J/ApJ/794/23ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/794/23doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.17940023CDSDrout M.R.Chornock R.Soderberg A.M.Sanders N.E.McKinnon R.,Rest A.Foley R.J.Milisavljevic D.Margutti R.Berger E.Calkins M.,Fong W.Gezari S.Huber M.E.Kankare E.Kirshner R.P.Leibler C.,Lunnan R.Mattila S.Marion G.H.Narayan G.Riess A.G.Roth K.C.,Scolnic D.Smartt S.J.Tonry J.L.Burgett W.S.Chambers K.C.,Hodapp K.W.Jedicke R.Kaiser N.Magnier E.A.Metcalfe N.Morgan J.S.,Price P.A.Waters C.2017-07-03T13:38:03Z2017-05-16T06:40:39ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsupernovaeinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomybroad-band-photometrysurveysredshiftedinterstellar-reddeningIn the past decade, several rapidly evolving transients have been discovered whose timescales and luminosities are not easily explained by traditional supernovae (SNe) models. The sample size of these objects has remained small due, at least in part, to the challenges of detecting short timescale transients with traditional survey cadences. Here we present the results from a search within the Pan-STARRS1 Medium Deep Survey (PS1-MDS) for rapidly evolving and luminous transients. We identify 10 new transients with a time above half-maximum (t_1/2_) of less than 12 days and -16.5>M>-20 mag. This increases the number of known events in this region of SN phase space by roughly a factor of three. The median redshift of the PS1-MDS sample is z=0.275 and they all exploded in star-forming galaxies. In general, the transients possess faster rise than decline timescale and blue colors at maximum light (g_P1_-r_P1_<~-0.2). Best-fit blackbodies reveal photospheric temperatures/radii that expand/cool with time and explosion spectra taken near maximum light are dominated by a blue continuum, consistent with a hot, optically thick, ejecta. We find it difficult to reconcile the short timescale, high peak luminosity (L>10^43^ erg/s), and lack of UV line blanketing observed in many of these transients with an explosion powered mainly by the radioactive decay of ^56^Ni. Rather, we find that many are consistent with either (1) cooling envelope emission from the explosion of a star with a low-mass extended envelope that ejected very little (<0.03 M_{sun}_) radioactive material, or (2) a shock breakout within a dense, optically thick, wind surrounding the progenitor star. After calculating the detection efficiency for objects with rapid timescales in the PS1-MDS we find a volumetric rate of 4800-8000 events/yr/Gpc^3^ (4%-7% of the core-collapse SN rate at z=0.2).2014ApJ...794...23Dhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/794/23CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/ApJ/750/99 : The Pan-STARRS1 photometric system (Tonry+, 2012)J/ApJ/799/208 : Type IIP supernovae from Pan-STARRS1 (Sanders+, 2015)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/794/23https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/794/23http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/794/23https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/794/23https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/794/23http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/794/23GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/794/23/table1 (Basic Observational Information)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/794/23/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/794/23/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/794/23/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true162.0657666757.405411110.0055555555555555566/6069 6491 10150 10153 10155 10958 10979 17716 18784 19026 19030 19037 27247 27344https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/794/23?format=asciiInfraredOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/794/23/table2Optical PhotometryrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPS1Transient name (PS1 -YYaaa in Simbad)meta.id;meta.maincharFilterFilter used in the observationinstr.setup;obscharMJDObservation Modified Julian Dateddtime.epochfloatPhase? Rest Frame Days Since Observed g_P1_ maximum (1)dtime.phase;stat.maxfloatnullablel_mag[<] 3{sigma} upper limit flag on magmeta.code.errorcharmagObserved magnitude in Filtermagphot.magfloate_mag? Uncertainty in mag (2)magstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableInstInstrument on which observations were takenmeta.id;instrcharJ/ApJ/794/23/table1Basic Observational InformationDist? Luminosity distanceMpcpos.distancefloatnullablerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSample[ABC] Transient sample name (1)meta.id;src.samplecharPS1Transient name (PS1 -YYaaa in Simbad)meta.id;meta.maincharDateDate of the observationtime.epochnullableRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainz? Redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatnullableLCLight curvesmeta.ref.urlcharlambdag? g_P1_ effective pivot wavelength (in {AA})0.1nmem.wl.effectivefloatnullablelambdar? r_P1_ effective pivot wavelength (in {AA})0.1nmem.wl.effectivefloatnullablelambdai? i_P1_ effective pivot wavelength (in {AA})0.1nmem.wl.effectivefloatnullablelambdaz? z_P1_ effective pivot wavelength (in {AA})0.1nmem.wl.effectivefloatnullableE(B-V)Milky Way reddening in the direction of each transientmagphot.color.excessfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar