J/ApJ/756/185ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/756/185doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.17560185CDSFord E.B.Ragozzine D.Rowe J.F.Steffen J.H.Barclay T.Batalha N.M.,Borucki W.J.Bryson S.T.Caldwell D.A.Fabrycky D.C.Gautier T.N.,Holman M.J.Ibrahim K.A.Kjeldsen H.Kinemuchi K.Koch D.G.,Lissauer J.J.Still M.Tenenbaum P.Uddin K.Welsh W.2017-11-29T11:48:36Z2014-06-23T11:15:29ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frmultiple-starssolar-system-planetsastronomical-modelsTransit timing variations provide a powerful tool for confirming and characterizing transiting planets, as well as detecting non-transiting planets. We report the results of an updated transit timing variation (TTV) analysis for 1481 planet candidates based on transit times measured during the first sixteen months of Kepler observations. We present 39 strong TTV candidates based on long-term trends (2.8% of suitable data sets). We present another 136 weaker TTV candidates (9.8% of suitable data sets) based on the excess scatter of TTV measurements about a linear ephemeris. We anticipate that several of these planet candidates could be confirmed and perhaps characterized with more detailed TTV analyses using publicly available Kepler observations. For many others, Kepler has observed a long-term TTV trend, but an extended Kepler mission will be required to characterize the system via TTVs. We find that the occurrence rate of planet candidates that show TTVs is significantly increased (~68%) for planet candidates transiting stars with multiple transiting planet candidates when compared to planet candidates transiting stars with a single transiting planet candidate.2012ApJ...756..185Fhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/756/185CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/ApJ/784/45 : Kepler's multiple planet candidates. III. (Rowe+, 2014)J/ApJS/210/19 : Kepler planetary candidates. IV. 22 months (Burke+, 2014)J/ApJS/208/16 : Kepler transit timing observations. VIII. (Mazeh+, 2013)J/ApJS/204/24 : Kepler planetary candidates. III. (Batalha+, 2013)J/A+A/555/A58 : New Kepler planetary candidates (Ofir+, 2013)J/ApJ/750/114 : Kepler TTVs. IV. 4 multiple-planet systems (Fabrycky+, 2012)J/ApJ/750/113 : Kepler TTVs. II. Confirmed multiplanet systems (Ford+, 2012)J/MNRAS/421/2342 : 4 Kepler systems transit timing obs. (Steffen+, 2012)J/A+A/536/L9 : Detections of transit variations in KOI 806 (Tingley+, 2011)J/ApJS/197/2 : Transit timing observations from Kepler. I. (Ford+, 2011)J/ApJ/736/19 : Kepler planetary candidates. II. (Borucki+, 2011)http://www.astro.ufl.edu/~eford/data/kepler/ : Kepler data from Ford et al.http://archive.stsci.edu/kepler/ : MAST Kepler home pagehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/756/185https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/756/185http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/756/185https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/756/185https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/756/185http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/756/185GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/756/185/table1 (Kepler transit timing variation (TTV) metrics catalog)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/756/185/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/756/185/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/756/185/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true286.8084749.316398890.0055555555555555564/922 923 933 934 935 945 946 5/3645 3646 3647 3704 3706 3730 3731 3776 3777 3778 3789 3792 6/14567 14573 14575 14577 14578 14579 