J/ApJ/702/489ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/702/489doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.17020489CDSRykoff E.S.Aharonian F.Akerlof C.W.Ashley M.C.B.Barthelmy S.D.,Flewelling H.A.Gehrels N.Gogus E.Guver T.Kiziloglu U.Krimm H.A.,McKay T.A.Ozel M.Phillips A.Quimby R.M.Rowell G.Rujopakarn W.,Schaefer B.E.Smith D.A.Vestrand W.T.Wheeler J.C.Wren J.Yuan F.,Yost S.A.2017-11-29T11:48:31Z2011-10-24T14:42:14ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frgamma-ray-astronomyapparent-magnitudeWe report on a complete set of early optical afterglows of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) obtained with the Robotic Optical Transient Search Experiment (ROTSE-III) telescope network from 2005 March through 2007 June. This set is comprised of 12 afterglows with early optical and Swift/X-Ray Telescope observations, with a median ROTSE-III response time of 45s after the start of {gamma}-ray emission (8s after the GCN notice time). These afterglows span 4 orders of magnitude in optical luminosity, and the contemporaneous X-ray detections allow multi-wavelength spectral analysis. Excluding X-ray flares, the broadband synchrotron spectra show that the optical and X-ray emission originate in a common region, consistent with predictions of the external forward shock in the fireball model. However, the fireball model is inadequate to predict the temporal decay indices of the early afterglows, even after accounting for possible long-duration continuous energy injection. We find that the optical afterglow is a clean tracer of the forward shock, and we use the peak time of the forward shock to estimate the initial bulk Lorentz factor of the GRB outflow, and find 100<~{Gamma}_0_<~1000, consistent with expectations.2009ApJ...702..489Rhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/702/489CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toJ/ApJ/693/1484 : Early optical afterglow catalog (Cenko+, 2009)J/ApJ/690/163 : The first Swift UV-Opt GRB afterglow catalog (Roming+, 2009)J/ApJ/701/824 : Afterglows of short and long-duration GRBs (Nysewander+, 2009)J/ApJS/175/179 : The BAT1 gamma-ray burst catalog (Sakamoto+, 2008)J/ApJ/686/1209 : Optical properties of GRB afterglows (Melandri+, 2008)J/ApJ/654/L25 : Light-curve data for GRB 050319 (Huang+, 2007)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/702/489https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/702/489http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/702/489https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/702/489https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/702/489http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/702/489GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/ApJ/702/489/table1 (Summary of GRBs and ROTSE-III responses)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/702/489/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/702/489/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/702/489/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true154.199583343.54847220.0055555555555555566/5726 13924 16078 16489 18978 23138 31494 32239 33735 38926 44021 49004https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/702/489?format=asciiGamma-raydefaultJ/ApJ/702/489/table1Summary of GRBs and ROTSE-III responsesLCROTSE light curvemeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGRBGRB identificationmeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryTrigThe Swift trigger numbermeta.idintT0t_0_ (UT): the onset of {gamma}-ray emission (1)time.epochcharf_T0[a] adjusted T0 (1)meta.codecharr_T0? GRB reference (see refs.dat file)meta.ref;pos.frameintnullableRAJ2000Optical afterglow hour of right ascension (J2000)pos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000Optical afterglow degree of declination (J2000)pos.eq.dec;meta.mainr_posReference(s) for position (see refs.dat file)meta.ref;pos.framecharT90? The burst BAT T_90_ duration in 15-350keV band from Sakamoto et al. (2008, Cat. J/ApJS/175/179)stime.durationfloatnullableXRT? XRT response: delay from trigger time to first XRT observationstime;arith.difffloatnullableTelROTSE telescope with the responseinstr.telcharROTSEDelay from trigger time to first ROTSE observationstime;arith.difffloatmag? Peak optical magnitudemagphot.mag;em.optfloatnullablez? Burst redshiftsrc.redshiftfloatnullableu_z[?e] Uncertainty flag on z (2)meta.code.error;src.redshiftcharr_zReference(s) of z (see refs.dat file)meta.ref;pos.framecharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDScharJ/ApJ/702/489/table2ROTSE-III C_R_ optical photometryrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGRBThe {Gamma}-ray Burst identificationmeta.id;meta.maincharTelTelescope used in observationinstr.setup;obscharTstStart of the observation (1)stime.epochfloatTendEnd of the observation (1)stime.end;obsfloatl_CRmagLimit flag on CRmagmeta.code.errorcharCRmagThe C_R_ magnitude (2)magphot.mag;em.opt.Rfloate_CRmag? Uncertainty in CRmagmagstat.error;phot.magfloatnullablel_FOptLimit flag on FOptmeta.code.errorcharFOptOptical flux density at 1.93eV (3)mJyphot.flux.density;em.optdoublee_FOpt? Uncertainty in FOptmJystat.errorfloatnullableFXray? X-ray flux density at 2.77keV (4)mJyphot.flux;em.X-raydoublenullablee_FXray? Uncertainty in FXraymJystat.errordoublenullableJ/ApJ/702/489/refsReferencesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRefReference numbermeta.id;meta.mainintBibCodeBibcodemeta.bib.bibcodecharAutAuthor(s) name(s)meta.bib.authorchar