J/ApJ/800/17ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/800/17doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.18000017CDSFragos T.McClintock J.E.2018-05-29T07:34:48Z2015-07-28T15:00:08ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frx-ray-binary-starsstellar-spectral-typesstellar-massesGalactic field black hole (BH) low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) are believed to form in situ via the evolution of isolated binaries. In the standard formation channel, these systems survived a common envelope phase, after which the remaining helium core of the primary star and the subsequently formed BH are not expected to be highly spinning. However, the measured spins of BHs in LMXBs cover the whole range of spin parameters. We propose here that the BH spin in LMXBs is acquired through accretion onto the BH after its formation. In order to test this hypothesis, we calculated extensive grids of detailed binary mass-transfer sequences. For each sequence, we examined whether, at any point in time, the calculated binary properties are in agreement with their observationally inferred counterparts of 16 Galactic LMXBs. The "successful" sequences give estimates of the mass that the BH has accreted since the onset of Roche-Lobe overflow. We find that in all Galactic LMXBs with measured BH spin, the origin of the spin can be accounted for by the accreted matter, and we make predictions about the maximum BH spin in LMXBs where no measurement is yet available. Furthermore, we derive limits on the maximum spin that any BH can have depending on current properties of the binary it resides in. Finally we discuss the implication that our findings have on the BH birth-mass distribution, which is shifted by ~1.5M_{sun}_ toward lower masses, compared to the currently observed one.2015ApJ...800...17Fhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/800/17CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/MNRAS/426/1701 : High-frequency QPO in black hole binaries (Belloni+, 2012)J/ApJ/719/L79 : BH spin-orbit misalignment in Galactic XRBs (Fragos+, 2010)J/ApJ/699/453 : Determination of black hole masses (Shaposhnikov+, 2009)J/A+A/469/807 : Catalogue of Galactic low-mass X-ray binaries (Liu+, 2007)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/800/17https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/800/17http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/800/17https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/800/17https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/800/17http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/800/17GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/800/17/table2 (Currently observed properties of 16 Galactic LMXBs with a dynamically confirmed BH and at least an orbital period measurement)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/800/17/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/800/17/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/800/17/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true288.798122510.94576640.0055555555555555566/1226 5609 13036 14610 22159 28798 29220 30622 32208 37196 38470 41583 41809 42196 42417 42533https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/800/17?format=asciidefaultJ/ApJ/800/17/table5Selected properties of all individual mass-transfer (MT) sequences calculated to satisfy simultaneously all the observational constraints, for each of the BH LMXBs in Table 2recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDLMXB identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharn_IDNote on GRO J1655-40 (G1)meta.notecharf_ID[d] No "succesful" Mass Transfer sequence (1)meta.codecharSeq[1/2184] Mass Transfer (MT) Sequence numbermeta.idintn_Seq[b] Good MT sequence (2)meta.notecharMBHon[3/10] Blackhole mass at onset of Roche-lobe overflow (RLO)solMassphys.massfloatM2on[0.6/10] Donor mass at onset of RLOsolMassphys.massfloatPon[0.2/30] Orbital period at onset of RLOdtime.periodfloatX2on[0/0.7] Central H fraction of donor at onset of Roche-lobe overflow (RLO)phys.mass;arith.ratiofloattau2on[0/12.4] Donor age at onset of RLOGyrtime.agefloatMBH[4.8/15.4] Current blackhole masssolMassphys.massfloatM2[0/3] Current donor masssolMassphys.massfloatlogT[2.5/4.1] Log of donor current effective temperaturelog(K)phys.temperature.effectivefloatX2[0/0.7] Current donor star H fractionphys.mass;arith.ratiofloattau2[0.04/14] Current donor ageGyrtime.agefloatB_Macc[0.02/9] Maximum mass amount blackhole can accrete (3)solMassphys.mass;stat.maxfloatMacc[0/5.5] Accreted mass (4)solMassphys.mass.lossfloatB_a*[0.01/1] Maximum spin parameter blackhole can acquire (3)stat.param;stat.maxfloata*[0/1] Spin parameter (4)phys.angMomentumfloatJ/ApJ/800/17/refsReferencesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRefReference codemeta.noteintBibCodeADS bibcode if anymeta.bib.bibcodecharAutAuthor's name(s)meta.bib.authorcharCommCommentmeta.notecharJ/ApJ/800/17/table2Currently observed properties of 16 Galactic LMXBs with a dynamically confirmed BH and at least an orbital period measuremente_a*? a* uncertaintystat.errorfloatnullableSymbolSymbol used in figures (1)meta.coderecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNmtNumber of mass-transfer sequences calculated for this LMXBmeta.numberintnullableIDLMXB identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharn_IDNote on GRO J1655-40 (G1)meta.notecharMBH[5.4/12.4] Black Hole masssolMassphys.massfloate_MBH[0.2/2] MBH uncertaintysolMassstat.errorfloatf_MBH[g] Unreliable MBH (2)meta.codecharM2[0.1/2.9]? Donor star masssolMassphys.massfloatnullablee_M2[0.05/1]? M2 uncertaintysolMassstat.errorfloatnullablePer[0.1/34]? Orbital perioddtime.periodfloatnullableSpTMK spectral type of the donor starsrc.spTypecharTeff[2905/10500]? Temperature or lower range if Tup is filledlog(K)phys.temperatureintnullableTup[4378/6466]? Upper range of temperaturelog(K)phys.temperatureintnullablee_Teff[200/500]? Teff uncertaintylog(K)stat.error;phys.temperature.effectiveintnullablef_Teff[s] Teff inferred from spectral type (3)meta.codechara*[0.05/1]? Black Hole spin parameter a_*_ (5)phys.angMomentumfloatnullablef_a*[d] Flag on a* (4)meta.codecharRefReference(s) (see refs.dat file)meta.ref;pos.framecharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPositions from SIMBAD (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from SIMBAD (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main