J/AN/331/474ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AN/331/474doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.113310474CDSFrebel A.2025-09-29T20:17:47Z2016-08-30T14:44:24ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frchemically-peculiar-starschemical-abundancesThe abundance patterns of the most metal-poor stars in the Galactic halo and small dwarf galaxies provide us with a wealth of information about the early Universe. In particular, these old survivors allow us to study the nature of the first stars and supernovae, the relevant nucleosynthesis processes responsible for the formation and evolution of the elements, early star- and galaxy formation processes, as well as the assembly process of the stellar halo from dwarf galaxies a long time ago. This review presents the current state of the field of "stellar archaeology" -- the diverse use of metal-poor stars to explore the high-redshift Universe and its constituents. In particular, the conditions for early star formation are discussed, how these ultimately led to a chemical evolution, and what the role of the most iron-poor stars is for learning about Population III supernovae yields. Rapid neutron-capture signatures found in metal-poor stars can be used to obtain stellar ages, but also to constrain this complex nucleosynthesis process with observational measurements. Moreover, chemical abundances of extremely metal-poor stars in different types of dwarf galaxies can be used to infer details on the formation scenario of the halo and the role of dwarf galaxies as Galactic building blocks. I conclude with an outlook as to where this field may be heading within the next decade. A table of ~1000 metal-poor stars and their abundances as collected from the literature is provided in electronic format.2010AN....331..474Fhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AN/331/474CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-tohttp://space.mit.edu/home/afrebel/abundances/abund.html : Home page ofhttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AN/331/474https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AN/331/474http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AN/331/474https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AN/331/474https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AN/331/474http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AN/331/474GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AN/331/474/stars (Vetted table with one entry for each star)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AN/331/474/stars?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AN/331/474/stars?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AN/331/474/stars?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true328.124653928.79354060.0055555555555555566/51 146 200 215 232 373 382 798 944 1235 1556 1642 1810 1850 2061 2133 2426 2921 2923 2997 3712 4184 4376 4526 4714 4776 4854 5012 5195 5246 5406 5438 5589 5621 5638 5723 5775 5835 6051 6058 6100 6159 6226 6256 6453 6792 6972 7141 7251 7334 7416-7417 7456 7710 7767 8093 8197 8200 8205 8210 8215 8221 8228 8232 8244 8258 8264 8266 8296 8314 8328 8354 8367 8744-8745 8766 8779 8864 8866 8873 8917 8930 8999 9004 9065 9140 9537 9831 9912 10149 10173 10182-10183 10196 10209 10249 10285 10340 10368 10425 10430 10453 10476 10886 10921 11177 11197 11302 11543 11691 12164 12424 12451 12621 12645 12704 12750 12793 13020 13028 13075 13474 13586 14151 14204 14358 14385 14534 14679 14693 14881 14901 16115 16400 