J/ApJ/789/102ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/789/102doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.17890102CDSJanson M.Bergfors C.Brandner W.Kudryavtseva N.Hormuth F.,Hippler S.Henning T.2017-11-20T13:09:22Z2017-03-15T14:14:12ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmultiple-starsdwarf-starsm-starsphotometrysurveysThe distribution of multiplicity among low-mass stars is a key issue to understanding the formation of stars and brown dwarfs, and recent surveys have yielded large enough samples of nearby low-mass stars to study this issue statistically to good accuracy. Previously, we have presented a multiplicity study of ~700 early/mid M-type stars observed with the AstraLux high-resolution Lucky Imaging cameras. Here, we extend the study of multiplicity in M-type stars through studying 286 nearby mid/late M-type stars, bridging the gap between our previous study and multiplicity studies of brown dwarfs. Most of the targets have been observed more than once, allowing us to assess common proper motion to confirm companionship. We detect 68 confirmed or probable companions in 66 systems, of which 41 were previously undiscovered. Detections are made down to the resolution limit of ~100 mas of the instrument. The raw multiplicity in the AstraLux sensitivity range is 17.9%, leading to a total multiplicity fraction of 21%-27% depending on the mass ratio distribution, which is consistent with being flat down to mass ratios of ~0.4, but cannot be stringently constrained below this value. The semi-major axis distribution is well represented by a log-normal function with {mu}_a_= 0.78 and {sigma}_a_= 0.47, which is narrower and peaked at smaller separations than for a Sun-like sample. This is consistent with a steady decrease in average semi-major axis from the highest-mass binary stars to the brown dwarf binaries.2014ApJ...789..102Jhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/789/102CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/AJ/123/3409 : SDSS M, L, and T dwarfs (Hawley+, 2002)J/AJ/129/2428 : M dwarf-white dwarf binary systems (Silvestri+, 2005)J/A+A/503/639 : NIR spectral of M-T dwarfs (Testi, 2009)J/AJ/137/1 : Proper motions and astrometry of late-type dwarfsJ/AJ/142/138 : All-sky catalog of bright M dwarfs (Lepine+, 2011)J/AJ/143/10 : 2008-2009 WIYN speckle observations of binaries. VII.J/ApJ/754/44 : The AstraLux Large M-dwarf Survey (Janson+ 2012)J/ApJ/758/56 : Young M dwarfs within 25pc. II. Kinematics (Shkolnik+, 2012)J/AJ/145/52 : Abundances of late K and M dwarfs in binary systemsJ/ApJ/762/88 : Young stellar kinematic group candidate members (Malo+, 2013)J/MNRAS/429/859 : New companions to nearby low-mass stars (Jodar+, 2013)J/PASP/125/809 : New nearby M, L, and T dwarfs (Thompson+, 2013)J/A+A/577/A128 : CARMENES input catalogue of M dwarfs. IJ/AJ/150/42 : Catalog of 2612 M dwarfs from LAMOST (Zhong+, 2015)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/789/102https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/789/102http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/789/102https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/789/102https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/789/102http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/789/102GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/789/102/table1 (General Properties of All Targets Observed in the Survey)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/789/102/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/789/102/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/789/102/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true1.6635375-7.093147220.0055555555555555566/22 64 65 105 250 287 309 324 390 527 535 546 547 685 691 804 850 861 1025 1029 1052 1069 1122 1135 1199 1232 1276 1456 1460 1505 1523 1739 1819 1911 1953 2159 2190 2316 2330 2350 2354 2656 2671 2782 2850 2922 2950 2973 3005 3050 3188 3293 3387 3410 3425 3512 3535 3579 3659 3715 3768 3790 3810 3837 3857 3889 3907 3960 3969 4019 4073 4158 4299 4349 4462 4553 4560 4629 4693 4708 5000 5333 