J/ApJ/778/56ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/778/56doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.17780056CDSCohen J.G.Christlieb N.Thompson I.McWilliam A.Shectman S.,Reimers D.Wisotzki L.Kirby E.2019-02-15T14:55:05Z2015-05-22T10:46:20ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frchemically-peculiar-starscarbon-starsradial-velocitychemical-abundancesline-intensitiessurveysFrom detailed abundance analysis of >100 Hamburg/ESO candidate extremely metal-poor (EMP) stars we find 45 with [Fe/H]<-3.0dex. We identify a heretofore unidentified group: Ca-deficient stars with sub-solar [Ca/Fe] ratios and the lowest neutron-capture abundances; the Ca-deficient group comprises ~10% of the sample, excluding Carbon stars. Our radial velocity distribution shows that the carbon-enhanced stars with no s-process enhancements, CEMP-no, and which do not show C_2_ bands are not preferentially binary systems. Ignoring Carbon stars, approximately 15% of our sample are strong (>=5{sigma}) outliers in one or more elements between Mg and Ni; this rises to ~19% if very strong (>=10{sigma}) outliers for Sr and Ba are included. Examples include: HE0305-0554 with the lowest [Ba/H] known; HE1012-1540 and HE2323-0256, two (non-velocity variable) C-rich stars with very strong [Mg,Al/Fe] enhancements; and HE1226-1149, an extremely r-process rich star.2013ApJ...778...56Chttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/778/56CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/ApJ/762/27 : Most metal-poor stars. III. [Fe/H]<=-3.0 stars (Yong+, 2013)J/ApJ/762/26 : Most metal-poor stars. II. Galactic halo stars (Yong+, 2013)J/ApJ/762/25 : The most metal-poor stars in HES and SDSS. I. (Norris+, 2013)J/ApJ/755/89 : Metallicities of damped Ly{alpha} systems (Rafelski+, 2012)J/A+A/541/A143 : NLTE Corrections of the Ca lines (Spite+, 2012)J/ApJ/749/77 : MW halo. III. Statistical abundances (Schlaufman+, 2012)J/MNRAS/418/284 : s-process in low-metallicity stars. II. (Bisterzo+, 2011)J/MNRAS/412/843 : SAGA extremely metal-poor stars (Suda+, 2011)J/A+A/530/A15 : Abundances of 94 stars (Nissen+, 2011)J/ApJ/731/4 : Galactic halo as seen by the CFHTLS (Sesar+, 2011)J/A+A/528/A92 : HERES VI. Galactic chemical evolution of Si & C (Zhang+, 2011)J/ApJ/724/341 : Nucleosynthesis of massive metal-free stars (Heger+, 2010)J/ApJ/714/663 : Stellar density map of the Milky Way (de Jong+, 2010)J/A+A/511/L10 : Abundances and space velocities of 94 stars (Nissen+, 2010)J/A+A/509/A93 : Carbon-enhanced metal-poor stars (Masseron+, 2010)J/A+A/501/519 : Extremely metal-poor stars abundances (Bonifacio+, 2009)J/ApJS/182/80 : Rare earth abundances (Sneden+, 2009)J/AJ/137/272 : Space velocities orbits in the Milky Way halo (Roederer+ 2009)J/A+A/484/721 : HES survey. IV. Candidate metal-poor stars (Christlieb+, 2008)J/ApJS/168/128 : UBVRcIc photometry of FHB and metal-poor stars (Beers+, 2007)J/ApJ/658/367 : Abundances of carbon stars in Galactic halo (Komiya+, 2007)J/ApJ/652/1585 : Bright metal-poor stars from HES survey (Frebel+, 2006)J/AJ/132/137 : Abundances of extremely metal-poor carbon stars (Cohen+, 2006)J/AJ/132/85 : Equivalent width of 33 metal-poor RHB (Preston+, 2006)J/MNRAS/367/1329 : Elemental abundances for 176 stars (Reddy+, 2006)J/A+A/439/129 : HERES II. Spectroscopic analysis (Barklem+, 2005)J/A+A/433/185 : Detailed abundance analysis of F and G dwarfs (Bensby+, 2005)J/AJ/127/1545 : Abundance ratios of 4 stars in Pal 12 (Cohen+, 2004)J/A+A/416/1117 : Abundances in the early Galaxy (Cayrel+, 2004)J/AJ/124/1144 : Orbits of single-lined spectroscopic binaries (Latham, 2002)J/A+A/375/366 : Carbon stars from the Hamburg/ESO survey (Christlieb+ 2001)J/A+A/358/77 : Hamburg/ESO survey for bright QSOs. III. (Wisotzki+, 2000)J/AJ/119/1448 : Improved properties for cool stars (Houdashelt+, 2000)J/A+A/275/101 : Chemical evolution of the galactic disk I. (Edvardsson+ 1993)J/AJ/103/1987 : Stars of very low metal abundance (Beers+ 1992)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/778/56https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/778/56http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/778/56https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/778/56https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/778/56http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/778/56GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/778/56/stars (The 122 candidate extremely metal poor (EMP) stars (mostly from the HES, and log of HIRES/Keck and Mike/Magellan), with abundances, stellar parameters and fits to FeI abundances (tables 1, 2a, 3 and 6))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/778/56/stars?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/778/56/stars?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/778/56/stars?