16409 16415 16423 16435 16462 16503 16519 16522 16540 16549 16564-16565 16569 16572 16582 16587 16603 16641 16651 16654 16659 16664 16666 16670 16679-16680 16698 16716 16726 16736 16773 16776 16795 16797-16798 16814-16815 16821 16854 16865 16880 16887 16893 16911-16912 16935 16984 16988 17021 17036 17056 17062 17099 17101 17124 17136 17170 17174 17190-17191 17197 17199 17218 17221 17233-17234 17245 17280-17281 17326-17327 17332 17343 17357 17380 17392 17420 17448 17483 17497 17512 17528 17537 17543 17545 17549 17566 17578 17590 17598 17623 17625 17642 17664 17679 17726 17757 17788 17850 17879 17884 17936 17994 18089 18123 18226 18425 18452 18465 18467 18503 18553 18560-18561 18564 18579-18580 18606 18622 18634 18636-18637 18648 18653 18656 18663 18683 18707-18708 18718-18719 18780 18782 18797 18827 18883 18887 18903 18942 18972-18973 18990 19017 19055 19070 19076 19094 19129 19136 19179 19209-19211 19304 19385 19478 19485 19566 19602 19901 19903 19968 20278 20390 20772 20862 21073 21082 21089 21096 21188 21195 21198 21230 21269 21901 21920 22048 22071 22118 22205 22518 22527 22558 22600 22635 22650 22662 22685 23011 23061 23079 23096 23118 23192 23207 23225 23235 23240 23344 23428 23527 23724 23856 24329 24683 24827 24853 24887 24905 24918 24942 24975 24991 24994-24995 24999 25030 25050-25051 25116 25197 25299 25326 25331 25385 25444 25469-25470 25482 25511 25527 25551 25554 25569 25574 25595 25607 25639 25641 25677-25678 25719 25723 25733 25753 25782 25785-25787 25805 25811 25813 25819-25820 25841 25887 25891 25948 25950 25956 25959 25963 25993 26005 26025 26030 26044 26057 26109 26111 26152 26176 26186 26198 26208 26210 26214 26220 26232 26241-26242 26246 26251 26284 26289 26292 26296 26344 26347 26366 26380 26415 26455 26457 26462 26534 26576-26577 26594 26608 26611 26658 26933 26944 26961 26980 26994-26995 27021 27024 27030 27048 27075 27091 27142 27176 27182 27206-27207 27219 27255 27330 27560 27580 27709 27763 27767 27796 27898 27946 27969 27975 27989 28054 28097 28136 28336 28459 28540 28594 28664 28915 28966 29490 29548 29765 29769 29915 29958 30041 30051 30233 30296 30577 30709 30831 30891 30929 30939 30949 30963 30965 31048 31094 31136 31238 31240 31270 31273 31306 31366 31368 31370 31377 31394-31395 31427 31447 31451-31452 31503 31585 31592 31595 31608 31683 31692 31757 31874 32034 32302 32343 32352 32468 32473 32684 33018 33058 33131 33260 33273 33470-33471 33515 33526 33571 33596 33625 33642 33653 33695 33708 33781 33831 33851 33891 33989 34008 34012 34019 34037 34046 34069 34078 34095 34115 34122 34210 34222 34232 34246 34249 34344 34434 34438 34457 34461-34462 34498 34504 34507 34546 34574 34595 34600 34684 34708 34727 34751 34876 35009 35166 35186 35238-35239 35354 35365 35395 35443 35453 35477 35517 35521 35532 35549 35551 35561 35588 35652 35710 35717 35720 35731 35736 35768 35782 35784 35803 35825 35913 35969 36035 36084 36126 36135 36196 36221 36228 36289 36295 36356 36365 36375 36379 36410 36426 36461 36503 36628 36630 36670 36690 36704-36705 36737 36745 36776 36788-36789 36806 36837 36840 37232 37651 37831 37985 38152 38216 38566 38781 38868 38908 39030 39100 39679 39893 40133 40222 40259 40319 40337 40437 40567 40716 40924 40944 40959 41259 41460 41591 41721 42331 42618 43068 43280 43445 43774 43786 43923 43938 43945 44016 44208 44222-44223 44281 44501 44542 44575 44607 44617 44621 44642 44653-44654 44671 44771 44806 44816 44870 44890 44903 44909-44910 44917 44939 44990 45021 45023 45353 45401 45470 45484-45485 45494 45694 45788 45790 45796-45797 45801 45808 45818 45822 45825 45868 45881 46023 46053 46080 46108 46155 46462-46463 46486 46490 46492-46493 46506 46526 46548 46550 46565 46574 46580 46663 46665 46677 46679-46680 46691 46699 46704-46705 46724 46751 46787 46792 46796-46797 46813 46828 46848 46850-46851 46860 46902 46907 46909 46915 46958 47009 47012 47018 47021-47022 47040 47092 47147 47185 47192 47217 47344 47420 47429 47441 47459 47461 47519 47538 47556 47698 48134 48145 48160 48162 48173 48221 48234 48249 48286 48363 48400 48451 48484 48501 48508-48509 48514 48517 48526 48544 48555 48578 48591 48614 48625 48628 48636 48660-48661 48711 48719 48722 48731 48734 48736 48764 48766 48798 48824 48848 48862 48937 49078https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AN/331/474?format=asciidefaultJ/AN/331/474/starsVetted table with one entry for each starSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idcharSeqRunning numbermeta.id;meta.mainintrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSSequence number ("1" for vetted list)meta.idintNameStar namemeta.idcharSNameName as in Simbadmeta.idcharkeKey entry (1)meta.codechareps03? log{epsilon} for Liphys.abundfloatnullableeps06? log{epsilon} for Cphys.abundfloatnullableeps07? log{epsilon} for Nphys.abundfloatnullableeps08? log{epsilon} for Ophys.abundfloatnullableeps11? log{epsilon} for Naphys.abundfloatnullableeps12? log{epsilon} for Mgphys.abundfloatnullableeps13? log{epsilon} for Alphys.abundfloatnullableeps14? log{epsilon} for Siphys.abundfloatnullableeps20? log{epsilon} for Caphys.abundfloatnullableeps21? log{epsilon} for Scphys.abundfloatnullableeps22? log{epsilon} for Tiphys.abundfloatnullableeps11a? log{epsilon} for Naphys.abundfloatnullableeps12a? log{epsilon} for Mgphys.abundfloatnullableeps13a? log{epsilon} for Alphys.abundfloatnullableeps14a? log{epsilon} for Siphys.abundfloatnullableeps20a? log{epsilon} for Caphys.abundfloatnullableeps21a? log{epsilon} for Scphys.abundfloatnullableeps22a? log{epsilon} for Tiphys.abundfloatnullableeps23? log{epsilon} for Vphys.abundfloatnullableeps24? log{epsilon} for Crphys.abundfloatnullableeps25? log{epsilon} for Mnphys.abundfloatnullableeps26? log{epsilon} for Fephys.abundfloatnullableeps27? log{epsilon} for Cophys.abundfloatnullableeps28? log{epsilon} for Niphys.abundfloatnullableeps30? log{epsilon} for Znphys.abundfloatnullableeps31? log{epsilon} for Gaphys.abundfloatnullableeps32? log{epsilon} for Gephys.abundfloatnullableeps38? log{epsilon} for Srphys.abundfloatnullableeps39? log{epsilon} for Yphys.abundfloatnullableeps40? log{epsilon} for Zrphys.abundfloatnullableeps41? log{epsilon} for Nbphys.abundfloatnullableeps42? log{epsilon} for Mophys.abundfloatnullableeps44? log{epsilon} for Ruphys.abundfloatnullableeps45? log{epsilon} for Rhphys.abundfloatnullableeps46? log{epsilon} for Pdphys.abundfloatnullableeps47? log{epsilon} for Agphys.abundfloatnullableeps56? log{epsilon} for Baphys.abundfloatnullableeps57? log{epsilon} for Laphys.abundfloatnullableeps58? log{epsilon} for Cephys.abundfloatnullableeps59? log{epsilon} for Prphys.abundfloatnullableeps60? log{epsilon} for Ndphys.abundfloatnullableeps62? log{epsilon} for Smphys.abundfloatnullableeps63? log{epsilon} for Euphys.abundfloatnullableeps64? log{epsilon} for Gdphys.abundfloatnullableeps65? log{epsilon} for Tbphys.abundfloatnullableeps66? log{epsilon} for Dyphys.abundfloatnullableeps67? log{epsilon} for Hophys.abundfloatnullableeps68? log{epsilon} for Erphys.abundfloatnullableeps69? log{epsilon} for Tmphys.abundfloatnullableeps70? log{epsilon} for