J/ApJ/798/54ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/798/54doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.17980054CDSGraham A.W.Scott N.2017-10-18T08:24:38Z2015-06-17T12:49:32ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgalaxiesvisible-astronomysloan-photometryredshiftedactive-galactic-nucleiSeveral recent papers have reported on the occurrence of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) containing undermassive black holes relative to a linear scaling relation between black hole mass (M_bh_) and host spheroid stellar mass (M_sph,*_). However, dramatic revisions to the M_bh_-M_sph,*_ and M_bh_-L_sph_ relations, based on samples containing predominantly inactive galaxies, have recently identified a new steeper relation at M_bh_<~(2-10)x10^8^M_{sun}_, roughly corresponding to M_sph,*_<~(0.3-1)x10^11^M_{sun}_. We show that this steeper, quadratic-like M_bh_-M_sph,*_ relation defined by the Sersic galaxies, i.e., galaxies without partially depleted cores, roughly tracks the apparent offset of the AGN having 10^5^<~M_bh_/M_{sun}_<~0.5x10^8^. That is, these AGNs are not randomly offset with low black hole masses, but also follow a steeper (nonlinear) relation. As noted by Busch et al. (2014, J/A+A/561/A140), confirmation or rejection of a possible AGN offset from the steeper M_bh_-M _sph,*_ relation defined by the Sersic galaxies will benefit from improved stellar mass-to-light ratios for the spheroids hosting these AGNs. Several implications for formation theories are noted. Furthermore, reasons for possible under- and overmassive black holes, the potential existence of intermediate mass black holes (<10^5^M_{sun}_), and the new steep (black hole)-(nuclear star cluster) relation, M_bh_{propto}M_nc_^2.7+/-0.7^, are also discussed.2015ApJ...798...54Ghttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/798/54CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toV/139 : The SDSS Photometric Catalog, Release 9 (Adelman-McCarthy+, 2012)VII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)J/AJ/147/93 : Simulation of massive early type galaxies (Do+, 2014)J/A+A/561/A140 : Low-luminosity type-1 QSO sample (Busch+, 2014)J/ApJ/775/116 : z<0.06 active black hole gal. from SDSS-DR8 (Reines+, 2013)J/ApJ/765/87 : Chandra obs. of the 2QZ Cluster 1004+00 (Lehmer+, 2013)J/ApJ/755/167 : Low-mass black holes in SDSS Seyfert 1 gal. (Dong+, 2012)J/ApJ/742/68 : HST observations of low-mass BH host galaxies (Jiang+, 2011)J/MNRAS/414/888 : ATLAS3D project. III. (Emsellem+, 2011)J/ApJ/699/800 : Mass functions of active black holes (Vestergaard+, 2009)J/MNRAS/389/1924 : Old stellar systems (Forbes+, 2008)J/A+A/486/85 : ACO496 low-luminosity early-type gal. (Chilingarian+, 2008)J/ApJ/680/169 : SDSS DR5 virial black hole masses (Shen+, 2008)J/ApJ/678/116 : AGNs in nuclear star clusters (Seth+, 2008)J/ApJ/670/92 : New sample of low-mass black holes in AGN (Greene+, 2007)J/AJ/131/1236 : Central black holes of spiral galaxies (Dong+, 2006)J/MNRAS/363/1019 : Nucleated dwarf ellipticals in Virgo cluster (Grant+, 2005)J/ApJ/596/437 : Stellar-mass black holes in the SDSS (Chisholm+, 2003)J/A+AS/122/399 : K and evolutionary corrections (Poggianti, 1997)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/798/54https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/798/54http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/798/54https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/798/54https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/798/54http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/798/54GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/798/54/table2 ("Undermassive" black hole sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/798/54/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/798/54/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/798/54/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true180.7366667-20.93416670.