J/ApJ/790/48ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/790/48doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.17900048CDSHumphreys R.M.Weis K.Davidson K.Bomans D.J.Burggraf B.2017-07-04T07:09:18Z2016-10-10T10:06:02ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgiant-starsvariable-starsinfrared-photometryvisible-astronomybroad-band-photometryspectroscopystellar-spectral-typesAn increasing number of non-terminal eruptions are being found in the numerous surveys for optical transients. Very little is known about these giant eruptions, their progenitors and their evolutionary state. A greatly improved census of the likely progenitor class, including the most luminous evolved stars, the luminous blue variables (LBVs), and the warm and cool hypergiants is now needed for a complete picture of the final pre-supernova stages of very massive stars. We have begun a survey of the evolved and unstable luminous star populations in several nearby resolved galaxies. In this second paper on M31 and M33, we review the spectral characteristics, spectral energy distributions, circumstellar ejecta, and evidence for mass loss for 82 luminous and variable stars. We show that many of these stars have warm circumstellar dust including several of the Fe II emission line stars, but conclude that the confirmed LBVs in M31 and M33 do not. The confirmed LBVs have relatively low wind speeds even in their hot, quiescent or visual minimum state compared to the B-type supergiants and Of/WN stars which they spectroscopically resemble. The nature of the Fe II emission line stars and their relation to the LBV state remains uncertain, but some have properties in common with the warm hypergiants and the sgB[e] stars. Several individual stars are discussed in detail. We identify three possible candidate LBVs and three additional post-red supergiant candidates. We suggest that M33-013406.63 (UIT301,B416) is not an LBV/S Dor variable, but is a very luminous late O-type supergiant and one of the most luminous stars or pair of stars in M33.2014ApJ...790...48Hhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/790/48CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/ApJ/825/50 : Variable stars in M31 & M33. III. YSGs & RSGs (Gordon+, 2016)J/ApJ/750/97 : The yellow and red supergiants of M33 (Drout+, 2012)J/ApJ/743/19 : Photometry of variable star cand. in M31 (Clementini+, 2011)J/MNRAS/411/263 : JHK variable stars in M33 (Javadi+ 2011)J/A+A/522/A3 : M33 CO(2-1) and HI integrated intensity maps (Gratier+, 2010)J/AJ/140/416 : IR photometry of massive stars in the SMC (Bonanos+, 2010)J/ApJ/705/1364 : MIR catalog of point sources in M33 (Thompson+, 2009)J/ApJ/703/441 : Yellow supergiants in M31 (Drout+, 2009)J/ApJ/687/230 : Survey of M31 with Spitzer (Mould+, 2008)J/AJ/134/2474 : H{alpha} emission-line stars in 7 dwarfs gal. (Massey+, 2007)J/ApJ/664/850 : Spitzer observations of stars in M33 (McQuinn+, 2007)J/AJ/131/2478 : M31 and M33 UBVRI photometry (Massey+, 2006)J/ApJ/505/793 : New WR star in M33 (Massey+, 1998)J/ApJ/469/629 : UV-brightest stars of M33 and its nucleus (Massey+ 1996)J/ApJS/89/85 : Blue and red supergiants in M33 (Ivanov+ 1993)http://etacar.umn.edu/LuminousStars/M31M33/ : M31 & M33 variable starshttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/790/48https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/790/48http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/790/48https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/790/48https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/790/48http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/790/48GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/790/48/table1 (Luminous stars and variables in M31 and M33: spectroscopic summary)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/790/48/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/790/48/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/790/48/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true10.624458341.09772220.0055555555555555566/2154 2155 2241 2623 2666 2709 27528.157980699529898e-21 6.118840631666147e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/790/48?format=asciiInfraredOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/790/48/table1Luminous stars and variables in M31 and M33: spectroscopic summaryNotesNotesmeta.notecharf_SpT[c] Flag on SpT (2)meta.codecharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGalGalaxy identifier (M31 or M33)meta.id.parentcharNameStar name (1)meta.idcharLGGSLGGS identifier (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.id;meta.maincharf_LGGS[ab] Flag on LGGS (2)meta.codecharGroupSpectral group (3)src.classcharSpTMK spectral typesrc.spTypecharStarStar identifier as in table2; column added by CDS (G1)meta.idcharprimaryM07Display data from Massey+, 2007, J/AJ/134/2474, for this starmeta.ref.urlintnullable2MDisplay the 2MASS data (Cutri+ 2003, II/246) within 3"meta.ref.urlcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPositions from LGGS names (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from LGGS names (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJ/790/48/table2Multi-wavelength photometryGalGalaxy identifier (M31 or M33)meta.id.parentcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintStarStar identifier (G1)meta.id;meta.maincharf_Star[cdef] Flag on Star (1)meta.codecharUmag[14.9/21]? The U band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Ufloatnullableu_Umag[:] Uncertainty flag on Umagmeta.code.errorcharBmag[15/21.2]? The B band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.BfloatnullableVmag[14.9/20.3]? The V band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatnullablef_Vmag[v] Indicates a variable Vmag valuemeta.codecharRmag[15/20]? The R band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.RfloatnullableImag[15/19.5]? The I band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.IfloatnullableJmag[13.7/17.1]? The 2MASS J band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullableu_Jmag[:] Uncertainty flag on Jmagmeta.code.errorcharHmag[13/17.2]? The 2MASS H band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullableu_Hmag[:] Uncertainty flag on Hmagmeta.code.errorcharKmag[13/17]? The 2MASS K band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullableu_Kmag[:] Uncertainty flag on Kmagmeta.code.errorchar3.6mag[12/17.3]? Spitzer/IRAC 3.6um band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullable4.5mag[11.6/17]? Spitzer/IRAC 4.5um band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullable5.8mag[11/15.1]? Spitzer/IRAC 5.8um band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullable8.0mag[10/15]? Spitzer/IRAC 8.0 micron band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullable3.4mag[12/16.3]? WISE W1 (3.4um) band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullable4.6mag[11/16]? WISE W2 (4.6um) band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullable12mag[8/13.1]? WISE W3 (12um) band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullable22mag[5/9.5]? WISE W4 (22um) band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloatnullableVarVariability informationmeta.notecharSEDSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar