J/ApJ/712/925ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/712/925doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.17120925CDSCieza L.A.Schreiber M.R.Romero G.A.Mora M.D.Merin B.Swift J.J.,Orellana M.Williams J.P.Harvey P.M.Evans N.J.2017-06-01T08:52:13Z2012-05-14T11:29:37ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.fraccretioninfrared-photometryvisible-astronomyspectroscopyyoung-stellar-objectsmillimeter-astronomysubmillimeter-astronomymultiple-starsWe have obtained millimeter-wavelength photometry, high-resolution optical spectroscopy, and adaptive optics near-infrared imaging for a sample of 26 Spitzer-selected transition circumstellar disks. All of our targets are located in the Ophiuchus molecular cloud (d~125pc) and have spectral energy distributions (SEDs) suggesting the presence of inner opacity holes. We use these ground-based data to estimate the disk mass, multiplicity, and accretion rate for each object in our sample in order to investigate the mechanisms potentially responsible for their inner holes. We find that transition disks are a heterogeneous group of objects, with disk masses ranging from <0.6 to 40M_JUP_ and accretion rates ranging from <10^-11^ to 10^-7^M_{sun}_/yr, but most tend to have much lower masses and accretion rates than "full disks" (i.e., disks without opacity holes). Eight of our targets have stellar companions: six of them are binaries and the other two are triple systems. In four cases, the stellar companions are close enough to suspect they are responsible for the inferred inner holes. We find that nine of our 26 targets have low disk mass (<2.5M_JUP_) and negligible accretion (<10^-11^M_{sun}_/yr), and are thus consistent with photoevaporating (or photoevaporated) disks. Four of these nine non-accreting objects have fractional disk luminosities <10^-3^ and could already be in a debris disk stage. Seventeen of our transition disks are accreting. Thirteen of these accreting objects are consistent with grain growth. The remaining four accreting objects have SEDs suggesting the presence of sharp inner holes, and thus are excellent candidates for harboring giant planets.2010ApJ...712..925Chttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/712/925CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toII/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)J/A+A/515/A75 : Low-mass population in {rho} Oph cloud (Alves de Oliveira+,J/A+A/519/A34 : YSOs in DROXO (Deep rho Oph XMM obs.) (Pillitteri+, 2010)J/ApJ/692/973 : Protostars in Perseus, Serpens and Ophiuchus (Enoch+, 2009)J/ApJ/703/1964 : Spectra of three nearby star-forming regions (Furlan+, 2009)J/ApJS/181/321 : Properties of Spitzer c2d dark clouds (Evans+, 2009)J/ApJ/683/822 : Star formation in Ophiuchus and Perseus II. (Jorgensen+, 2008)J/A+A/485/155 : HK photometry of rho Oph PMS stars (Alves de Oliveira+, 2008)J/ApJ/686/L115 : Masses of evolved disks in PMS stars (Cieza+, 2008)J/ApJ/671/1800 : SCUBA observations of {rho} Oph cloud (Andrews+, 2007)J/A+A/452/245 : Near-IR photometry of PMS stars in rho Oph (Natta+, 2006)J/A+A/429/963 : XMM-Newton observation of the rho Oph cloud (Ozawa+, 2005)J/ApJ/630/381 : Mid-IR imaging in {rho} Oph (Barsony+, 2005)J/AJ/130/1733 : Optical spectroscopy of {rho} Oph stars (Wilking+, 2005)J/PASJ/55/653 : Chandra X-ray flares in rho Ophiuchi (Imanishi+, 2003)J/ApJ/566/993 : rho Ophiuchus (Lynds 1688) cluster NICMOS imaging (Allen+,J/A+A/372/173 : ISOCAM observations of the rho Ophiuchi cloud (Bontemps+,http://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/data/SPITZER/C2D/ : Spitzer c2d home pagehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/712/925https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/712/925http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/712/925https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/712/925https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/712/925http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/712/925GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/712/925/tdisk (Properties of the transition disk sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/712/925/tdisk?