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true2.47-18.270.0055555555555555566/5246 5406 8201 8766 8864 10196 16565 16671 16680 16686 16716 16736 16773 16814 16984 17035 17081 17101 17160 17174 17356 17392 17411 17419 17598 17623 17679 17773 17850 17938 17970 17986 17994 18086 18545 18564 18637 18719 18973 19205 21157 21198 21230 23011 23094 23144 23240 25047 25209 25413 25527 25549 25574 25678 25719 25813 25887 25926 25936 25950 25991 26005 26019 26057 26166 26198 26205 26232 26658 27048 27065 27170 31585 32302 33270 33642 33647 33883 34425 34775 34857 35469 35477 35710 35801 35803 35825 35860 35899 36084 36160 36356 36450 36608 36691 36734 36789 36802 38399 44580 44658 44671 44723 44797 44806 44842 44875 44909 44974 45023 46345 46685 46704 46710 46718 46720 46801 47075 48485 48614 48628 48862https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/778/56?format=asciidefaultJ/ApJ/778/56/table8Equivalent widthsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDSource identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharlambda[3189/7776] Wavelength in Angstroms0.1nmem.wlfloatElem[3/106] Element code (G3)meta.code;phys.atmol.elementfloatEW[-211.3/560.3]? Equivalent width (m{AA}) (1)1e-13mspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullablen_EW"syn" indicates synthesis used (1)meta.notecharJ/ApJ/778/56/table10Relative abundancesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDSource identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharElemElement code (G3)meta.code;phys.atmol.elementfloatf_Elem[e] C from synthesis of G band of CHmeta.codechar[X/Fe][-4.1/3.2]? Log abundance ratio relative to FeI (1)phys.abundfloatnullablee_[X/Fe]? Uncertainty in [X/Fe] (2)stat.error;phys.abundfloatnullableNl[-4/100]? Number of lines measured (3)meta.numberintnullableJ/ApJ/778/56/table2bRadial velocity for EMP stars with multiple spectra from HIRESrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintC[1/3] Star C-type (G1)src.classintIDSource identifier (G2)meta.id;meta.maincharRemIndividual remarks (1)meta.notecharInstInstrument remarkmeta.id;instrcharDateObservation UT datetime.epoch;obsnullableRV[-288/295] Radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloate_RV[0.06/1.1]? Radial velocity uncertaintykm/sstat.errorfloatnullableRefReference (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharJ/ApJ/778/56/table7Atomic data for lines usedrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintlambda[3189/7776] Wavelength in Angstroms0.1nmem.wlfloatElemElement code (G3)meta.code;phys.atmol.elementfloatf_Elem[c] c = UV OH linesmeta.codecharExPot[0/9.2] Excitation potential {chi}eVphys.atmol.excitationfloatlog(gf)[-10.3/0.8] Log of the oscillatory strengthphys.atmol.collStrengthfloatNst[1/109] Number of stars detected (2)meta.numberintJ/ApJ/778/56/starsThe 122 candidate extremely metal poor (EMP) stars (mostly from the HES, and log of HIRES/Keck and Mike/Magellan), with abundances, stellar parameters and fits to FeI abundances (tables 1, 2a, 3 and 6)SimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharModSpectrograph mode (3)instr.setupcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDSource identifier (G2)meta.id;meta.maincharprimaryRAJ2000Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainVmag[9.8/16.6] The V band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.Vfloatu_Vmag[d] HES magnitude (1)meta.code.errorcharDateUT date of the observationtime.epoch;obsnullableExp[240/18000] Exposure timestime.duration;obs.exposureintl_S/NLimit flag on S/Nmeta.code.errorcharS/N[35/150] Signal-to-noise (2)stat.snrintHRV[-1164/373] Heliocentric radial velocitykm/sspect.dopplerVeloc;pos.heliocentricfloatHCatSources within 2" from Christlieb+, 2008, J/A+A/484/721meta.ref.urlintnullableNvNumber of velocity measures for this star (table 2b)meta.numberintnullableNwNumber of abundance measures for this star (table 10)meta.numberintnullableNabNumber of relative abundance measures for this star (table 10)meta.numberintnullableC[1/3] Star C-type (G1)src.classintnullable[Fe/H]1[-4.1/-2.1] Metallicity from HIRESlog(Sun)phys.abund.Zfloatnullablel_[C/Fe][{<=} ] Limit flag on [C/Fe]meta.code.error;phys.abund[C/Fe]? Abundance of [C/Fe]log(Sun)phys.abundfloatnullableTeff1[4600/6750]? Effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintnullables[0+] s-rich flag: + = High [Ba/Fe]; 0 = normal [Ba/Fe])meta.codecharNotesIndividual notes (4)meta.notecharAna[ST de] Note on the analysis (5)meta.note;obs.paramcharNTeff[4592/6730] Nominal effective temperature (6)Kphys.temperature.effectiveintnullablee_NTeff? Error in NTeff (7)Kstat.errorintnullableNlog(g)[1/5] Nominal surface gravity (6)log(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloatnullableTeff[4592/6750] Adopted effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintnullablelog(g)Adopted surface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloatnullablevt[0.4/2.5] Microturbulent velocitykm/sphys.velocfloatnullable[Fe/H][-4.1/-1.9] Metallicity (8)log(Sun)phys.abund.ZfloatnullableN[7/91] Number of FeI linesmeta.numberintnullablef-chi? Fit of abundance vs {chi} (excitation potential) d[log({epsilon}(Fe)]/d{chi} (dex/eV)stat.fit.paramfloatnullablef-EW? Fit of abundance vs equivalent width d[log({epsilon}(Fe)]/d(W_{lambda}_/{lambda})stat.fit.paramfloatnullablef-lam? Fit of abundance vs {lambda} d[log({epsilon}(Fe)]/d({lambda}) (dex/{AA})stat.fit.paramdoublenullable