Ybphys.abundfloatnullableeps71? log{epsilon} for Luphys.abundfloatnullableeps72? log{epsilon} for Hfphys.abundfloatnullableeps76? log{epsilon} for Osphys.abundfloatnullableeps77? log{epsilon} for Irphys.abundfloatnullableeps78? log{epsilon} for Ptphys.abundfloatnullableeps79? log{epsilon} for Auphys.abundfloatnullableeps82? log{epsilon} for Pbphys.abundfloatnullableeps90? log{epsilon} for Thphys.abundfloatnullableeps92? log{epsilon} for Uphys.abundfloatnullable[Fe/H]Metallicityphys.abund.ZfloatRefReference, in ref.dat filemeta.ref;pos.frame;meta.filechar_RARight Ascension (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainnullable_DEDeclination (J2000) from SIMBAD (not part of the original data)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainnullableJ/AN/331/474/logepsAbundances collectedrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSSequence number ("1" for vetted list)meta.idintSeqRunning numbermeta.id;meta.mainintNameStar namemeta.idcharSNameName as in Simbadmeta.idcharkeKey entry (1)meta.codechareps03? log{epsilon} for Liphys.abundfloatnullableeps06? log{epsilon} for Cphys.abundfloatnullableeps07? log{epsilon} for Nphys.abundfloatnullableeps08? log{epsilon} for Ophys.abundfloatnullableeps11? log{epsilon} for Naphys.abundfloatnullableeps12? log{epsilon} for Mgphys.abundfloatnullableeps13? log{epsilon} for Alphys.abundfloatnullableeps14? log{epsilon} for Siphys.abundfloatnullableeps20? log{epsilon} for Caphys.abundfloatnullableeps21? log{epsilon} for Scphys.abundfloatnullableeps22? log{epsilon} for Tiphys.abundfloatnullableeps11a? log{epsilon} for Naphys.abundfloatnullableeps12a? log{epsilon} for Mgphys.abundfloatnullableeps13a? log{epsilon} for Alphys.abundfloatnullableeps14a? log{epsilon} for Siphys.abundfloatnullableeps20a? log{epsilon} for Caphys.abundfloatnullableeps21a? log{epsilon} for Scphys.abundfloatnullableeps22a? log{epsilon} for Tiphys.abundfloatnullableeps23? log{epsilon} for Vphys.abundfloatnullableeps24? log{epsilon} for Crphys.abundfloatnullableeps25? log{epsilon} for Mnphys.abundfloatnullableeps26? log{epsilon} for Fephys.abundfloatnullableeps27? log{epsilon} for Cophys.abundfloatnullableeps28? log{epsilon} for Niphys.abundfloatnullableeps30? log{epsilon} for Znphys.abundfloatnullableeps31? log{epsilon} for Gaphys.abundfloatnullableeps32? log{epsilon} for Gephys.abundfloatnullableeps38? log{epsilon} for Srphys.abundfloatnullableeps39? log{epsilon} for Yphys.abundfloatnullableeps40? log{epsilon} for Zrphys.abundfloatnullableeps41? log{epsilon} for Nbphys.abundfloatnullableeps42? log{epsilon} for Mophys.abundfloatnullableeps44? log{epsilon} for Ruphys.abundfloatnullableeps45? log{epsilon} for Rhphys.abundfloatnullableeps46? log{epsilon} for Pdphys.abundfloatnullableeps47? log{epsilon} for Agphys.abundfloatnullableeps56? log{epsilon} for Baphys.abundfloatnullableeps57? log{epsilon} for Laphys.abundfloatnullableeps58? log{epsilon} for Cephys.abundfloatnullableeps59? log{epsilon} for Prphys.abundfloatnullableeps60? log{epsilon} for Ndphys.abundfloatnullableeps62? log{epsilon} for Smphys.abundfloatnullableeps63? log{epsilon} for Euphys.abundfloatnullableeps64? log{epsilon} for Gdphys.abundfloatnullableeps65? log{epsilon} for Tbphys.abundfloatnullableeps66? log{epsilon} for Dyphys.abundfloatnullableeps67? log{epsilon} for Hophys.abundfloatnullableeps68? log{epsilon} for Erphys.abundfloatnullableeps69? log{epsilon} for Tmphys.abundfloatnullableeps70? log{epsilon} for Ybphys.abundfloatnullableeps71? log{epsilon} for Luphys.abundfloatnullableeps72? log{epsilon} for