J/ApJ/750/97ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/750/97doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.17500097CDSDrout M.R.Massey P.Meynet G.2017-06-20T13:17:36Z2014-01-20T14:43:38ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgalaxiesvisible-astronomygiant-starsradial-velocityYellow and red supergiants are evolved massive stars whose numbers and locations on the Hertzsprung-Russell (H-R) diagram can provide a stringent test for models of massive star evolution. Previous studies have found large discrepancies between the relative number of yellow supergiants (YSGs) observed as a function of mass and those predicted by evolutionary models, while a disagreement between the predicted and observed locations of red supergiants (RSGs) on the H-R diagram was only recently resolved. Here, we extend these studies by examining the YSG and RSG populations of M33. Unfortunately, identifying these stars is difficult as this portion of the color-magnitude diagram is heavily contaminated by foreground dwarfs. We identify the RSGs through a combination of radial velocities and a two-color surface gravity discriminant, and after re-characterizing the rotation curve of M33 with our newly selected RSGs, we identify the YSGs through a combination of radial velocities and the strength of the OI{lambda}7774 triplet. We examine ~1300 spectra in total and identify 121 YSGs (a sample that is unbiased in luminosity above log(L/L_{sun}_)~4.8) and 189 RSGs. After placing these objects on the H-R diagram, we find that the latest generation of Geneva evolutionary tracks shows excellent agreement with the observed locations of our RSGs and YSGs, the observed relative number of YSGs with mass, and the observed RSG upper mass limit.2012ApJ...750...97Dhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/750/97CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)J/ApJ/749/177 : Yellow and red supergiants in the LMC (Neugent+, 2012)J/MNRAS/411/263 : JHK variable stars in M33 (Javadi+ 2011)J/ApJ/703/441 : Yellow supergiants in M31 (Drout+, 2009)J/ApJ/703/420 : Red supergiants in M31 (Massey+, 2009)J/MNRAS/371/1405 : Variables in M33 (Hartman+, 2006)J/AJ/131/2478 : M31 and M33 UBVRI photometry (Massey+, 2006)J/AJ/121/870 : BVI photometry of Variables in M33 (Macri+, 2001)J/ApJ/501/153 : VRB photometry of red supergiants (Massey 1998)J/ApJS/89/85 : Blue and red supergiants in M33 (Ivanov+ 1993)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/750/97https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/750/97http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/750/97https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/750/97https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/750/97http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/750/97GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/750/97/red (Radial velocitiers of red stars and derived properties)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/750/97/red?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/750/97/red?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/750/97/red?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true22.949458330.61341670.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/750/97/yellow (Radial velocitiers of yellow stars and derived properties)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/750/97/yellow?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/750/97/yellow?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/750/97/yellow?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true22.942708330.31380560.0055555555555555566/2154 2155 2240 22418.650015785639275e-20 3.852589004194616e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/750/97?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/750/97/redRadial velocitiers of red stars and derived propertiesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintLGGSStar identification (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.id;meta.maincharprimaryVobs[-293/55] Observed radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatf_Vobs[d] Discrepent velocities (G1)meta.codecharr[12/52] Tonry and Davis r correlation parameterstat.fit.paramfloatVexp[-255/-105] Expected radial velocity (G4)km/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatVo-VeObserved minus expected radial velocitykm/sstat.fit.residualfloatVmag[15/20] V band magnitude (G2)magphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatB-V[0.5/2.3] The (B-V) color index (G2)magphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.VfloatfB[e] e: Star is moderately crowded in the B-bandmeta.idcharV-R[0.6/1.5] The (V-R) color index (G2)magphot.color;em.opt.V;em.opt.RfloatKmag[12/15]? 2MASS Ks band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.KfloatnullableRank[1/4] Source class rank (G3) (1/2 for likely/possible supergiant)meta.code.classint2MDisplay the 2MASS data (Cutri et al. 2003, Cat. II/246) within 1"meta.ref.urlcharlogTeff[3/4] Logarithm of effective temperaturelog(K)phys.temperature.effectivefloatnullablelogLum[4/7] Logarithm of luminositylog(solLum)phys.luminosityfloatnullableVar[,1-3] Known variability reference(s) (1)meta.bibcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPositions from LGGS names (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from LGGS names (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJ/750/97/yellowRadial velocitiers of yellow stars and derived propertiesB-V[0.01/1.4] The (B-V) color index (G2)magphot.color;em.opt.B;em.opt.VfloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintLGGSStar identification (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)meta.id;meta.maincharprimaryVobs[-310/71] Observed radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatf_Vobs[d] Discrepent velocities (G1)meta.codecharr[11/73] Tonry and Davis r correlation parameterstat.fit.paramfloatVexp[-264/-100] Expected radial velocity (G4)km/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloatVo-VeObserved minus expected radial velocitykm/sstat.fit.residualfloatVmag[12/19]? V band magnitude (G2)(1)magphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatnullableEWOI[0.9/3]? OI{lambda}7774 Equivalent Width in Angstroms ({AA})0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullableRank[ 1-4Cl] Source class rank (G3) (1/2 for likely/possible supergiant)meta.code.classcharlogTeff[3/4] Logarithm of effective temperaturelog(K)phys.temperature.effectivefloatnullablelogLum[4/7] Logarithm of luminositylog(solLum)phys.luminosityfloatnullableVar[,1-3] Known variability reference(s) (1)meta.bibcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPositions from LGGS names (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from LGGS names (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main