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<ri:Resource created="2005-04-30T13:48:01Z" status="active" updated="2025-05-19T09:50:00Z" version="1.2" xmlns:cs="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/ConeSearch/v1.0" xmlns:ri="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/RegistryInterface/v1.0" xmlns:vr="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VOResource/v1.0" xmlns:vs="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VODataService/v1.1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.ivoa.net/xml/ConeSearch/v1.0 http://vo.ari.uni-heidelberg.de/docs/schemata/ConeSearch.xsd http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VOResource/v1.0 http://vo.ari.uni-heidelberg.de/docs/schemata/VOResource.xsd http://www.ivoa.net/xml/VODataService/v1.1 http://vo.ari.uni-heidelberg.de/docs/schemata/VODataService.xsd" xsi:type="vs:CatalogService"><title>Optical depths in 19 QSOs</title><shortName>J/ApJ/596/768</shortName><identifier>ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/596/768</identifier><altIdentifier>doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.15960768</altIdentifier><curation><publisher ivo-id="ivo://CDS">CDS</publisher><creator><name>Schaye J.</name></creator><creator><name>Aguirre A.</name></creator><creator><name>Kim T.-S.</name></creator><creator><name>Theuns T.</name></creator><creator><name>Rauch M.</name></creator><creator><name>Sargent W.L.W.</name></creator><date role="Updated">2017-09-22T16:16:20Z</date><date role="Created">2005-04-30T13:48:01Z</date><contact><name>CDS support team</name><address>CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France</address><email>cds-question@unistra.fr</email></contact></curation><content><subject>quasars</subject><subject>redshifted</subject><subject>spectroscopy</subject><subject>ultraviolet-astronomy</subject><description>We measure the distribution of carbon in the intergalactic medium as a function of redshift z and overdensity {delta}. Using a hydrodynamical simulation to link the H I absorption to the density and temperature of the absorbing gas, and a model for the UV background radiation, we convert ratios of C IV to H I pixel optical depths into carbon abundances. For the median metallicity this technique was described and tested in Paper I (Aguirre et al., 2002ApJ...576....1A) of this series. Here we generalize it to reconstruct the full probability distribution of the carbon abundance and apply it to 19 high-quality quasar absorption spectra.</description><source format="bibcode">2003ApJ...596..768S</source><referenceURL>https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/ApJ/596/768</referenceURL><type>Catalog</type><contentLevel>Research</contentLevel><relationship><relationshipType>IsServedBy</relationshipType><relatedResource ivo-id="ivo://CDS.VizieR/TAP">TAP VizieR generic service</relatedResource></relationship><relationship><relationshipType>IsServedBy</relationshipType><relatedResource>Conesearch service</relatedResource></relationship></content><rights>https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.html</rights><capability><interface xsi:type="vr:WebBrowser"><accessURL use="full">https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/596/768</accessURL><mirrorURL title="VizieR at IUCAA: Pune, India">https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/596/768</mirrorURL><mirrorURL title="VizieR at SAAO: SAAO, South Africa">http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/ApJ/596/768</mirrorURL></interface></capability><capability><interface xsi:type="vs:ParamHTTP"><accessURL use="base">https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/596/768</accessURL><mirrorURL title="VizieR at IUCAA: Pune, India">https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/596/768</mirrorURL><mirrorURL title="VizieR at SAAO: SAAO, South Africa">http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/ApJ/596/768</mirrorURL><queryType>GET</queryType><resultType>text/xml+votable</resultType></interface></capability><capability standardID="ivo://ivoa.net/std/TAP#aux"><interface xsi:type="vs:ParamHTTP" role="std"><accessURL use="base">https://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tap</accessURL></interface></capability><capability xsi:type="cs:ConeSearch" standardID="ivo://ivoa.net/std/ConeSearch"><description>Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/596/768/table1 (Observed quasars)</description><interface xsi:type="vs:ParamHTTP" role="std"><accessURL use="base">https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/596/768/table1?</accessURL><mirrorURL title="VizieR at IUCAA: Pune, India">https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/596/768/table1?</mirrorURL><mirrorURL title="VizieR at SAAO: SAAO, South Africa">http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/ApJ/596/768/table1?