J/ApJ/736/L25ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/736/L25doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.17369025CDSKaltenegger L.Sasselov D.2017-12-22T05:33:09Z2013-02-05T14:59:36ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frsolar-system-planetseffective-temperaturestellar-radiiThis Letter outlines a simple approach to evaluate habitability of terrestrial planets by assuming different types of planetary atmospheres and using corresponding model calculations. Our approach can be applied for current and future candidates provided by the Kepler mission and other searches. The resulting uncertainties and changes in the number of planetary candidates in the habitability zone (HZ) for the Kepler 2011 February data release are discussed. To first order, the HZ depends on the effective stellar flux distribution in wavelength and time, the planet albedo, and greenhouse gas effects. We provide a simple set of parameters which can be used for evaluating future planet candidates from transit searches.2011ApJ...736L..25Khttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/736/L25CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toV/133 : Kepler Input Catalog (Kepler Mission Team, 2009)J/other/Nat/486.375 : Stellar parameters of KOI stars (Buchhave+, 2012)J/ApJ/736/19 : Kepler planetary candidates. II. (Borucki+, 2011)J/ApJ/728/117 : Kepler planetary candidates. I. (Borucki+, 2011)J/ApJS/197/8 : Kepler's candidate multiple transiting planets (Lissauer+,J/A+A/536/L9 : Detections of transit variations in KOI 806 (Tingley+, 2011)J/ApJ/716/1336 : Stability analysis of single-planet (Kopparapu+, 2010)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/736/L25https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/736/L25http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/736/L25https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/736/L25https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/736/L25http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/736/L25GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/736/L25/table2 (The two inner limits and outer limit of the HZ for Kepler planetary candidates in the HZ of their stars for a 0%, 50% and 100% clouds)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/736/L25/table2?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/736/L25/table2?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/736/L25/table2?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true295.434329244.53111940.005555555555555556Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/736/L25/table1 (Characteristics of the potentially rocky habitable Kepler planetary candidates (KOI, Rpl, Period, Teff, Rstar, Teq) for 0%, 50%, and 100% clouds)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/736/L25/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/736/L25/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/736/L25/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true286.408329237.42676110.0055555555555555565/3689 3691 6/14578 14579 14581 14583 14584 14586 14591 14730 14744 14746 14755 14761 14762 14769 14770 14776 14782 14824 14825 14826 14830 14914 14921 14923 14929 14932 14933 14935 14937 14939 14942 14944 14950 14954 14956 14960 14964 14965 14969 14971 15110 15111 15113 15116 15118 15119 15120 15131 15132 15137 15138 15140 15141 15146 15147 15148 15150 15157 15158 15161 15168 15174 15178https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/736/L25?format=asciidefaultJ/ApJ/736/L25/table2The two inner limits and outer limit of the HZ for Kepler planetary candidates in the HZ of their stars for a 0%, 50% and 100% cloudsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKICKIC host identification numbermeta.id.parentintKOI[51.01/1596.02] Kepler identification number (1)meta.id;meta.mainfloatRpl[0.9/204.8] Planetary candidate radius; Earth radiiphys.size.radiusfloata[0.05/2.235] Planetary candidate orbital distanceAUpos.distancefloatTeff[1644/6293] Stellar effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintRstar[0.27/6.16] Stellar radiussolRadphys.size.radiusfloatHZia0Inner HZ limit for H_2_0 loss and 0% cloudsAUpos.distancefloatHZib0Inner HZ limit for greenhouse onset and 0% cloudsAUpos.distancefloatHZo0[0.17/3.91] Outer HZ limit for 0% cloudsAUpos.distancefloatHZia50Inner HZ limit for H_2_0 loss and 50% cloudsAUpos.distancefloatHZib50Inner HZ limit for greenhouse onset and 50% cloudsAUpos.distancefloatHZo50[0.19/4.52] Outer HZ limit for 50% cloudsAUpos.distancefloatHZia100Inner HZ limit for H_2_0 loss and 100% cloudsAUpos.distancefloatHZib100Inner HZ limit for greenhouse onset and 100% cloudsAUpos.distancefloatHZo100[0.23/5.49] Outer HZ limit for 100% cloudsAUpos.distancefloatSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharB11Display the data from Borucki et al. 2011, Cat. J/ApJ/728/117 and J/ApJ/736/19meta.ref.urlchar_RAPositions from Borucki et al. 2011, Cat. J/ApJ/736/19, table 2 or 4 (where positions come from the KIC (Cat. V/133) catalog) (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from Borucki et al. 2011, Cat. J/ApJ/736/19, table 2 or 4 (where positions come from the KIC (Cat. V/133) catalog) (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/ApJ/736/L25/table1Characteristics of the potentially rocky habitable Kepler planetary candidates (KOI, Rpl, Period, Teff, Rstar, Teq) for 0%, 50%, and 100% cloudsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintKICKIC host identification numbermeta.id.parentintKOI[70.03/1591.01] Kepler identification numbermeta.id;meta.mainfloatprimaryHZSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharRpl[0.9/2] Planetary candidate radius; Earth radii(6.3781x10+6m)phys.size.radiusfloata[0.05/0.46] Planetary candidate orbital distanceAUpos.distancefloatTeff[3240/5801] Stellar effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveintRstar[0.27/0.9] Stellar radiussolRadphys.size.radiusfloatT.Kp[243/454] Kepler equilibrium temperature (T_eq_)Kphys.temperatureintT.WL0[256/471] T_eq_ for water loss and 0% cloudsKphys.temperatureintT.WL50T_eq_ for water loss and 50% cloudsKphys.temperatureintT.WL100T_eq_ for water loss and 100% cloudsKphys.temperatureintT.R0T_eq_ for runaway greenhouse conditions and 0% cloudsKphys.temperatureintT.R50T_eq_ for runaway greenhouse conditions and 50% cloudsKphys.temperatureintT.R100T_eq_ for runaway greenhouse conditions and 100% cloudsKphys.temperatureintSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharB11Display the data from Borucki et al. 2011, Cat. J/ApJ/728/117 and J/ApJ/736/19meta.ref.urlchar_RAPositions from Borucki et al. 2011, Cat. J/ApJ/736/19, table 2 or 4 (where positions come from the KIC (Cat. V/133) catalog) (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from Borucki et al. 2011, Cat. J/ApJ/736/19, table 2 or 4 (where positions come from the KIC (Cat. V/133) catalog) (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main