J/ApJ/801/45ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/801/45doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18010045CDSHernitschek N.Rix H.-W.Bovy J.Morganson E.2017-10-26T12:49:12Z2017-09-18T14:01:23ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frquasarsactive-galactic-nucleigalaxiesphotometryredshiftedline-intensitiesWe explore the practical feasibility of active galactic nucleus (AGN) broadband reverberation mapping and present first results. We lay out and apply a rigorous approach for the stochastic reverberation mapping of unevenly sampled multi-broadband flux measurements, assuming that the broad-line region (BLR) line flux is contributing up to 15% in some bands, and is directly constrained by one spectroscopical epoch. The approach describes variations of the observed flux as the continuum, modeled as a stochastic Gaussian process, and emission line contribution, modeled as a scaled, smoothed, and delayed version of the continuum. This approach can be used not only to interpolate in time between measurements, but also to determine confidence limits on continuum-line emission delays. This approach is applied to Sloan Digital Sky Survey observations in Stripe 82 (S82), providing flux measurements that are precise to 2% at ~60 epochs over ~10 yr. The strong annual variations in the epoch sampling prove a serious limitation in practice. In addition, suitable redshift ranges must be identified where strong, broad emission lines contribute to one filter, but not to another. By generating and evaluating problem-specific mock data, we verify that S82-like data can constrain {tau}_delay_ for a simple transfer function model. In application to real data, we estimate {tau}_delay_ for 323 AGNs with 0.225<z<0.846, combining information for different objects through the ensemble-scaling relationships for BLR size and black hole mass. Our analysis tentatively indicates a 1.7 times larger BLR size of H{alpha} and Mg II compared to Kaspi et al. (2000ApJ...533..631K; 2007ApJ...659..997K) and Vestergaard (2002ApJ...571..733V; 2006ApJ...641..689V), but the seasonal data sampling casts doubt on the robustness of the inference.2015ApJ...801...45Hhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/801/45CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toVII/69 : Asiago Catalogue of QSOs (Barbieri+ 1983)J/ApJ/613/682 : AGN central masses and broad-line region sizesJ/ApJ/669/791 : Quasar black hole masses (Wilhite+, 2007)J/A+A/525/A37 : Variability indexes of QSOs in SDSS Stripe 82J/ApJ/805/96 : SDSS-RM project: velocity dispersions of QSOs (Shen+, 2015)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/801/45https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/801/45http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/801/45https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/801/45https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/801/45http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/801/45GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/801/45/table2 (1 Properties and Reverberation Mapping Results z=0.225-0.291, with i Band: H{alpha}, z Band: Continuum)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/801/45/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/801/45/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/801/45/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true318.1453261-0.99079890.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/801/45/table5 (4 Properties and Reverberation Mapping Results z=0.7-0.846, with g Band: Mg II, r Band: Continuum)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/801/45/table5?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/801/45/table5?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/801/45/table5?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true323.8354517-1.05511280.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/801/45/table3 (2 Properties and Reverberation Mapping Results z=0.555-0.591, with g Band: Mg II, r Band: Continuum)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/801/45/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/801/45/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/801/45/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true352.9907333-0.85860.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/801/45/table4 (3 Properties and Reverberation Mapping Results z=0.592-0.6999, with g Band: Mg II, r Band: Continuum)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/801/45/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/801/45/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/801/45/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true315.4547417-1.14689170.0055555555555555565/4438 4441 4458 4505 4693 4697 5797 5802 6/0 1 2 17405 17406 17407 17661 17662 17663 17725 17727 17743 17747 17748 17749 17750 17756 17758 17761 17763 17768 17769 17770 17772 17773 17774 17779 17805 17806 17810 17812 17813 17815 17816 17818 17820 17821 17822 17829 17831 17838 17840 17841 17856 17981 17983 17999 18002 18005 18007 18010 18011 18012 18018 18019 18026 18027 18033 18034 18062 18063 18065 18066 18067 18068 18069 18070 18072 18073 18076 18085 18086 18088 18089 18092 18093 18094 18096 18097 18114 18176 18178 18751 18766 18769 18777 18778 18780 18786 18787 18793 18794 18800 18801 18833 18835 18836 18837 18838 18840 18841 18843 18844 18845 18850 18851 18852 18854 18856 18857 18858 18861 18866 18880 18882 19006 19023 19025 19027 19033 19034 19036 19037 19038 19044 19046 19047 19048 19050 19053 19056 19058 19089 19090 19092 19093 19097 19105 19109 19110 19111 19121 19136 19137 19200 19201 19456 19457 19458 23103 23147 23181 23182 23183 23186 23187 23192 23193 23194 23196 23197 23198 23203 23204 23206 23212 23214 23216 23217 23232 30034 30035 30038 30044 30046 36861 36863 49149https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/801/45?