Hfphys.abundfloatnullableeps76? log{epsilon} for Osphys.abundfloatnullableeps77? log{epsilon} for Irphys.abundfloatnullableeps78? log{epsilon} for Ptphys.abundfloatnullableeps79? log{epsilon} for Auphys.abundfloatnullableeps82? log{epsilon} for Pbphys.abundfloatnullableeps90? log{epsilon} for Thphys.abundfloatnullableeps92? log{epsilon} for Uphys.abundfloatnullable[Fe/H]Metallicityphys.abund.ZfloatRefReference, in ref.dat filemeta.ref;pos.frame;meta.filecharJ/AN/331/474/alimitsUpper limits for abundancesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSSequence number ("1" only for vetted list)meta.idintSeqRunning numbermeta.id;meta.mainintRefReferencemeta.ref;pos.framecharNameStar namemeta.idcharSNameName as in Simbadmeta.idcharl03? limit on log{epsilon} for Liphys.abundfloatnullablel06? limit on log{epsilon} for Cphys.abundfloatnullablel07? limit on log{epsilon} for Nphys.abundfloatnullablel08? limit on log{epsilon} for Ophys.abundfloatnullablel11? limit on log{epsilon} for Naphys.abundfloatnullablel12? limit on log{epsilon} for Mgphys.abundfloatnullablel13? limit on log{epsilon} for Alphys.abundfloatnullablel14? limit on log{epsilon} for Siphys.abundfloatnullablel21? limit on log{epsilon} for Scphys.abundfloatnullablel22? limit on log{epsilon} for Tiphys.abundfloatnullablel23? limit on log{epsilon} for Vphys.abundfloatnullablel24? limit on log{epsilon} for Crphys.abundfloatnullablel25? limit on log{epsilon} for Mnphys.abundfloatnullablel27? limit on log{epsilon} for Cophys.abundfloatnullablel28? limit on log{epsilon} for Niphys.abundfloatnullablel30? limit on log{epsilon} for Znphys.abundfloatnullablel31? limit on log{epsilon} for Gaphys.abundfloatnullablel32? limit on log{epsilon} for Gephys.abundfloatnullablel38? limit on log{epsilon} for Srphys.abundfloatnullablel39? limit on log{epsilon} for Yphys.abundfloatnullablel40? limit on log{epsilon} for Zrphys.abundfloatnullablel42? limit on log{epsilon} for Mophys.abundfloatnullablel44? limit on log{epsilon} for Ruphys.abundfloatnullablel45? limit on log{epsilon} for Rhphys.abundfloatnullablel46? limit on log{epsilon} for Pdphys.abundfloatnullablel56? limit on log{epsilon} for Baphys.abundfloatnullablel57? limit on log{epsilon} for Laphys.abundfloatnullablel58? limit on log{epsilon} for Cephys.abundfloatnullablel59? limit on log{epsilon} for Prphys.abundfloatnullablel60? limit on log{epsilon} for Ndphys.abundfloatnullablel62? limit on log{epsilon} for Smphys.abundfloatnullablel63? limit on log{epsilon} for Euphys.abundfloatnullablel64? limit on log{epsilon} for Gdphys.abundfloatnullablel65? limit on log{epsilon} for Tbphys.abundfloatnullablel66? limit on log{epsilon} for Dyphys.abundfloatnullablel67? limit on log{epsilon} for Hophys.abundfloatnullablel68? limit on log{epsilon} for Erphys.abundfloatnullablel69? limit on log{epsilon} for Tmphys.abundfloatnullablel71? limit on log{epsilon} for Luphys.abundfloatnullablel72? limit on log{epsilon} for Hfphys.abundfloatnullablel76? limit on log{epsilon} for Osphys.abundfloatnullablel77? limit on log{epsilon} for Irphys.abundfloatnullablel78? limit on log{epsilon} for Ptphys.abundfloatnullablel79? limit on log{epsilon} for Auphys.abundfloatnullablel82? limit on log{epsilon} for Pbphys.abundfloatnullablel90? limit on log{epsilon} for Thphys.abundfloatnullablel92? limit on log{epsilon} for Uphys.abundfloatnullableJ/AN/331/474/refsReferencesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintRefReference codemeta.notecharBibCodeBibCodemeta.bib.bibcodecharAutAuthor's namemeta.bib.authorchar