J/ApJ/740/106ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/740/106doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.17400106CDSSakari C.M.Venn K.A.Irwin M.Aoki W.Arimoto N.Dotter A.2017-06-01T08:52:48Z2013-04-10T11:22:21ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frglobular-star-clustersline-intensitiesgiant-starsradial-velocityspectroscopyDetailed chemical abundances for 21 elements are presented for four red giants in the anomalous outer halo globular cluster Palomar 1 (R_GC_=17.2kpc, Z=3.6kpc) using high-resolution (R=36000) spectra from the High Dispersion Spectrograph on the Subaru Telescope. Pal 1 has long been considered unusual because of its low surface brightness, sparse red giant branch, young age, and its possible association with two extragalactic streams of stars. This paper shows that its chemistry further confirms its unusual nature. The mean metallicity of the four stars, [Fe/H]=-0.60+/-0.01, is high for a globular cluster so far from the Galactic center, but is low for a typical open cluster. The [{alpha}/Fe] ratios, though in agreement with the Galactic stars within the 1{sigma} errors, agree best with the lower values in dwarf galaxies. No signs of the Na/O anticorrelation are detected in Pal 1, though Na appears to be marginally high in all four stars. Pal 1's neutron-capture elements are also unusual: its high [Ba/Y] ratio agrees best with dwarf galaxies, implying an excess of second-peak over first-peak s-process elements, while its [Eu/{alpha}] and [Ba/Eu] ratios show that Pal 1's contributions from the r-process must have differed in some way from normal Galactic stars. Therefore, Pal 1 is unusual chemically, as well in its other properties. Pal 1 shares some of its unusual abundance characteristics with the young clusters associated with the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy remnant and the intermediate-age LMC clusters, and could be chemically associated with the Canis Majoris overdensity; however, it does not seem to be similar to the Monoceros/Galactic Anticenter Stellar Stream.2011ApJ...740..106Shttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/740/106CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/hst : HST Archived Exposures Catalog (STScI, 2007)II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)I/259 : The Tycho-2 Catalogue (Hog+ 2000)VII/151 : Structure Parameters of Galactic Globular Clusters (Webbink 1985)J/A+A/525/A124 : Pal1-I elemental EWs and abundances (Monaco+, 2011)J/MNRAS/396/1075 : GCs in nearby dwarf galaxies. II (Georgiev+, 2009)J/A+A/450/105 : Properties of 153 Galactic globular clusters (Bica+, 2006)J/MNRAS/365/1357 : Absolute magnitude of GCs (Di Criscienzo+, 2006)J/A+A/359/347 : Reddening in open and globular clusters (Dutra+, 2000)J/A+AS/110/1 : CCD photometry of Pal 1 (Borissova+ 1995)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/740/106https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/740/106http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/740/106https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/740/106https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/740/106http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/740/106GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/740/106/targets (Target star observations and properties)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/740/106/targets?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/740/106/targets?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/740/106/targets?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true132.84511.8004720.0055555555555555566/3950 42988.650015785639275e-20 3.852589004194616e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/740/106?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/740/106/targetsTarget star observations and propertiesSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintStarStar designation (1)meta.id;meta.maincharRAJ2000Hour of right ascension (J2000) (1)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainVmagV-band magnitude (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatImagI-band magnitude (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.IfloatKsmag2MASS (Cat. II/246) Ks-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.IR.KfloatRefReference(s) (3)meta.ref;pos.framechar2MDisplay the 2MASS data (Cutri et al. 2003, Cat. II/246)meta.ref.urlcharDateFirst observation datetime.epoch;obsnullableDatesSecond and third days of observationtime.epochcharExpExposure timestime.duration;obs.exposureintS/N53? Signal to noise ratio per resolution element at 5310{AA}stat.snrintnullablef_S/N53[b] Flag on Pal 1-IV (4)meta.codecharS/N66? Signal to noise ratio per resolution element at 6616{AA}stat.snrintnullableHRVHeliocentric radial velocitykm/sspect.dopplerVeloc;pos.heliocentricfloate_HRVHRV uncertaintykm/sstat.errorfloatLblStar as labelled in table 3 (column added by CDS)meta.ref.urlcharJ/ApJ/740/106/table3The line listrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintlambdaSpectral line wavelength; in Angstroms0.1nmem.wl;spect.linefloatElElement and ionization statephys.atmol.element;phys.atmol.ionizationcharExPotExcitation PotentialeVphys.atmol.excitationfloatloggfLog of the oscillator strengthphys.atmol.oscStrengthfloatSunEW? Equivalent width in the Sun (m{AA})1e-13mspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullablef_SunEW[S] Spectrum Synthesis Flag on SunEWmeta.codefloatnullableM67141EW? Equivalent width in the M67-141 (m{AA})1e-13mspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullablef_M67141EW[S] Spectrum Synthesis Flag on M67141EWmeta.codefloatnullablePal1IEW? Equivalent width in the Pal 1-I (m{AA})1e-13mspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullablef_Pal1IEW[S] Spectrum Synthesis Flag on Pal1IEWmeta.codefloatnullablePal1IIEW? Equivalent width in the Pal 1-II (m{AA})1e-13mspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullablef_Pal1IIEW[S] Spectrum Synthesis Flag on Pal1IIEWmeta.codefloatnullablePal1IIIEW? Equivalent width in the Pal 1-III (m{AA})1e-13mspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullablef_Pal1IIIEW[S] Spectrum Synthesis Flag on Pal1IIIEWmeta.codefloatnullablePal1CEW? Equivalent width in the Pal 1-C (m{AA})1e-13mspect.line.eqWidthfloatnullablef_Pal1CEW[S] Spectrum Synthesis Flag on Pal1CEWmeta.codefloatnullable