J/ApJ/768/99ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/768/99doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.17680099CDSPillitteri I.Wolk S.J.Megeath S.T.Allen L.Bally J.Gagne M.,Gutermuth R.A.Hartman L.Micela G.Myers P.Oliveira J.M.,Sciortino S.Walter F.Rebull L.Stauffer J.2023-05-11T11:15:36Z2015-01-07T13:27:45ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frx-ray-sourcesyoung-stellar-objectsinfrared-photometryWe present an XMM-Newton survey of the part of the Orion A cloud south of the Orion Nebula. This survey includes the Lynds 1641 (L1641) dark cloud, a region of the Orion A cloud with very few massive stars and hence a relatively low ambient UV flux, and the region around the O9III star {iota} Orionis. In addition to proprietary data, we used archival XMM data of the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) to extend our analysis to a major fraction of the Orion A cloud. We have detected 1060 X-ray sources in L1641 and the {iota} Ori region. About 94% of the sources have Two Micron All Sky Survey and Spitzer counterparts, 204 and 23 being Class II and Class I or protostar objects, respectively. In addition, we have identified 489 X-ray sources as counterparts to Class III candidates, given they are bright in X-rays and appear as normal photospheres at mid-IR wavelengths. The remaining 205 X-ray sources are likely distant active galactic nuclei or other galactic sources not related to Orion A. We find that Class III candidates appear more concentrated in two main clusters in L1641. The first cluster of Class III stars is found toward the northern part of L1641, concentrated around {iota} Ori. The stars in this cluster are more evolved than those in the Orion Nebula. We estimate a distance of 300-320 pc for this cluster showing that it is in the foreground of the Orion A cloud. Another cluster rich in Class III stars is located in L1641 South and appears to be a slightly older cluster embedded in the Orion A cloud. Furthermore, other evolved Class III stars are found north of the ONC toward NGC 1977.2013ApJ...768...99Phttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/768/99CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/xmm : XMM-Newton Observation Log (XMM-Newton Science Operation Center, 2012)J/A+A/564/A29 : Optical and near-infrared photometry in Orion A (Bouy+, 2014)J/ApJS/208/28 : H{alpha} survey in the ONC (Szegedi-Elek+, 2013)J/ApJS/207/5 : YSOs in LDN 1641 with Hectochelle spectra (Fang+, 2013)J/ApJ/764/114 : BVRI photometry of stars in Orion A (Hsu+, 2013)J/ApJ/752/59 : Low-mass population in L1641 (Hsu+, 2012)J/AJ/144/192 : Spitzer survey of Orion A and B. I. YSO cat. (Megeath+, 2012)J/AJ/144/101 : Multiwavelength data of IRAS 20050+2720 SFR (Guenther+, 2012)J/AJ/144/31 : Spitzer+2MASS phot. of protostar candidates (Kryukova+, 2012)J/ApJ/733/50 : MIR phot. monitoring of the ONC (Morales-Calderon+, 2011)J/AJ/140/266 : NGC 1333 X-ray luminous YSOs properties (Winston+, 2010)J/AJ/139/950 : JHKs photometry in ONC (Robberto+, 2010)J/ApJ/725/2485 : X-rays from the star-forming complex W40 (Kuhn+, 2010)J/A+A/504/461 : YSOs in L1630N and L1641 (Fang+, 2009)J/ApJ/693/L81 : Extinction in star-forming regions (McClure, 2009)J/ApJS/184/18 : Spitzer survey of young stellar clusters (Gutermuth+, 2009)J/ApJ/677/401 : Xray properties of protostars in ONC (Prisinzano+, 2008)J/AJ/135/693 : X-ray and IR sources in RCW 108 (Wolk+, 2008)J/ApJ/665/1194 : Dense cores in the Orion A cloud survey (Ikeda+, 2007)J/ApJ/646/297 : Spitzer obs. of pre-main-sequence stars (Rebull+, 2006)J/ApJS/160/319 : COUP: observations and source lists (Getman+, 2005)J/AJ/128/2316 : BVRIJHKs photometry in sigma Ori cluster (Sherry+, 2004)J/AJ/128/787 : Chandra Orion flanking fields data (Ramirez+, 2004)J/AJ/119/3026 : Circumstellar disk candidates in Orion (Rebull+, 2000)J/ApJ/525/466 : Young low-mass stars & brown dwarfs in IC 348 (Luhman+, 1999)J/A+A/337/403 : Low-mass stars evolutionary models (Baraffe+ 1998)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/768/99https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/768/99http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/768/99https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/768/99https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/768/99http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/768/99GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/768/99/table1 (List of XMM-Newton observations)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/768/99/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/768/99/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/768/99/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true83.85825-5.90988890.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/768/99/table2 (List of X-ray detected sources)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/768/99/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/768/99/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/768/99/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true83.45625-6.3016390.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/768/99/table3 (Best fit parameters 1{sigma} errors obtained from the modeling of X-ray spectra)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/768/99/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/768/99/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/768/99/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true83.49375-6.25394440.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/768/99/table4 (List of X-ray and IR matches (970 X-ray sources); from erratum published in 2013, ApJ, 768, 99)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/768/99/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/768/99/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/768/99/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true83.4561-6.30190.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/768/99/table5 (*List of candidates with MIPS [24] excesses and two additional Class III candidates)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/768/99/table5?