</mirrorURL><queryType>GET</queryType><resultType>text/xml+votable</resultType></interface><maxSR>180.0</maxSR><maxRecords>50000</maxRecords><verbosity>true</verbosity><testQuery><ra>165.855375</ra><dec>-26.754361</dec><sr>0.005555555555555556</sr></testQuery></capability><coverage><spatial>6/5563 5610 8912 11498 16656 18642 25120 25285 34485 34570 35496 35595 35627 36130 43903 45526 46418 47007 48610</spatial><footprint ivo-id="ivo://ivoa.net/std/moc">https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/ApJ/596/768?format=ascii</footprint><waveband>UV</waveband><waveband>Optical</waveband></coverage><tableset><schema><name>default</name><table><name>J/ApJ/596/768/table1</name><description>Observed quasars</description><column><name>Lambdamin</name><description>Minimum wavelength</description><unit>0.1nm</unit><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>recno</name><description>Record number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">int</dataType></column><column><name>Name</name><description>QSO name</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="12*">char</dataType><flag>primary</flag></column><column><name>zem</name><description>Emission redshift</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>zmin</name><description>Minimum absorption redshift</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>zmed</name><description>Median absorption redshift</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>zmax</name><description>Maximum absorption redshift</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>Inst</name><description>Instrument (UVER or HIRES)</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="5*">char</dataType></column><column><name>Ref</name><description>References (1)</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="3*">char</dataType></column><column><name>SimbadName</name><description>Simbad column added by the CDS</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="13*">char</dataType></column><column><name>NED</name><description>Simbad column added by the CDS</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="*">char</dataType></column><column><name>_RA</name><description>Computed Right Ascension for Equinox: J2000</description><unit>deg</unit><ucd>pos.eq.ra;meta.main</ucd></column><column><name>_DE</name><description>Computed Declination for Equinox: J2000</description><unit>deg</unit><ucd>pos.eq.dec;meta.main</ucd></column></table><table><name>J/ApJ/596/768/table4</name><description>Recovered CIV optical depths</description><column><name>recno</name><description>Record number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">int</dataType></column><column><name>Name</name><description>QSO name</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="12*">char</dataType></column><column><name>logtauHI</name><description>Recovered HI (1216) optical depth (1)</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType></column><column><name>logtauCIV-0.5</name><description>? 30.85th percentile of the recovered CIV (1548) optical depth</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>n_logtauCIV-0.5</name><description>[-] Note (2)</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="1*">char</dataType></column><column><name>e_logtauCIV-0.5</name><description>? 1{sigma} error in logtauCIV,-0.5</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>logtauCIV</name><description>? 50th percentile of the recovered CIV (1548) optical depth</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>n_logtauCIV</name><description>[-] Note (2)</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="1*">char</dataType></column><column><name>e_logtauCIV</name><description>? 1{sigma} error in logtauCIV</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>logtauCIV+0.5</name><description>? 69.15th percentile of the recovered CIV (1548) optical depth</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>n_logtauCIV+0.5</name><description>[-] Note (2)</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="1*">char</dataType></column><column><name>e_logtauCIV+0.5</name><description>? 1{sigma} error in logtauCIV,+0.5</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>logtauCIV+1.0</name><description>? 84.13th percentile of the recovered CIV (1548) optical depth</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>n_logtauCIV+1.0</name><description>[-] Note (2)</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="1*">char</dataType></column><column><name>e_logtauCIV+1.0</name><description>? 1{sigma} error in logtauCIV,+1.0</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>logtauCIV+1.5</name><description>? 93.32th percentile of the recovered CIV (1548) optical depth</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>n_logtauCIV+1.5</name><description>[-] Note (2)</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="1*">char</dataType></column><column><name>e_logtauCIV+1.5</name><description>? 1{sigma} error in logtauCIV,+1.5</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>logtauCIV+2.0</name><description>? 97.73th percentile of the recovered CIV (1548) optical depth</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column><column><name>n_logtauCIV+2.0</name><description>[-] Note (2)</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType" arraysize="1*">char</dataType></column><column><name>e_logtauCIV+2.0</name><description>? 1{sigma} error in logtauCIV,+2.0</description><dataType xsi:type="vs:VOTableType">float</dataType><flag>nullable</flag></column></table><table><name>J/ApJ/596/768/table5</name><description>Observed effective optical depth</description><column><name>recno</name><description>Record number assigned by the VizieR team. 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