphot.flux.density;em.opt.Rfloatnullablee_Sr'[0.1/0.5]? 1{sigma} uncertainty on Sr'uJystat.errorfloatnullablef_Sr'[a] Unpublished r' (1)meta.codecharS3.6[15/58] Spitzer/IRAC 3.6um flux densityuJyphot.mag;em.IR.3-4uminte_S3.6[2/8] 1{sigma} uncertainty on S3.6uJystat.errorintf_S3.6[b] S3.6 from WISE (1)meta.codecharS4.5[17/99] Spitzer/IRAC 4.5um flux densityuJyphot.mag;em.IR.4-8uminte_S4.5[1/12] 1{sigma} uncertainty on S4.5uJystat.errorintf_S4.5[b] S4.5 from WISE (1)meta.codecharS12[0.7/5] WISE 12um flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloate_S12[0.1/0.2] 1{sigma} uncertainty on S12mJystat.errorfloatS22[8.4/27.5] WISE 22um flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloate_S22[0.8/1.6] 1{sigma} uncertainty on S22mJystat.errorfloatl_S703{sigma} upper limit flag on S70meta.code.errorcharS70[20/94]? Herschel/PACS 70um flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.30-60umintnullablee_S70[2/3]? 1{sigma} uncertainty on S70mJystat.errorintnullablel_S1603{sigma} upper limit flag on S160meta.code.errorcharS160[30/219]? Herschel/PACS 160um flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.1500-3000GHzintnullablee_S160[2/10]? 1{sigma} uncertainty on S160mJystat.errorintnullablel_S2503{sigma} upper limit flag on S250meta.code.errorcharS250[27/213] Herschel/SPIRE 250um flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.750-1500GHzinte_S250[9/12]? 1{sigma} uncertainty on S250mJystat.errorintnullablel_S3503{sigma} upper limit flag on S350meta.code.errorcharS350[30/138] Herschel/SPIRE 350um flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.750-1500GHzinte_S350[10/16]? 1{sigma} uncertainty on S350mJystat.errorintnullablel_S5003{sigma} upper limit flag on S500meta.code.errorcharS500[22/97] Herschel/SPIRE 500um flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.400-750GHzinte_S500[11/15]? 1{sigma} uncertainty on S500mJystat.errorintnullableSEDSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharLbol[10/35] Bolometric luminosity (1)1e+13solLumphys.luminosityfloatLIR[5.8/22.1] Infrared luminosity from rest-frame 8-1000{mu}m1e+13solLumphys.luminosity;em.IRfloatL0.1-1[0/0.2] Rest-frame 0.1-1um luminosity1e+13solLumphys.luminosity;em.IRfloatL1-20[5.7/22.2] 1-20um luminosity (L_MIR_)1e+13solLumphys.luminosity;em.IRfloatL20+[2.1/12.6] >20um luminosity1e+13solLumphys.luminosity;em.IRfloatL5.8[0.8/1.9] 5.8um luminosity1e+13solLumphys.luminosity;em.IRfloatL7.8[0.8/1.8] 7.8um luminosity1e+13solLumphys.luminosity;em.IRfloatJ/ApJ/805/90/qsosProperties and phototometry of optically selected quasarsSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharIDSource identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainz[1.2/4.9] Redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatr_zReference for z (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharLbol[1/3.2] Bolometric luminosity; see Section 3.31e+14solLumphys.luminosityfloatSR[0.05/7] The R band flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.opt.Rfloate_SR[0.02/2] The 1{sigma} uncertainty in SRmJystat.errorfloatS3.4[0.3/10.5] WISE 3.4um flux densitymJyphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloate_S3.4[0.01/0.3] The 1{sigma} uncertainty in S3.4mJystat.errorfloatS4.6[0.2/19.9] WISE 4.6um flux densitymJyphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloate_S4.6[0.01/0.4] The 1{sigma} uncertainty in S4.6mJystat.errorfloatS12[0.8/54.7] WISE 12 micron band flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloate_S12[0.1/0.7] The 1{sigma} uncertainty in S12mJystat.errorfloatS22[3/115.4] WISE 22 micron band flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloate_S22[0.5/4.1] The 1{sigma} uncertainty in S22mJystat.errorfloatS70[16/128]? Herschel/PACS 70 micron band flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.30-60umintnullablee_S70[2/3]? The 1{sigma} uncertainty in S70mJystat.errorintnullableS160[32/156]? Herschel/PACS 160um band flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.1500-3000GHzintnullablee_S160[5/9]? The 1{sigma} uncertainty in S160mJystat.errorintnullableS250[23/111]? Herschel/SPIRE 250um band flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.750-1500GHzintnullablee_S250[1/9]? The 1{sigma} uncertainty in S250mJystat.errorintnullableS350[17/82]? Herschel/SPIRE 350um band flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.750-1500GHzintnullablee_S350[1/8]? The 1{sigma} uncertainty in S350mJystat.errorintnullableS500[14/75]? Herschel/SPIRE 500um band flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.mm.400-750GHzintnullablee_S500[1/10]? The 1{sigma} uncertainty in S500mJystat.errorintnullableV10Sources within 3" of Veron et al. 2010, VII/258meta.ref.urlintnullableSEDSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharSloanDisplay the online SDSS data for the nearest objectmeta.ref.urlchar