5343 5463 5590 5810 6169 6325 6550 6676 6705 6726 6750 6776 6809 6888 6890 6894 6930 6934 6951 6974 7103 7147 7181 7395 7562 7689 7768 7810 7840 7984 8076 8163 8213 8588 8617 9042 9883 9929 10037 10062 10497 11280 11403 11767 12439 12454 12728 12834 12845 12865 12892 12926 13057 13158 13198 13260 13261 13308 13340 13639 13688 13748 13912 14124 14129 14159 14300 14373 14457 14576 14603 14665 14666 14756 14985 15052 15355 15379 15412 15423 15516 15548 15592 15651 15766 15792 15937 16222 16361 17302 17339 17349 17490 17524 17534 17813 17818 17822 17872 18073 18078 18175 18268 18344 18761 18914 18970 19068 19070 19144 19382 19479 19751 19777 19812 19836 19879 19886 19901 20071 20110 20379 20474 21310 21337 21338 21381 21601 21681 21737 21884 21925 21928 22014 22060 22202 22325 22336 22518 22645 22720 22731 22942 23014 23018 23265 23293 23329 23443 23452 23482 23497 23503 23527 23532 23551 23575 23696 23710 23818 23865 23906 23997 24212 24223 24231 24232 24236 24249 24323 24336 24343 24362 26111 26594 27184 27320 27357 27762 28086 28087 28090 28454 29894 30055 30260 30681 30833 31072 31226 31730 31748 31991 32015 32063 32076 32141 32229 32452 40435 40801 40856 490181.398457827073138e-19 1.7798557115773645e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/789/102?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/789/102/table2Astrometric Properties of the Binaries and Background Stars in the SurveyOtherIDOther IDmeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDID from Lepine (G1)meta.id;meta.maincharPairPairmeta.code.multipcharrhoSeparation anglearcsecpos.angDistance;src.orbitalfloate_rhorms uncertainty on rhoarcsecstat.errorfloatthetaPosition angledegpos.posAngfloate_thetarms uncertainty on thetadegstat.error;pos.posAngfloatn_theta[d] Note on theta (4)meta.notecharEpochEpochyrtime.epochfloatRefSource of the astrometry at the given epoch. Only one archival epoch listed per target (1)meta.bibcharCPMFlag for common proper motion (2)meta.codecharOMFlag for orbital motion (3)meta.codecharJ/ApJ/789/102/table1General Properties of All Targets Observed in the SurveySimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintmoreindicates astrometric (table2) and/or photmetric (table3) datameta.ref.urlcharIDID from Lepine (G1)meta.id;meta.maincharprimaryRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainpmRAProper motion in RAmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.raintpmDEProper motion in DEmas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decintplxParallaxmaspos.parallaxfloate_plxrms uncertainty on plxmasstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatr_plxReference for plx in refs.dat filemeta.ref;pos.framecharSpTypeSpectral type (1)src.spTypecharr_SpTypeReference for spectral type in refs.dat filemeta.ref;pos.framecharJmagJ magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.JfloatMultMultiplicity flag (2)meta.code.multipcharND[YN-] Flag for whether the companion is a new discovery (Y) or not (N)meta.codecharJ/ApJ/789/102/table3Photometric and Physical Properties of the Binaries in the SurveyrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDID from Lepine (G1)meta.id;meta.maincharOtherIDOther IDmeta.idcharPairPairmeta.code.multipcharDz'magMagnitude difference in z' bandmagphot.mag;arith.difffloate_Dz'magrms uncertainty on Dz'magmagstat.error;phot.magfloatDi'mag? Magnitude difference in i' bandmagphot.mag;arith.difffloatnullablee_Di'mag? rms uncertainty on Di'magmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullabletau-lowLower age estimationMyrtime.age;stat.mininttau-highUpper age estimationMyrtime.age;stat.maxintRefBasis for the age estimation (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharmassAMass of A componentsolMassphys.massfloate_massArms uncertainty on massAsolMassstat.errorfloatmassBMass of B componentsolMassphys.massfloate_massBrms uncertainty on massBsolMassstat.errorfloatqMass ratiophys.massfloate_qrms uncertainty on qstat.errorfloataestMajor axis estimationAUphys.sizefloatSC[YN-] Flag for whether targets is statistically clean (Y) or not (N)meta.codechar