J/ApJ/760/26ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/760/26doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.17600026CDSBarber S.D.Patterson A.J.Kilic M.Leggett S.K.Dufour P.Bloom J.S.,Starr D.L.2021-08-10T11:32:08Z2014-08-29T14:28:04ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frwhite-dwarf-starsinfrared-photometrystellar-masseseffective-temperatureWe present near- and mid-infrared photometry and spectroscopy from PAIRITEL, IRTF, and Spitzer of a metallicity-unbiased sample of 117 cool, hydrogen-atmosphere white dwarfs (WDs) from the Palomar-Green survey and find five with excess radiation in the infrared, translating to a 4.3^+2.7^_-1.2_% frequency of debris disks. This is slightly higher than, but consistent with the results of previous surveys. Using an initial-final mass relation, we apply this result to the progenitor stars of our sample and conclude that 1-7M_{sun}_ stars have at least a 4.3% chance of hosting planets; an indirect probe of the intermediate-mass regime eluding conventional exoplanetary detection methods. Alternatively, we interpret this result as a limit on accretion timescales as a fraction of WD cooling ages; WDs accrete debris from several generations of disks for ~10Myr. The average total mass accreted by these stars ranges from that of 200km asteroids to Ceres-sized objects, indicating that WDs accrete moons and dwarf planets as well as solar system asteroid analogs.2012ApJ...760...26Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/760/26CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)II/207 : Palomar-Green catalog UV-excess stellar objects (Green+ 1986)J/AJ/146/34 : IR photometry of DA white dwarfs from LAMOST (Zhang+, 2013)J/MNRAS/417/1210 : DA-white dwarfs from SDSS and UKIDSS (Girven+, 2011)J/ApJS/197/38 : The WIRED survey. II. (Debes+, 2011)J/A+A/466/627 : Parameters of DA white dwarfs in SDSS-DR1 (Hu+, 2007)J/AJ/132/1221 : VJHK and SDSS photometry of DA white dwarfs (Holberg+, 2006)J/ApJ/631/1100 : Atmospheric parameters of DA white dwarfs (Gianninas+, 2005)J/ApJS/161/394 : Low-luminosity companions to white dwarfs (Farihi+, 2005)J/ApJS/156/47 : DA WDs from the Palomar Green Survey (Liebert+, 2005)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/760/26https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/760/26http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/760/26https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/760/26https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/760/26http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/760/26GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/760/26/sample (DA white dwarf sample: properties and near-IR photometry (table1), and Spitzer Cycle 7 photometry fluxes (3.6 and 4.5{mu}m))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/760/26/sample?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/760/26/sample?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/760/26/sample?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true0.645442817.45551670.0055555555555555566/2075 2182 2184 4319 4606 5032 5118 5133 5195 5457 5608 5636 5827 5927 5989 6425 6523 7257 7265 7423 7483 7606 7672 7750 7958 8199 8250 8280 8442 8475 8516 8546 8727 8965 9071 9176 9305 9424 9471 9497 9602 9610 9859 10121 10445 10462 10474 10504 10645 10647 10905 10923 10968 11020 11027 11095 11131 11217 11369 11511 11529 11593 11662 11678 11689 11784 11875 11984 18079 18902 18911 19251 19587 19629 19702 19819 19979 20001 20078 20155 20198 20360 25407 25712 26168 26235 26258 26282 26302 26495 26611 27078 27209 27236 27247 27381 27395 27429 27441 27490 27594 27595 27631 27693 27784 27930 28183 28212 28460 28559 31265 31290 31407 31714 31735 449923.9193497546148093e-20 1.7798557115773645e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/760/26?format=asciiInfrareddefaultJ/ApJ/760/26/sampleDA white dwarf sample: properties and near-IR photometry (table1), and Spitzer Cycle 7 photometry fluxes (3.6 and 4.5{mu}m)RefReference(s) (3)meta.ref;pos.framechartau[11/2692] Cooling timeMyrtime.ageintrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintPGThe Palomar Green Survey identification (1)meta.id;meta.maincharTeff[9520/22460] Effective temperature (1)Kphys.temperature.effectiveintlogg[7.3/9] Surface gravity (1)log(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloatMass[0.4/1.2] White dwarf mass (1)solMassphys.massfloatM*[0.1/7.2] Progenitor Main Sequence mass (2)solMassphys.mass;meta.mainfloatJmag[12.9/17] J-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Jfloate_Jmag[0.006/0.2] Jmag uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatHmag[12.9/17]? H-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Hfloatnullablee_Hmag[0.009/0.3]? Hmag uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableKmag[12.6/17]? Ks-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatnullablee_Kmag[0.01/0.3]? Kmag uncertaintymagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullableSrcData source (I=IRTF, S=Spitzer or P=PAIRITEL)meta.ref;pos.framecharnullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar[3.6][42.5/436] Spitzer/IRAC 3.6um fluxuJyphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umfloatnullablee_[3.6][1.5/13.5] 3.6um flux uncertaintyuJystat.errorfloatnullable[4.5][26.6/484] Spitzer/IRAC 4.5um fluxuJyphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umfloatnullablee_[4.5][1.3/15] 4.5um flux uncertaintyuJystat.errorfloatnullable_RAPositions from SIMBAD database (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from SIMBAD database (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main