J/ApJ/779/188ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/779/188doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.17790188CDSMann A.W.Gaidos E.Ansdell M.2017-11-06T12:23:12Z2015-06-15T11:25:43ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsolar-system-planetslate-type-starsstellar-radiistellar-massesinfrared-astronomyspectroscopyWe use moderate-resolution spectra of nearby late K and M dwarf stars with parallaxes and interferometrically determined radii to refine their effective temperatures, luminosities, and metallicities. We use these revised values to calibrate spectroscopic techniques to infer the fundamental parameters of more distant late-type dwarf stars. We demonstrate that, after masking out poorly modeled regions, the newest version of the PHOENIX atmosphere models accurately reproduce temperatures derived bolometrically. We apply methods to late-type hosts of transiting planet candidates in the Kepler field, and calculate effective temperature, radius, mass, and luminosity with typical errors of 57K, 7%, 11%, and 13%, respectively. We find systematic offsets between our values and those from previous analyses of the same stars, which we attribute to differences in atmospheric models utilized for each study. We investigate which of the planets in this sample are likely to orbit in the circumstellar habitable zone. We determine that four candidate planets (KOI 854.01, 1298.02, 1686.01, and 2992.01) are inside of or within 1{sigma} of a conservative definition of the habitable zone, but that several planets identified by previous analyses are not (e.g., KOI 1422.02 and KOI 2626.01). Only one of the four habitable-zone planets is Earth sized, suggesting a downward revision in the occurrence of such planets around M dwarfs. These findings highlight the importance of measuring accurate stellar parameters when deriving parameters of their orbiting planets.2013ApJ...779..188Mhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/779/188CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toV/133 : Kepler Input Catalog (Kepler Mission Team, 2009)J/A+A/556/A15 : Effective temperature scale of M dwarfs (Rajpurohit+, 2013)J/ApJ/771/107 : Spectroscopy of faint KOI stars (Everett+, 2013)J/ApJ/770/90 : Candidate planets in the habitable zones (Gaidos, 2013)J/ApJ/770/43 : Spectroscopic [Fe/H] of Kepler stars (Mann+, 2013)J/ApJ/767/95 : Improved parameters of smallest KIC stars (Dressing+, 2013)J/AJ/145/102 : Spectroscopy of M dwarfs in the northern sky (Lepine+, 2013)J/ApJS/204/24 : Kepler planetary candidates. III. (Batalha+, 2013)J/AJ/145/52 : Late K & M dwarf abundances in binary systems (Mann+, 2013)J/A+A/549/A109 : HARPS XXXI. The M-dwarf sample (Bonfils+, 2013)J/A+A/549/A8 : Extinction properties above Mauna Kea (Buton+, 2013)J/ApJ/757/112 : Stellar diameters. II. K and M-stars (Boyajian+, 2012)J/ApJ/753/90 : Stellar param. of K5 and later type Kepler stars (Mann+, 2012)J/ApJ/750/L37 : Stellar parameters of low-mass KOIs (Muirhead+, 2012)J/ApJ/748/93 : K-band spectra for 133 nearby M dwarfs (Rojas-Ayala+, 2012)J/ApJ/746/36 : RV standard deviation in the M2K survey (Gaidos+, 2012)J/AJ/142/112 : KIC photometric calibration (Brown+, 2011)J/ApJ/736/19 : Kepler planetary candidates. II. (Borucki+, 2011)J/MNRAS/403/1949 : UBV(RcIc)JHK photometry of HIP nearby stars (Koen+, 2010)J/AJ/128/463 : A preliminary 20pc census from the NLTT catalog (Reid+, 2004)J/A+A/275/101 : Chemical evolution of the galactic disk I. (Edvardsson+ 1993)J/AJ/105/1962 : K and M stars photometry (Weis, 1993)http://archive.stsci.edu/kepler : Kepler MAST home pagehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/779/188https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/779/188http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/779/188https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/779/188https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/779/188http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/779/188GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/779/188/table3 (Late-type Kepler planet host parameters)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/779/188/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/779/188/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/779/188/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true284.3520241.51919890.0055555555555555565/3736 3743 3777 3785 6/14578 14579 14585 14586 14588 14591 14733 14734 14746 14751 14756 14757 14762 14763 14764 14768 14770 14771 14772 14773 14778 14779 14780 14781 14794 14816 14818 14819 14824 14825 14830 14915 14921 14930 14932 14935 14937 14939 14948 14950 14953 14955 14957 14958 14959 14963 14964 14970 14971 15040 15057 15107 15112 15116 15119 15121 15123 15126 15128 15131 15132 15134 15136 15138 15145 15146 15147 15149 15151 15156 15157 15160 15168 15170 15171 15172https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/779/188?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/779/188/table3Late-type Kepler planet host parametersrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKOI[227/3144] Kepler Object of Interest Numbermeta.id;meta.mainintf_KOI[b-hz] Individual notes (1)meta.codecharKICKepler Input Catalog ID (V/133)meta.idintNpNumber of planets (table 4)meta.ref.urlintTeff[3157/5085] Effective temperature (2)Kphys.temperature.effectiveintR*[0.18/0.94] Stellar radiussolRadphys.size.radiusfloate_R*[0.03/0.08]? Error on R*solRadstat.errorfloatnullableM*[0.14/0.9] Stellar masssolMassphys.massfloate_M*[0.05/0.3]? Error on M*solMassstat.errorfloatnullableL*[0.003/0.42] Stellar luminositysolLumphys.luminosityfloate_L*[0.003/0.04]? Error on L*solLumstat.errorfloatnullablefitsDownload the FITS spectrummeta.ref.urlcharSpInteractive plot of spectrummeta.ref.urlcharspSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPosition from KIC catalog (V/133) (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPosition from KIC catalog (V/133) (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJ/779/188/table4Kepler planet parametersrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKOI[227.01/3144.01] Kepler Object of Interest Numbermeta.id;meta.maindoublef_KOI[a] Upper limits only (1)meta.codecharKICKepler Input Catalog ID (V/133)meta.id.parentintRp[0.5/20.5] Planet Radius(6.3781x10+6m)phys.size.radiusfloate_Rp[0.05/0.6]? Error in Rp(6.3781x10+6m)stat.errorfloatnullableS[0.2/605] Planet irradiance; relative to EarthEarthphot.flux.density;em.optfloate_S[0.03/79]? Error in SEarthstat.errorfloatnullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar