J/ApJ/773/L27ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/773/L27doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.17739027CDSPark H.S.Lee M.G.2017-12-05T05:10:25Z2015-03-23T10:29:13ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgalaxiesvisible-astronomyglobular-star-clustersgalaxy-classification-systemsWe present a determination of the two-dimensional shape parameters of the blue and red globular cluster systems (GCSs) in a large number of elliptical galaxies and lenticular galaxies (early-type galaxies, called ETGs). We use a homogeneous data set of the globular clusters in 23 ETGs obtained from the HST/ACS Virgo Cluster Survey. The position angles of both blue and red GCSs show a correlation with those of the stellar light distribution, showing that the major axes of the GCSs are well aligned with those of their host galaxies. However, the shapes of the red GCSs show a tight correlation with the stellar light distribution as well as with the rotation property of their host galaxies, while the shapes of the blue GCSs do much less. These provide clear geometric evidence that the origins of the blue and red globular clusters are distinct and that ETGs may have dual halos: a blue (metal-poor) halo and a red (metal-rich) halo. These two halos show significant differences in metallicity, structure, and kinematics, indicating that they are formed in two distinguishable ways. The red halos might have formed via dissipational processes with rotation, while the blue halos are through accretion.2013ApJ...773L..27Phttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/773/L27CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/hst : HST Archived Exposures Catalog (STScI, 2007)J/MNRAS/428/389 : SLUGGS GCs in early-type galaxies (Pota+, 2013)J/ApJ/759/116 : Chemical analysis of NGC 4636 GCs (Park+, 2012)J/A+A/543/A131 : NGC1316 globular cluster candidates phot. (Richtler+, 2012)J/ApJ/746/88 : HST observations of GCs in NGC 1399 (Blakeslee+, 2012)J/ApJS/197/33 : The M87 globular cluster system (Strader+, 2011)J/ApJ/743/149 : Color-metallicity relations. II. M87 GCs (Yoon+, 2011)J/MNRAS/416/1680 : ATLAS3D project. VII. (Cappellari+, 2011)J/ApJ/708/1335 : Spectroscopy of globulars in NGC 5128 (Woodley+, 2010)J/ApJS/182/216 : Surface photometry of Virgo ellipticals (Kormendy+, 2009)J/ApJS/180/54 : GC candidates in ACS Virgo survey. (Jordan+, 2009)J/ApJ/682/135 : CCD photometry of M60 (Lee+, 2008)J/ApJ/681/197 : ACS Virgo Cluster Survey. XV (Peng+, 2008)J/ApJS/164/334 : ACS Virgo Cluster Survey. VI (Ferrarese+, 2006)J/A+A/433/43 : C-T1 phot. of NGC 4636 GC system (Dirsch+, 2005)J/ApJS/153/223 : ACS Virgo Cluster Survey (ACSVCS). I. (Cote+, 2004)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/773/L27https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/773/L27http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/773/L27https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/773/L27https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/773/L27http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/773/L27GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/773/L27/table1 (Shape parameters for the globular cluster systems (GCSs) in 23 bright early-type galaxies)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/773/L27/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/773/L27/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/773/L27/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true187.44499178.00041110.0055555555555555566/26362 26542 27718 27719 27728 27730 27734 27738 27743 27765 27773 27907 27913 27914 27936 27938 27944 28038 28045https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/773/L27?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/773/L27/table1Shape parameters for the globular cluster systems (GCSs) in 23 bright early-type galaxiese_PA[4/54] Error in PAdegstat.errorfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintn_VCCSubset flag on VCC (1)meta.notecharVCC[685/2095] Virgo Cluster Catalog identifiermeta.id;meta.mainintN[24/1468] Number of globular clusters in setmeta.numberintMajAxis[28.9/59] Major axis length of GC systemarcsecphys.angSizefloate_MajAxis[0.7/6] Error in MajAxisarcsecstat.error;phys.angSizefloatMinAxis[11/53] Minor axis length of GC systemarcsecphys.angSize;srcfloate_MinAxis[0.7/6] Error in MinAxisarcsecstat.error;phys.angSizefloatPA[13/180] Position angle of GC systemdegpos.posAngfloatEll[0.01/0.7] Ellipticity of GC systemsrc.ellipticityfloate_Ell[0.01/0.2] Error in Ellstat.errorfloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharNEDSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main