14730 14731 14733 14734 14735 14744 14746 14750 14751 14792 14794 14828 14830 14914 14915 14918 14919 15040 15041 15044 15057 15060 15061 15062 15116 15118 15119 15153 15154 15155 15160 15161 15172 15173 15174 15178 15200 15232https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/756/185?format=asciidefaultJ/ApJ/756/185/table1Kepler transit timing variation (TTV) metrics catalogc3Coefficient c_3_ of polynomial ephemeris (3)meta.notedoublee_PfUncertainty in Pfdstat.errordoublepF3.2[0/1]? p-value for F-test comparing quadratic and cubic ephemerides (8)stat.fit.goodnessfloatnullablee_EfUncertainty in Efstat.errordoublePfPeriod of best-fit polynomial ephemeris (3)dtime.perioddoublerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKOIKepler Object of Interest identifier (1)meta.id;meta.mainfloatS/N[3/677] Photometric signal-to-noise for typical transitstat.snr;photfloatnTT[3/1160] Number of transits used for analysismeta.numberintDur[0.6/30] Batalha et al. 2013 (Cat. J/ApJS/204/24) estimated transit durationhtime.durationfloatNd[1/4] Degree of polynomial selected for ephemeris (1=linear, 2=quadratic, 3=cubic) (3)meta.numberintFlag[0/63] TTV flag (2)meta.code.errorintE1Epoch of best-fit linear ephemeristime.epochdoublee_E1Uncertainty in Elinstat.errordoubleP1[0.37/224.8] Period of best-fit linear ephemerisdtime.perioddoublee_P1[0/0.02] Uncertainty in P1dstat.errordoubleEfEpoch of best-fit polynomial ephemeris (3)time.epochdoublec2Coefficient c_2_ of polynomial ephemeris (3)meta.notedoublee_c2Uncertainty in c2stat.errordoublee_c3Uncertainty in c3stat.errordoublec4Coefficient c_4_ of polynomial ephemeris (3)meta.notedoublee_c4Uncertainty in c4stat.errordoublesigTT[01/80] Median transit time uncertaintyminstat.errorfloatMAD[0/419] Median absolute deviation (6)minstat.stdevfloatWRMS[0.1/442] Weighted root mean square deviation (6)minstat.stdevfloatpchi1[0/1] p-value for {chi}^2^-test relative to linear ephemerisstat.fit.chi2floatpchi'1[0/1] p-value for {chi}'^2^-test relative to linear ephemeris (7)stat.fit.chi2floatpchi2[0/1] p-value for {chi}^2^-test relative to quadratic ephemeris (N_d_=2)stat.fit.chi2floatpchi'2[0/1] p-value for {chi}'^2^-test relative to quadratic ephemeris (7)stat.fit.chi2floatpchi3[0/1] p-value for {chi}^2^-test relative to cubic ephemerisstat.fit.chi2floatpchi'3[0/1] p-value for {chi}'^2^-test relative to cubic ephemeris (7)stat.fit.chi2floatpchi4[0/1] p-value for {chi}^2^-test relative to quartic ephemerisstat.fit.chi2floatpchi'4[0/1] p-value for {chi}'^2^-test relative to quartic ephemeris (7)stat.fit.chi2floatpF2.1[0/1]? p-value for F-test comparing linear and quadratic ephemerides (8)stat.fit.goodnessfloatnullablepF3.1[0/1]? p-value for F-test comparing linear and cubic ephemerides (8)stat.fit.goodnessfloatnullablepF4.1[0/1]? p-value for F-test comparing linear and quartic ephemerides (8)stat.fit.goodnessfloatnullablepF4.2[0/1]? p-value for F-test comparing quadratic and quartic ephemerides (8)stat.fit.goodnessfloatnullablepF4.3[0/1]? p-value for F-test comparing cubic and quartic ephemerides (8)stat.fit.goodnessfloatnullableKCatDisplay the KOI data from Borucki+ (Cat. J/ApJ/736/19 and J/ApJS/204/24) and Rowe+ Cat. J/ApJ/784/45meta.numberintnullablepPapDisplay the TTVs data from previous Papers (Cat. J/ApJS/197/2, Cat. J/ApJ/750/113, Cat. J/MNRAS/421/2342, Cat. J/ApJ/750/114 and Cat. J/ApJS/208/16)meta.numberintnullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPositions from Batalha et al., 2013, Cat. J/ApJS/204/24 (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from Batalha et al., 2013, Cat. J/ApJS/204/24 (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main