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/712/925/tdisk?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/712/925/tdisk?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true245.32697-22.916080.0055555555555555566/42959 42966 42970 42971 42981 42982 42983 42989 42992 430002.4016587514425055e-21 1.7003137259100215e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/712/925?format=asciiInfraredRadiodefaultJ/ApJ/712/925/tdiskProperties of the transition disk sampleAltNameAlternative namemeta.idcharOTypeObject typesrc.classcharFmmThe (sub)millimeter flux (5)mJyphot.flux.density;em.radiofloatrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSeq[1/34] Running sequence numbermeta.id;meta.mainintSSTc2dObject Name from "Cores to Disks" catalog (JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS)meta.id;meta.maincharR1magFirst R mag from USNO-B1 catalogmagphot.mag;em.opt.RfloatR2magSecond R mag from USNO-B1 catalogmagphot.mag;em.opt.RfloatJmag2MASS J band magnitude (1)mJyphot.mag;em.IR.JdoubleHmag2MASS H band magnitude (1)mJyphot.mag;em.IR.HdoubleKsmag2MASS Ks band magnitude (1)mJyphot.mag;em.IR.KdoubleF3.6Spitzer/IRAC 3.6 micron band flux density (1)mJyphot.mag;em.IR.3-4umdoubleF4.5Spitzer/IRAC 4.5 micron band flux density (1)mJyphot.mag;em.IR.4-8umdoubleF5.8Spitzer/IRAC 5.8 micron band flux density (1)mJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.4-8umdoubleF8.0Spitzer/IRAC 8.0 micron band flux density (1)mJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.8-15umdoubleF24Spitzer/MIPS 24 micron band flux density (1)mJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.15-30umdoublel_F70The 5{sigma} limit flag on F70meta.code.errorcharF70Spitzer/MIPS 70 micron band flux density (2)mJyphot.flux.density;em.IR.30-60umdoubleUSNODisplay the USNO-B1.0 data (Monet et al. 2003, Cat. I/284)meta.ref.urlchar2MDisplay the 2MASS data (Cutri et al. 2003, Cat. II/246)meta.ref.urlcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.refcharRAJ2000Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainTelTelescope used to obtain spectrum (Clay, CFHT or Du Pont)instr.setupcharSpTMK spectral typesrc.spTypecharLiI? LiI equivalent width; in Angstroms (3)0.1nmspect.line.eqWidthcharCaII[Yes/No ]? Presence of CaII emissionmeta.codecharHalpha? H{alpha} velocity dispersion at 10% peak intensitykm/sspect.line.widthintnullablef_Halpha[-1/No] H{alpha} in emission (4)meta.codecharmmThe (sub)millimeter wavelengthmmem.wlfloatl_Fmm? Upper limit flag for Fmm (3{sigma})meta.code.errorchare_Fmm? The 1{sigma} uncertainty for FmmmJystat.errorfloatnullableSep? Companion separation (G1)arcsecpos.angDistancefloatnullablePA? Position angle of companiondegpos.posAngfloatnullablel_dK? Upper limit flag for dk (5{sigma})meta.code.errorchardK? Flux ratio of companion in the Ks bandmagphot.mag;arith.difffloatnullablel_accRate? Upper limit flag for AccRatemeta.code.errorcharaccRate? Accretion Rate (log scale)log(solMass.yr**-1)phys.mass.lossfloatnullablel_Mdisk? Upper limit flag for DiskMassmeta.code.errorcharMdisk? Disk Mass (6)(1.898187x10+27kg)phys.massfloatnullablerProj? Projected separation (G1)AUpos.angDistancefloatnullablelam(to){lambda}_turnoff_ parameter (7)umstat.fit.paramfloatalphaE{alpha}_excess_ parameter (7)stat.fit.paramfloatl_log(Ld/L*)? Upper limit flag for log(Ld/L*)meta.code.errorcharlog(Ld/L*)Fractional disk luminosity (log scale)phys.luminosity;arith.ratiocharAJExtinction in the J-bandmagphys.absorption;em.IR.Jfloat