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/801/45/table21 Properties and Reverberation Mapping Results z=0.225-0.291, with i Band: H{alpha}, z Band: ContinuumSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idchare_EWUncertainty in EW0.1nmstat.error;spect.line.eqWidthdoublerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDobjid SDSS unique object identifiermeta.id;meta.mainzRedshiftsrc.redshiftfloatEWRest frame equivalent width of broad line0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthdoubleFWHM(Hb)? FWHM of broad H{beta} line1000km.s**-1spect.line.widthdoublenullablee_FWHM(Hb)? Uncertainty in FWHM(Hb)1000km.s**-1stat.errordoublenullablelogL5100Log luminosity at 5100{AA} (erg/s)log(1e-07W)phys.luminosity;em.optfloate_logL5100Uncertainty in logL5100log(1e-07W)stat.errorfloatRBLRkBLR (broad-line region) size, computed from Kaspi relation (2000ApJ...533..631K), in rest frame, in light-days units173AUphys.size.diameterdoubleE_RBLRk? Upper limit uncertainty in RBLRk173AUstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullablee_RBLRk? Lower limit uncertainty in RBLRk173AUstat.errordoublenullableRBLRBLR size own computed from all points within the 68% confidence interval, in rest frame, in light-days units173AUphys.size.diameterdoubleE_RBLRUpper limit uncertainty in RBLR173AUstat.error;stat.maxdoublee_RBLRLower limit uncertainty in RBLR173AUstat.errordouble_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJ/801/45/table54 Properties and Reverberation Mapping Results z=0.7-0.846, with g Band: Mg II, r Band: ContinuumSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDobjid SDSS unique object identifiermeta.id;meta.mainzRedshiftsrc.redshiftfloatEWRest frame equivalent width of broad line0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthdoublee_EWUncertainty in EW0.1nmstat.error;spect.line.eqWidthdoubleFWHM(Hb)? FWHM of broad H{beta} line1000km.s**-1spect.line.widthdoublenullablee_FWHM(Hb)? Uncertainty in FWHM(Hb)1000km.s**-1stat.errordoublenullablelogL5100Log luminosity at 5100{AA} (erg/s)log(1e-07W)phys.luminosity;em.optfloate_logL5100Uncertainty in logL5100log(1e-07W)stat.errorfloatRBLRkBLR (broad-line region) size, computed from Kaspi relation (2000ApJ...533..631K), in rest frame, in light-days units173AUphys.size.diameterdoubleE_RBLRk? Upper limit uncertainty in RBLRk173AUstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullablee_RBLRk? Lower limit uncertainty in RBLRk173AUstat.errordoublenullableRBLRBLR size own computed from all points within the 68% confidence interval, in rest frame, in light-days units173AUphys.size.diameterdoubleE_RBLRUpper limit uncertainty in RBLR173AUstat.error;stat.maxdoublee_RBLRLower limit uncertainty in RBLR173AUstat.errordouble_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJ/801/45/table32 Properties and Reverberation Mapping Results z=0.555-0.591, with g Band: Mg II, r Band: ContinuumSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDobjid SDSS unique object identifiermeta.id;meta.mainzRedshiftsrc.redshiftfloatEWRest frame equivalent width of broad line0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthdoublee_EWUncertainty in EW0.1nmstat.error;spect.line.eqWidthdoubleFWHM(Hb)? FWHM of broad H{beta} line1000km.s**-1spect.line.widthdoublenullablee_FWHM(Hb)? Uncertainty in FWHM(Hb)1000km.s**-1stat.errordoublenullablelogL5100Log luminosity at 5100{AA} (erg/s)log(1e-07W)phys.luminosity;em.optfloate_logL5100Uncertainty in logL5100log(1e-07W)stat.errorfloatRBLRkBLR (broad-line region) size, computed from Kaspi relation (2000ApJ...533..631K), in rest frame, in light-days units173AUphys.size.diameterdoubleE_RBLRk? Upper limit uncertainty in RBLRk173AUstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullablee_RBLRk? Lower limit uncertainty in RBLRk173AUstat.errordoublenullableRBLRBLR size own computed from all points within the 68% confidence interval, in rest frame, in light-days units173AUphys.size.diameterdoubleE_RBLRUpper limit uncertainty in RBLR173AUstat.error;stat.maxdoublee_RBLRLower limit uncertainty in RBLR173AUstat.errordouble_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJ/801/45/table43 Properties and Reverberation Mapping Results z=0.592-0.6999, with g Band: Mg II, r Band: ContinuumSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDobjid SDSS unique object identifiermeta.id;meta.mainzRedshiftsrc.redshiftfloatEWRest frame equivalent width of broad line0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthdoublee_EWUncertainty in EW0.1nmstat.error;spect.line.eqWidthdoubleFWHM(Hb)? FWHM of broad H{beta} line1000km.s**-1spect.line.widthdoublenullablee_FWHM(Hb)? Uncertainty in FWHM(Hb)1000km.s**-1stat.errordoublenullablelogL5100Log luminosity at 5100{AA} (erg/s)log(1e-07W)phys.luminosity;em.optfloate_logL5100Uncertainty in logL5100log(1e-07W)stat.errorfloatRBLRkBLR (broad-line region) size, computed from Kaspi relation (2000ApJ...533..631K), in rest frame, in light-days units173AUphys.size.diameterdoubleE_RBLRk? Upper limit uncertainty in RBLRk173AUstat.error;stat.maxdoublenullablee_RBLRk? Lower limit uncertainty in RBLRk173AUstat.errordoublenullableRBLRBLR size own computed from all points within the 68% confidence interval, in rest frame, in light-days units173AUphys.size.diameterdoubleE_RBLRUpper limit uncertainty in RBLR173AUstat.error;stat.maxdoublee_RBLRLower limit uncertainty in RBLR173AUstat.errordouble_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main