J/ApJ/723/684ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/723/684doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.17230684CDSBlake C.H.Charbonneau D.White R.J.2017-06-12T08:25:02Z2012-08-10T11:55:11ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frlate-type-starsradial-velocityWe report the results of an infrared Doppler survey designed to detect brown dwarf and giant planetary companions to a magnitude-limited sample of ultracool dwarfs (UCDs). Using the NIRSPEC spectrograph on the Keck II telescope, we obtained approximately 600 radial velocity (RV) measurements over a period of six years of a sample of 59 late-M and L dwarfs spanning spectral types M8/L0 to L6. A subsample of 46 of our targets has been observed on three or more epochs. We rely on telluric CH_4_ absorption features in Earth's atmosphere as a simultaneous wavelength reference and exploit the rich set of CO absorption features found in the K-band spectra of cool stars and brown dwarfs to measure RVs and projected rotational velocities. For a bright, slowly rotating M dwarf standard we demonstrate an RV precision of 50m/s and for slowly rotating L dwarfs we achieve a typical RV precision of approximately 200m/s. This precision is sufficient for the detection of close-in giant planetary companions to mid-L dwarfs as well as more equal mass spectroscopic binary systems with small separations (a<2AU). Using a kinematic age estimate, we conclude that our UCDs have an age of 5.0^+0.7^_-0.6_Gyr, similar to that of nearby sun-like stars.2010ApJ...723..684Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/723/684CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)J/ApJS/197/19 : First brown dwarfs discovered by WISE (Kirkpatrick+, 2011)J/A+A/512/A37 : Velocities of 43 nearby L dwarfs (Seifahrt+, 2010)J/ApJ/710/1627 : Mid-IR photometry of cold brown dwarfs (Leggett+, 2010)J/MNRAS/404/1817 : 2MASS/SDSS data for 806 ultracool dwarfs (Zhang+, 2010)J/AJ/137/1 : PMs and astrometry of late-type dwarfs (Faherty+, 2009)J/A+A/493/L27 : Parallaxes of 10 ultracool subdwarfs (Schilbach+, 2009)J/A+A/505/L5 : Infrared radial velocities of vB10 (Zapatero+, 2009)J/A+A/505/859 : M dwarfs radial velocities (Zechmeister+, 2009)J/ApJ/705/1416 : M7-M9.5 dwarfs <20pc (Reiners+, 2009)J/ApJ/688/362 : Brown dwarfs in {sigma} Ori cluster (Luhman+, 2008)J/AJ/136/1290 : Ultracool dwarfs from the 2MASS (Reid+, 2008)J/MNRAS/382/515 : SDSS ultracool and halo WD candidates (Vidrih+, 2007)J/AJ/133/2258 : Activity and kinematics of ultracool dwarfs (Schmidt+, 2007)J/AJ/132/663 : Differential Velocities of very low mass SBs (Basri+, 2006)J/AJ/132/891 : Binaries among nearby L dwarfs (Reid+, 2006)J/A+A/416/655 : Atomic lines in IR spectra for UCDs (Lyubchik+, 2004)J/AJ/126/1526 : IR photometry of ultracool dwarfs (Bouy+, 2003)J/AJ/126/2421 : 2MASS-Selected sample of ultracool dwarfs (Cruz+, 2003)J/AJ/126/2449 : Nearby ultracool dwarfs in galactic plane (Reid+, 2003)J/A+A/337/403 : Low-mass stars evolutionary models (Baraffe+ 1998)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/723/684https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/723/684http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/723/684https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/723/684https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/723/684http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/723/684GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/723/684/Ldwarfs (L dwarf sample properties)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/723/684/Ldwarfs?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/723/684/Ldwarfs?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/723/684/Ldwarfs?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true1.1451667-40.73494440.0055555555555555566/672 733 2044 2502 4775 5413 6328 6783 7033 7440 7533 7985 8127 8402 8794 9385 11292 11719 12466 15085 16361 17530 18683 19763 19857 20436 21209 22861 23010 23471 24566 24590 26282 26300 27019 27058 28006 30749 30883 31011 31268 31309 31871 32650 35499 35864 36418 36560 36821 36845 40332 40669 40738 40882 43475 43966 44807 48957 491397.952274030004205e-20 1.7798557115773645e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/723/684?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/ApJ/723/684/LdwarfsL dwarf sample propertiesSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharKmag[10.47/12.94] K-band magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.IR.Kfloatl_vsiniLimit flag on vsinimeta.code.error;phys.veloc.rotatcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryRAJ2000Hour of right ascension (J2000) (1)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Degree of declination (J2000) (1)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainJmagJ-band magnitude (1)magphot.mag;em.IR.JfloatSpTMK spectral type (1)(2)src.spTypecharf_Name[a] gravity assumed: logg=5.5 (3)meta.codecharNobs[2/16] Number of observationsmeta.numberintVCPlot of the velocities (when more than 2 measures)meta.ref.urlcharDelT[1/2249] Time span {Delta}T for RV observationsdtime.intervalintTeff[1600/2300] Effective temperature (3)Kphys.temperature.effectiveintvsini[9/69.88] Rotational velocitykm/sphys.veloc.rotatfloate_vsini[0.13/5]? vsini uncertainty (4)km/sstat.error;phys.veloc.rotatfloatnullableRVSystemic velocity (<RV>)km/sspect.dopplerVelocfloate_RV[0.05/0.47] RV uncertainty (4)km/sstat.errorfloatrmsRV rmskm/sstat.stdev;instr.det.noisefloatl_P(bin)Limit flag on P(bin)meta.code.errorcharP(bin)[0/1] Probability for binarity (5)stat.fit.goodnessfloatUvel? U velocity component (6)km/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.xfloatnullablee_Uvel? Uvel uncertaintykm/sstat.errorfloatnullableVvel? V velocity component (6)km/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.yfloatnullablee_Vvel? Vvel uncertaintykm/sstat.errorfloatnullableWvel? W velocity component (6)km/sphys.veloc;pos.cartesian.zfloatnullablee_Wvel? Wvel uncertaintykm/sstat.errorfloatnullableVtot? Total space velocity (6)km/sphys.velocfloatnullablee_Vtot? Vtot uncertaintykm/sstat.errorfloatnullableF09Link to dwarf properties in Faherty et al., 2009, Cat. J/AJ/137/1meta.ref.urlchar2MDisplay the 2MASS data (Cutri et al. 2003, Cat. II/246)meta.ref.urlcharJ/ApJ/723/684/table2Table of RV measurementsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintNameStar namemeta.id;meta.maincharHJD[2452713/2454964] Heliocentric Julian Datedtime.epochdoubleRV[-106.48/80.59] Radial velocitykm/sphys.veloc;pos.heliocentricfloate_RV[0.08/1.54] The 1{sigma} uncertainty in RVkm/sstat.errorfloat