J/ApJ/785/33ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/785/33doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.17850033CDSSierchio J.M.Rieke G.H.Su K.Y.L.Gaspar A.2017-08-29T05:56:52Z2017-02-06T14:17:03ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frinfrared-photometrymetallicitystellar-agesWe present a Spitzer MIPS study of the decay of debris disk excesses at 24 and 70{mu}m for 255 stars of types F4-K2. We have used multiple tests, including consistency between chromospheric and X-ray activity and placement on the H-R diagram, to assign accurate stellar ages. Within this spectral type range, at 24{mu}m, 13.6%+/-2.8% of the stars younger than 1 Gyr have excesses at the 3{sigma} level or more, whereas none of the older stars do, confirming previous work. At 70{mu}m, 22.5%+/-3.6% of the younger stars have excesses at >=3{sigma} significance, whereas only 4.7_-2.2_^+3.7^% of the older stars do. To characterize the far-infrared behavior of debris disks more robustly, we doubled the sample by including stars from the DEBRIS and DUNES surveys. For the F4-K4 stars in this combined sample, there is only a weak (statistically not significant) trend in the incidence of far-infrared excess with spectral type (detected fractions of 21.9_-4.3_^+4.8^%, late F; 16.5_-3.3_^+3.9^%, G; and 16.9_-5.0_^+6.3^%, early K). Taking this spectral type range together, there is a significant decline between 3 and 4.5 Gyr in the incidence of excesses, with fractional luminosities just under 10^-5^. There is an indication that the timescale for decay of infrared excesses varies roughly inversely with the fractional luminosity. This behavior is consistent with theoretical expectations for passive evolution. However, more excesses are detected around the oldest stars than are expected from passive evolution, suggesting that there is late-phase dynamical activity around these stars.2014ApJ...785...33Shttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/785/33CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toV/130 : Geneva-Copenhagen Survey of Solar neighbourhood III (Holmberg+, 2009)V/136 : Teff and metallicities for Tycho-2 stars (Ammons+, 2006)IX/10 : ROSAT All-Sky Bright Source Catalogue (1RXS) (Voges+ 1999)V/89 : Ages, Metallicities, Galactic Orbit of F stars (Marsakov+ 1995)J/ApJ/775/55 : Spitzer IR excesses in A-K stars (Ballering+, 2013)J/A+A/555/A11 : DUNES survey observational results (Eiroa+, 2013)J/ApJ/768/25 : Spitzer & Herschel obs. of debris disks (Gaspar+, 2013)J/ApJ/753/147 : Herschel observations stars in THA (Donaldson+, 2012)J/ApJ/750/98 : 24um observations of AFGKM stars of 3 clusters (Urban+, 2012)J/A+A/541/A40 : Metallicity of solar-type stars (Maldonado+, 2012)J/ApJ/745/147 : Binaries among debris disk stars (Rodriguez+, 2012)J/AZh/88/1217 : Solar-like activity of low-mass stars (Kasova+, 2011)J/MNRAS/416/3108 : Membership of Sco OB2 moving group (Rizzuto+, 2011)J/AZh/88/750 : Stars of galactic sub-structure abundances (Mishenina+, 2011)J/MNRAS/410/190 : Young runaway stars within 3kpc (Tetzlaff+, 2011)J/ApJ/725/875 : Chromospheric activity for CPS stars (Isaacson+, 2010)J/A+A/520/A79 : FGK stars chromospheric activity (Martinez-Arnaiz+, 2010)J/ApJ/705/1226 : Planet-bearing stars in Spitzer (Bryden+, 2009)J/A+A/493/1099 : CaII HK emission in rapidly rotating stars (Schroeder+, 2009)J/ApJ/687/1264 : Age estimation for solar-type dwarfs (Mamajek+, 2008)J/A+A/483/903 : Mount Wilson index for F-K stars (Buccino+, 2008)J/PASP/119/994 : MIPS 24um calibrators (Engelbracht+, 2007)J/AJ/133/2524 : Spectra of young nearby stars (White+, 2007)J/PASP/118/1690 : Spitzer solar-type stars list (Meyer+, 2006)J/MNRAS/372/163 : Activity indices for southern stars (Jenkins+, 2006)J/AJ/132/161 : NStars project: The southern sample. I. (Gray+, 2006)J/A+A/450/735 : Effective temperatures and radii of stars (Masana+, 2006)J/MNRAS/360/1345 : F- and G-type stars in solar neighbourhood (Karatas+, 2005)J/ApJS/159/141 : Spectroscopic properties of cool stars. I. (Valenti+, 2005)J/ApJ/622/1102 : The planet-metallicity correlation. (Fischer+, 2005)J/ApJ/620/1010 : Spitzer 24{mu}m photometry of A dwarfs (Rieke+, 2005)J/other/ARA+A/42.685 : Young stars near the Sun (Zuckerman+, 2004)J/ApJS/152/261 : Chromospheric Ca II emission in nearby stars (Wright+, 2004)J/A+A/417/651 : NEXXUS ROSAT survey of coronal X-ray (Schmitt+, 2004)J/AJ/126/2048 : NStars project: the Northern Sample. I. (Gray+, 2003)J/AJ/125/3311 : JHKL'M photometry of northern bright stars (Kidger+, 2003)J/A+A/365/545 : Remnant disks around MS stars IR flux (Habing+, 2001)J/MNRAS/298/332 : Chromospheric activity-age relation (Rocha-Pinto+ 1998)J/A+AS/131/209 : JHK(L') photometry of giant stars (Alonso+ 1998)J/A+A/329/943 : F + G solar neighbourhood stars new ages (Ng+ 1998)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/785/33https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/785/33http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/785/33https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/785/33https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/785/33http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/785/33GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/785/33/table2 (Spitzer star sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/785/33/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/785/33/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/785/33/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true1.4689364-41.75306810.0055555555555555566/49 679 701 748 765 819 871 934 1341 1808 1873 2110 2167 2366 2491 2520 2639 2651 2652 2816 3020 3925 4128 4225 4438 4808 5074 5095 5304 5413 5726 5802 5836 5872 5895 5924 6066 6217 6226 6269 6409 6523 6926 6932 7390 8094 8156 8476 8591 8700 8881 8995 9403 9492 9679 9807 9843 9883 10334 10375 10598 10899 10914 11075 11126 11128 11225 11403 11510 11620 11640 11713 11732 11734 11946 12341 12390 12592 12676 12792 12846 12922 12944 13122 13164 13763 13778 13946 14342 14416 14419 14539 14573 14650 14904 15007 15014 15030 15174 15227 15356 16164 16883 16930 17266 17274 17341 17541 17552 17730 18359 18614 19350 19509 20127 20145 20491 20701 20716 21177 21185 21838 22146 22157 22250 22590 22764 22878 23013 23096 23140 23177 23230 23342 23369 23661 23820 23974 24016 24028 24160 24729 24731 25102 25231 25521 25869 25906 25919 25966 26521 26575 26652 26906 27018 27088 27255 27268 27395 27750 28041 28244 28395 28510 28605 28696 29541 29978 30793 30837 31029 31132 31338 31449 31667 32561 32645 32930 33281 33456 33500 33552 33630 33717 33849 34244 34282 34446 34586 34825 34905 34947 35497 35802 36145 36713 36971 37595 38238 38788 38807 39034 39305 39562 39638 39676 39735 40892 40932 41143 41163 41625 41724 41752 41941 42248 42700 42760 42845 43150 43258 43318 43639 43911 44228 44243 44398 44669 45107 45143 45175 45265 45364 45430 45535 45538 45669 45865 45927 45976 45992 46306 46640 46681 46734 46982 47205 47598 47935 48334 48394 48627 48651 491492.4016587514425055e-21 3.852589004194616e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/785/33?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/785/33/table2Spitzer star samplerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameHD identifier or HIP6276meta.id;meta.maincharSpTMK Spectral type from SIMBAD (F4V to K1V)src.spTypecharAge[15/10100] AgeMyrtime.ageintr_AgeReference(s) for Age (1)meta.ref;pos.framecharPlx[10/168] Parallax from Hipparcos (see I/239)maspos.parallax.trigfloat[Fe/H][-0.9/0.4]? Metallicityphys.abund.ZfloatnullableVmag[2.82/8.65] The Johnson V band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatKsmag[1.28/7.24] The K_s_ band magnitude in 2MASS systemmagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatr_KsmagReference(s) for Ksmag (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharPIDSpitzer PID indentifiermeta.id;obsintAORSpitzer AOR keymeta.id;obsintF24[9/2225] Spitzer/MIPS 24um band flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloate_F24[0.1/11] Uncertainty in F24mJystat.errorfloatF70[-9/1776]? Spitzer/MIPS 70um band flux densitymJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.30-60umfloatnullablee_F70[1/90]? Uncertainty in F70mJystat.errorfloatnullableACatDisplay the Age reference catalogs (Isaacson+, 2010, J/ApJ/725/875; Karatas+, 2005, J/MNRAS/360/1345) within 1"meta.ref.urlintnullable2MDisplay the 2MASS data (Cutri+ 2003, II/246) within 3"meta.ref.urlcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPositions from SIMBAD (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from SIMBAD (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main