J/ApJ/757/109ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/757/109doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.17570109CDSCarlberg J.K.Cunha K.Smith V.V.Majewski S.R.2017-07-06T06:25:27Z2014-07-02T12:21:05ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frchemical-abundancesgiant-starsThe orbital angular momentum of a close-orbiting giant planet can be sufficiently large that, if transferred to the envelope of the host star during the red giant branch (RGB) evolution, it can spin-up the star's rotation to unusually large speeds. This spin-up mechanism is one possible explanation for the rapid rotators detected among the population of generally slow-rotating red giant stars. These rapid rotators thus comprise a unique stellar sample suitable for searching for signatures of planet accretion in the form of unusual stellar abundances due to the dissemination of the accreted planet in the stellar envelope. In this study, we look for signatures of replenishment in the Li abundances and (to a lesser extent) ^12^C/^13^C, which are both normally lowered during RGB evolution. Accurate abundances were measured from high signal-to-noise echelle spectra for samples of both slow and rapid rotator red giant stars. We find that the rapid rotators are on average enriched in lithium compared to the slow rotators, but both groups of stars have identical distributions of ^12^C/^13^C within our measurement precision. Both of these abundance results are consistent with the accretion of planets of only a few Jupiter masses. We also explore alternative scenarios for understanding the most Li-rich stars in our sample--particularly Li regeneration during various stages of stellar evolution. Finally, we find that our stellar samples show non-standard abundances even at early RGB stages, suggesting that initial protostellar Li abundances and ^12^C/^13^C may be more variable than originally thought.2012ApJ...757..109Chttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/757/109CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toV/128 : Chromospherically Active Binaries. Third version (Eker+, 2008)III/244 : Catalog of Stellar Rotational Velocities (Glebocki+ 2005)I/259 : The Tycho-2 Catalogue (Hog+ 2000)J/A+A/538/A36 : Lithium abundances of bulge RGB stars (Lebzelter+, 2012)J/A+A/536/A71 : Atmospheric parameters of nearby giant stars (Jones+, 2011)J/ApJ/732/39 : Rotational velocities of K giant stars (Carlberg+, 2011)J/PASP/123/412 : Exoplanet Orbit Database (Wright+, 2011)J/AJ/140/1911 : Astrometric Grid Giant Star Survey. II. (Bizyaev+, 2010)J/A+A/503/541 : Neutral Li in late-type stars (Lind+, 2009)J/A+A/502/267 : EWs of 31 giant stars of 10 open clusters (Smiljanic+, 2009)J/AJ/135/209 : Rotational & RVs of HIP giants (Massarotti+, 2008)J/A+A/475/1003 : Stellar parameters of G and K giant stars (Hekker+, 2007)J/AJ/131/1784 : Astrometric Grid Giant Star Survey. I. (Bizyaev+, 2006)J/ApJ/646/523 : Exoplanet systems with stellar companions (Raghavan+, 2006)J/ApJ/646/505 : Catalog of nearby exoplanets (Butler+, 2006)J/ApJ/636/821 : Abundances of Baade's Window K giants (Fulbright+, 2006)J/A+A/430/165 : Radial velocities for 6691 K and M giants (Famaey+, 2005)J/A+AS/142/275 : Stellar activity of late-type stars (Strassmeier+ 2000)J/A+A/363/239 : Lithium abundances in single giant stars (De Medeiros+, 2000)J/A+A/364/674 : Li-rich giants atomic lines (Castilho+, 2000)J/A+AS/139/433 : RV and vsini of evolved stars (de Medeiros+ 1999)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/757/109https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/757/109http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/757/109https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/757/109https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/757/109http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/757/109GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/757/109/table2 (Observation log)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/757/109/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/757/109/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/757/109/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true213.91541719.18250.0055555555555555566/204 346 920 1506 1930 2312 3192 3579 5374 5416 5451 5472 6024 6191 6219 6226 6251 6459 7045 7069 7279 7325 7332 7511 7760 7964 8222 8350 8371 8645 8734 8767 8866 9120 9127 9227 10101 10161 10164 10628 10833 10886 11048 11165 11473 12030 13154 14466 15339 15624 15707 15715 15901 15911 18688 19138 21004 21174 21307 21909 21977 22518 22938 23010 23210 23540 23839 24398 25351 25388 25483 26026 26083 26595 26897 27034 27169 27242 27663 27962 28149 28538 28624 36300 36612 39675 40570 40635 40913 43893https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/757/109?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/757/109/table2Observation logNameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharObsObservatory (KPNO or APO)meta.id;instr.obstycharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSetSet of stars (1)meta.notecharNobsNumber and link to observations (table 2)meta.numberintnullableNaNumber of abundance determinations for this starmeta.numberintnullableRAJ2000Hour of right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainVmag[/12.6] V-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatNexpNumber of exposuresmeta.numberintTexpIndividual exposure time(s)stime.duration;obs.exposurecharDateObservation datetime.epoch;obsnullableDay? Second day of observationtime.epoch;obsintnullableOCatCross-match within 3" with Massarotti et al. 2008, J/AJ/135/209; Famaey et al. 2005, J/A+A/430/165 and Castilho et al. 2001, J/A+A/364/674meta.ref.urlintnullableC11Display the data from Carlberg et al. 2011, J/ApJ/732/39, within 3"meta.ref.urlintnullableSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharJ/ApJ/757/109/abundDerived stellar parameters, A(Li) and ^12^C/^13^C of the program starsNameStellar name (G1)meta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNobsNumber and link to observations (table 2)meta.numberintnullableYear? Observation year (1)yrtimeintnullablef_Teff[b] Adopted atmospheric parameters (2)meta.codecharTeff[4050/5170] Effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintlog(g)[0.9/3.6] Logarithm of surface gravity (3)log(cm.s**-2)phys.gravityfloatAFeIMean abundance of FeIphys.abundfloate_AFeIStandard deviation of AFeIstat.errorfloato_AFeINumber of FeI lines used to determine AFeImeta.numberintAFeIIMean abundance of FeIIphys.abundfloate_AFeIIStandard deviation of AFeIIstat.errorfloato_AFeIINumber of FeII lines used to determine AFeIImeta.numberintxi[0.5/3] Microturbulence velocity {xi}km/sphys.veloc.microTurbfloatvsini[0/30.4] Projected rotational velocitykm/sphys.veloc.rotatfloate_vsini[0/1] Error in vsinikm/sstat.error;phys.veloc.rotatfloato_vsini[3/6] Number of lines from which vsini is measuredmeta.numberintzeta[2/7.2] Macroturbulence velocity {zeta}km/sphys.velocfloatn_ALi-L[ab] Note on ALi derivation (4)meta.notecharALi-L[-2/3.7]? LTE lithium abundancephys.abundfloatnullables_ALi-L? {delta}A(Li), uncertainty due to the choice of what constitutes the best fitstat.error;meta.modelledfloatnullablee_ALi-L? Total error in A(Li)stat.errorfloatnullableALi-N[-1.9/3.3]? NLTE lithium abundancephys.abundfloatnullable12/13C[6.9/40.3]? Number ratio of ^12^C to ^13^Cphys.abundfloatnullablee_12/13C? Uncertainty in the 12C/13Cstat.errorfloatnullable