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/768/99/table5?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/768/99/table5?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true83.52590694-6.51250080.0055555555555555566/21403 21406 21425 21427-21428 21430 21435-21436 21438 228056.772611666688002e-21 1.7003137259100215e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/768/99?format=asciiX-rayInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/768/99/table1List of XMM-Newton observationsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintObsIdObservation ID number (1)meta.id;obslongprimaryFieldField name (starting with "S" for southern or "N" for northern fields)obs.fieldcharRAJ2000[5] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[4/8] Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainDateObservation date (UT)time.epoch;obsnullableExp[4.6/60] Exposure time after GTI filteringkstime.duration;obs.exposurefloatFiltEPIC filter used during exposure (Thick, Medium or Thin1)instr.setup;instr.filtercharNotesNotes (archive data - other field name)meta.notecharJ/ApJ/768/99/table2List of X-ray detected sourcesRAJ2000[5] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[5/8] Degree of Declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainOff[0.5/17.5] Off-axis distance (1)arcminpos.angDistancefloatCtNet total (MOS1+MOS2+PN) 0.3-8keV countsctphot.count;em.X-rayinte_CtUncertainty in Ctctstat.errorintRateCount (0.3-8 keV) rate scaled to MOS sensitivityct/ksphot.count;em.X-rayfloate_RateUncertainty in Ratect/ksstat.errorfloatFmeta.ref.urlcharObsIdXMM observation identifier \linkRole{observation data (table 1)}meta.id;obs.param;obslongrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSOXS[1/1060] Source identifiermeta.id;meta.mainintprimaryIRNumber of IR matches for this X-ray source (table 4)meta.numberintnullableExp[1/171] Sum of exposure times from EPIC cameraskstime.duration;obs.exposurefloatJ/ApJ/768/99/table3Best fit parameters 1{sigma} errors obtained from the modeling of X-ray spectraDoFDegrees of freedomstat.fit.dofintSOXS[4/1055] Source identifiermeta.id;meta.mainintrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintModelModel descriptorstat.param;meta.modelledcharchi2[0.2/4.5] Reduced {chi}^2^ of modelstat.param;meta.modelledfloatNH[0/525] The N_H_ column absorption1e+20cm**-2phys.absorptionfloate_NH? Uncertainty in NH1e+20cm**-2stat.errorfloatnullablekT1[0.1/64] First component kT valuekeVphys.temperaturefloate_kT1Uncertainty in kT1keVstat.errordoubleNorm1First component normalization1e-05cm**-5stat.fit.paramfloate_Norm1? Uncertainty in Norm11e-05cm**-5stat.errordoublenullablekT2[0.2/1.2]? Second component kT valuekeVphys.energyfloatnullablee_kT2? Uncertainty in kT2keVstat.errorfloatnullableNorm2? Second component normalization1e-05cm**-5stat.fit.paramfloatnullablee_Norm2? Uncertainty in Norm21e-05cm**-5stat.errorfloatnullableZ[0/1.2]? Global abundancephys.abundfloatnullableFlux[1/875] The 0.3-8 keV X-ray flux; in 10^-14^erg/s/cm^2^1e-17W.cm**-2phot.flux;em.X-rayfloat_RAPositions form table2 (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions form table2 (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJ/768/99/table4List of X-ray and IR matches (970 X-ray sources); from erratum published in 2013, ApJ, 768, 99Hmag? 2MASS H band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.HfloatnullableKmag[3.7/15.4]? 2MASS Ks band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullable[3.6][6/18]? Spitzer/IRAC 3.6{mu}m band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullable[4.5]? Spitzer/IRAC 4.5{mu}m band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullable[5.8]? Spitzer/IRAC 5.8{mu}m band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullable[8.0][3/15]? Spitzer/IRAC 8.0{mu}m band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullable[24][-0.3/10.4]? Spitzer/MIPS 24{mu}m band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloatnullableI[F/T] A class 0/I/flat-spectrum object flagmeta.code.classcharII[F/T] Class II candidate status (false or true)meta.code.classcharIII[F/T] Class III candidate status (false or true)meta.code.classcharRad[0.1/5] Match radius between X-ray & IR positionsarcsecpos.angDistancefloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSOXS[1/1060] Source identifier (1)meta.id;meta.mainintRAJ2000Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJmag[3.4/17.1]? 2MASS J band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloatnullable2MDisplay the 2MASS data (Cutri et al. 2003, Cat. II/246) within 6"meta.ref.urlcharJ/ApJ/768/99/table5*List of candidates with MIPS [24] excesses and two additional Class III candidates[5.8][8.3/12.4]? Spitzer/IRAC 5.8{mu}m band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullableID[13/468] ID number (1)meta.id;meta.mainintrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintf_ID[c] additional class III candidates (2)meta.codecharRAJ2000IR right ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000IR declination in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJmag[10.4/16.3]? 2MASS J band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.JfloatnullableHmag[9.9/13.5]? 2MASS H band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.HfloatnullableKsmag[9.8/13]? 2MASS Ks band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullable[3.6][9/15]? Spitzer/IRAC 3.6{mu}m band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullable[4.5][8.7/15]? Spitzer/IRAC 4.5{mu}m band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullable[8.0][7.7/12.4]? Spitzer/IRAC 8.0{mu}m band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umfloatnullable[24][4.6/9.2]? Spitzer/MIPS 24{mu}m band magnitudemagphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umfloatnullableNotesNotes (3)meta.notecharM12Display the Megeath et al. 2012, J/AJ/144/192, data (if any)meta.ref.urlintnullableSXOSDisplay the SXOS source(s) (in table2)meta.ref.urlchar2MDisplay the 2MASS data (Cutri et al. 2003, Cat. II/246) within 6"meta.ref.urlchar