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/798/54/table3 ("Under-massive" black hole sample from Jiang et al. (2011ApJ...737L..45J))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/798/54/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/798/54/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/798/54/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true5.6181667-0.97516670.0055555555555555566/4115 4122 4151 4155 4184 4196 4226 4237 4260 4750 4825 4838 4847 4848 5002 5033 5079 5099 5100 5103 5370 5437 5455 5479 5500 5541 5563 5566 5569 5582 5587 5628 5631 5662 5698 5730 5770 5848 5862 5890 5910 5931 5939 5946 5955 5959 5982 5983 5985 5988 6098 6115 6139 6166 6259 6396 6481 6490 6504 6564 6571 6588 6589 6600 6611 6617 6631 6634 7169 7173 7181 7258 7273 7288 7299 7320 7361 7432 7479 7488 7512 7536 8262 8526 9150 9170 9194 9242 9333 9441 9444 9601 9957 9972 10214 10515 10730 10761 10878 10879 10979 11065 11067 11072 11109 11191 11209 11241 11253 11254 11405 11419 11437 11438 11446 11500 11843 11851 11875 11909 16671 16694 16891 17192 17229 17555 17565 17747 17777 17816 18063 19021 19023 19077 19121 19417 19456 20010 21982 22005 23194 23211 23233 24829 25619 25735 25974 25989 26411 26414 26525 27229 27342 27364 27370 27375 27390 28527 28535 31315 31316 31459 34845 36015 36619 36724 36780 36792 44722 44971 45531 46568 46662 46831 46988 48989 490972.0401237512456292e-19 2.706461185444514e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/798/54?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/798/54/table2"Undermassive" black hole samplerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRefReference code (1)meta.notecharNameGalaxy namemeta.id;meta.maincharMbh[0.8/1000] Black hole mass (or lower range if Mbh2 is filled)100000solMassphys.massfloatMbh2[6.6]? Upper range of Mbh100000solMassphys.massfloatnullablee_Mbh[0.3]? Mbh uncertainty100000solMassstat.errorfloatnullableMagsph[-25/-17.4]? Absolute bulge magnitudemagphys.magAbsfloatnullablen_MagsphBand of Magsph: B, V, r or Ksmeta.code;instr.filtercharM/L[0.8/6]? Mass-to-Light ratiophys.composition.massLightRatiofloatnullablee_M/L[1.5/2.5]? M/L uncertaintystat.errorfloatnullableMsph[1.2/164] Bulge stellar massGsolMassphys.massfloatE_Msph[3.6/28.6]? Positive error on MsphGsolMassstat.error;stat.maxfloatnullablee_Msph[3.5/28.6]? Negative error on MsphGsolMassstat.errorfloatnullableOCatSources within 3" from Reineset al. 2013, J/ApJ/775/116 and Buschet al. 2014, J/A+A/561/A140meta.ref.urlintnullableSloanDisplay the online SDSS data for the nearest objectmeta.ref.urlcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharNEDSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPositions from SIMBAD (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from SIMBAD (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJ/798/54/table3"Under-massive" black hole sample from Jiang et al. (2011ApJ...737L..45J)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSDSSSDSS galaxy identifier (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.id;meta.maincharz[0.01/0.7] Redshift (1)src.redshiftfloatlogMbh[4.8/8] Log virial black hole mass estimate (1)log(solMass)phys.massfloatl_ImagLimit flag on Imagmeta.code.errorcharImag[14.3/21.3] Bulge (F814W) I-band magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloate_Imag[0.01/3]? Uncertainty in Imagmagstat.error;phot.mag;em.opt.IfloatnullableAi[0.01/0.4] The i-band Galactic extinction;magphot.mag;pos.galacticfloatAg[0.02/0.7] The g-band Galactic extinction;magphot.mag;pos.galacticfloatg-i[0.5/1.5]? SDSS DR6 (g-i) color index (2)magphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.RfloatnullableM/L[0.4/1.4]? Mass-to-Light ratio (3)Sunphys.composition.massLightRatiofloatnullableb/a[0.3/1] Minor-to-major axis ratiophys.angSize;arith.ratiofloatl_IcmagLimit flag on Icmagmeta.code.errorcharIcmag[13.4/20.4]? Final, correct I-band bulge magnitude (see text for full details)magphot.mag;em.opt.Ifloatnullablel_MsphLimit flag on logMsphmeta.code.errorcharMsph? Bulge stellar masssolMassphys.massdoublenullableSCatSources within 1" from Greeneet al. 2007, J/ApJ/670/92 and Jianget al. 2011, J/ApJ/742/68meta.ref.urlintnullableDR7+DR9Display data from SDSS-DR7 and -DR9 (Cat. II/294 and V/139) within 1"meta.ref.urlcharSloanDisplay the online SDSS data for the nearest objectmeta.ref.urlcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharNEDSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPositions from SDSS names (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from SDSS names (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main