J/ApJ/770/90ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/770/90doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.17700090CDSGaidos E.2017-09-19T14:24:11Z2015-01-29T14:09:07ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsolar-system-planetsmultiple-starsstellar-massesstellar-agesmetallicityA key goal of the Kepler mission is the discovery of Earth-size transiting planets in "habitable zones" where stellar irradiance maintains a temperate climate on an Earth-like planet. Robust estimates of planet radius and irradiance require accurate stellar parameters, but most Kepler systems are faint, making spectroscopy difficult and prioritization of targets desirable. The parameters of 2035 host stars were estimated by Bayesian analysis and the probabilities p_HZ_ that 2738 candidate or confirmed planets orbit in the habitable zone were calculated. Dartmouth Stellar Evolution Program models were compared to photometry from the Kepler Input Catalog, priors for stellar mass, age, metallicity and distance, and planet transit duration. The analysis yielded probability density functions for calculating confidence intervals of planet radius and stellar irradiance, as well as p_HZ_. Sixty-two planets have p_HZ_>0.5 and a most probable stellar irradiance within habitable zone limits. Fourteen of these have radii less than twice the Earth; the objects most resembling Earth in terms of radius and irradiance are KOIs 2626.01 and 3010.01, which orbit late K/M-type dwarf stars. The fraction of Kepler dwarf stars with Earth-size planets in the habitable zone ({eta}_{Earth}_) is 0.46, with a 95% confidence interval of 0.31-0.64. Parallaxes from the Gaia mission will reduce uncertainties by more than a factor of five and permit definitive assignments of transiting planets to the habitable zones of Kepler stars.2013ApJ...770...90Ghttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/770/90CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toV/133 : Kepler Input Catalog (Kepler Mission Team, 2009)V/136 : Teff and metallicities for Tycho-2 stars (Ammons+, 2006)II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)J/A+A/567/A133 : Habitable zone code (Valle+, 2014)J/ApJ/770/69 : Kepler planet candidates radii (Petigura+, 2013)J/ApJ/770/43 : Spectroscopic [Fe/H] of Kepler planet hosts (Mann+, 2013)J/ApJ/767/95 : Improved param. of smallest KIC stars (Dressing+, 2013)J/AJ/145/102 : Bright M dwarfs spectro. in the northern sky (Lepine+, 2013)J/ApJS/204/24 : Kepler planetary candidates. III. (Batalha+, 2013)J/A+A/549/A109 : HARPS XXXI. The M-dwarf sample (Bonfils+, 2013)J/AJ/144/24 : The Kepler-INT survey (Greiss+, 2012)J/ApJ/757/112 : Stellar diameters. II. K and M-stars (Boyajian+, 2012)J/ApJ/756/186 : TTVs from Kepler. VI. Statistical tests (Steffen+, 2012)J/ApJ/753/90 : Stellar param. of K5 & later type Kepler stars (Mann+, 2012)J/ApJ/750/L37 : Stellar parameters of low-mass KOIs (Muirhead+, 2012)J/ApJS/199/30 : KIC stars effective temperature scale (Pinsonneault+, 2012)J/MNRAS/423/122 : Abundances of 93 solar-type Kepler targets (Bruntt+, 2012)J/other/Nat/486.375 : Stellar parameters of KOI stars (Buchhave+, 2012)J/MNRAS/411/435 : Stellar parameters and extinction (Bailer-Jones, 2011)J/AJ/142/112 : KIC photometric calibration (Brown+, 2011)J/ApJ/736/19 : Kepler planetary candidates. II. (Borucki+, 2011)J/ApJ/736/L25 : Habitability of Kepler planetary cand. (Kaltenegger+, 2011)J/ApJ/649/1010 : Habitability of known exoplanetary systems (Jones+, 2006)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/770/90https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/770/90http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/770/90https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/770/90https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/770/90http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/770/90GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/770/90/table1 (Candidate planets in the habitable zones of Kepler stars (64 with p_HZ_>50%))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/770/90/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/770/90/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/770/90/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true289.217547.884460.0055555555555555565/3691 3734 6/14586 14734 14746 14756 14758 14770 14771 14772 14794 14819 14824 14825 14830 14915 14917 14921 14929 14930 14934 14942 14944 14955 14961 14964 14966 14971 14973 15044 15104 15108 15109 15113 15119 15120 15126 15129 15130 15132 15140 15143 15146 15149 15150 15160 15168 15170 15174 15232https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/770/90?format=asciidefaultJ/ApJ/770/90/table1Candidate planets in the habitable zones of Kepler stars (64 with p_HZ_>50%)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintf_KOI[o] "o" for other HZ candidates (pHZ<0.5) (1)meta.codecharKOI[87.01/3086.01] KOI planet candidate IDmeta.id.assocfloatKIC[2973386/12417486] KIC star numbermeta.id;meta.mainintpHZ[0.03/1] Habitable Zone probabilitystat.fit.goodnessfloatPer[14.9/574] Orbital perioddtime.periodfloatIr[0.2/3.3] Most probable value of Irradiance; in I_{Earth}_ unitphot.flux.density;em.optfloatb_Ir[0.1/2] 95% lower limit on Irmeta.notefloatB_Ir[0.2/25] 95% upper limit on Irmeta.notefloatRp[1/11.5] Most probable planet radius(6.3781x10+6m)phys.size.radiusfloatb_Rp[0.8/11] 95% lower limit on Rp(6.3781x10+6m)phys.size.radius;stat.minfloatB_Rp[1/27] 95% upper limit on Rp(6.3781x10+6m)phys.size.radius;stat.maxfloatTeff[3542/6244] Star effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintlogg[4.2/5] Star surface gravitylog(cm.s**-2)phot.sbfloat[Fe/H][-0.5/0.2] Star metallicitylog(Sun)phys.abund.ZfloatL*[0.01/2.1] Log of stellar luminositylog(solLum)phys.luminosityfloatM*[0.3/1.2] Stellar masssolMassphys.massfloatAge[1/8.6] Stellar ageGyrtime.agefloatKeplerPlanet Kepler namemeta.id.assoccharRefReference(s) (2)meta.ref;pos.framecharMData from Buchhave et al. 2012, J/other/Nat/486.375; Muirhead et al. 2012, J/ApJ/750/L37; Borucki et al. 2011, J/ApJ/736/19; Kaltenegger et al. 2011, J/ApJ/736/L25; Batalha et al. 2013, J/ApJS/204/24; Dressing et al. 2013, J/ApJ/767/95meta.ref.urlintnullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPositions from Kepler Input Catalog (V/133) (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from Kepler Input Catalog (V/133) (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main