J/AJ/170/147ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/170/147CDSPainter K.E.Bowler B.P.Franson K.Becker J.C.Burt J.A.2026-06-30T11:15:38Z2026-06-29T13:15:23ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frexoplanetsastrometryproper-motionsstellar-massesvisible-astronomymultiple-starsNASA's Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) will be the first space telescope capable of directly imaging Earth-like planets in the habitable zones (HZs) of Sun-like stars to probe their atmospheres for signs of life. Now in its early stages of design, a list of the 164 most promising targets for HWO has been released to the community to carry out precursor science. Massive companions in these systems-stars, brown dwarfs, or giant planets-could preclude the existence of Earth-sized planets in the HZ by impacting their long-term dynamical stability. Here, we use astrometry from Hipparcos and Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) to identify stars in the HWO preliminary target list that exhibit astrometric accelerations and determine joint constraints on the expected mass and separation of these companions. We find that 54 HWO targets have significant astrometric accelerations, 37 of which are accounted for by known giant planets and stellar companions. Follow-up efforts are required to clarify the specific nature of the suspected companions around the remaining 17 accelerating stars. Stars without significant accelerations are used to rule out large regions of companion mass and separation down to planetary masses. We find that with Hipparcos and Gaia EDR3 we are ~85% sensitive to 2M_Jup_ planets between 4 and 10AU. Future Gaia releases will provide sensitivity to sub-Jovian-mass planets on solar system scales for provisional HWO targets. Finally, using analytical estimates of dynamical stability, we find that 13 HWO targets have known stellar or planetary companions that are likely to disrupt HZ planets.2025AJ....170..147Phttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/170/147CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toB/wds : The Washington Visual Double Star Catalog (Mason+ 2001-)III/117 : MK Classifications of Close Visual Binaries (Corbally, 1984)III/150A : Perkins Revised MK Types for the Cooler Stars (Keenan+ 1989)II/215 : uvby-beta Catalogue (Hauck+ 1997)I/239 : The Hipparcos and Tycho Catalogues (ESA 1997)I/311 : Hipparcos, the New Reduction (van Leeuwen, 2007)I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)J/AJ/126/2048 : NStars project: the Northern Sample. I. (Gray+, 2003)J/A+A/410/1051 : ELODIE surv. for north. extra-solar planets. II. (Naef+, 2003)J/AJ/132/161 : NStars project: The southern sample. I. (Gray+, 2006)J/A+A/577/A128 : CARMENES input cat. of M dwarfs. I (Alonso-Floriano+, 2015)J/ApJ/809/8 : Terrestr. planet occurrence rates for KOI stars (Burke+, 2015)J/A+A/584/A72 : A transiting rocky planet at 6.5pc from Sun (Motalebi+ 2015)J/MNRAS/449/3160 : Stellar multiplicity and debris discs (Rodriguez+, 2015)J/ApJ/821/74 : 27yr of RV observations of HD 219134 (Johnson+, 2016)J/ApJS/224/36 : The AllWISE motion survey (AllWISE2) (Kirkpatrick+, 2016)J/AJ/152/8 : Impact of stellar multipl. on planetary syst. I. (Kraus+, 2016)J/AJ/153/208 : LCES HIRES/Keck radial velocity Exoplanet Survey (Butler+, 2017)J/A+A/619/L10 : pi Men radial velocity curves (Gandolfi+, 2018)J/A+A/623/A72 : Binar. of Hipparcos stars: Gaia pm anomaly (Kervella+, 2019)J/ApJ/871/63 : How to constrain your M dwarf. II. Nearby binaries (Mann+, 2019)J/AJ/157/33 : Radial velocity exploration of {epsilon} Eridani (Mawet+, 2019)J/AJ/158/13 : The first 300 stars observed by the GPIES (Nielsen+, 2019)J/ApJS/254/42 : Hipparcos-Gaia (EDR3) Catalog of Accelerations (Brandt, 2021)J/AJ/161/36 : 117 exoplanets in habitable zone with Kepler DR25 (Bryson+, 2021)J/AJ/161/134 : Survey of stellar & planetary comp. within 25pc (Hirsch+, 2021)J/AJ/162/181 : RV & Hipparcos positions of epsilon Eridani (Llop-sayson+, 2021)J/AJ/162/53 : Speckle interferometry at the USNO. XXIV. (Mason+, 2021)J/ApJS/255/8 : The California Legacy Survey. I. Planet cat. (Rosenthal+, 2021)J/AJ/161/144 : Inner & outer orbits in 13 mult. stars syst. (Tokovinin, 2021)J/AJ/163/288 : Absolute & relative astrom. for {epsilon} Indi B (Chen+, 2022)J/ApJS/262/21 : 3-D selection of 167 sub-stellar companions (Feng+, 2022)J/AJ/163/223 : Radial velocity study of {pi} Mensae (Hatzes+, 2022)J/AJ/163/218 : Radial velocity of Gliese 411 with APF and HIRES (Hurt+, 2022)J/A+A/657/A7 : Stellar & substellar companions from Gaia EDR3 (Kervella+, 2022)J/AJ/165/176 : Doppler constraints comp. to Sun-like stars (Laliotis+, 2023)J/A+A/672/A93 : AF Lep b spectrum (Mesa+, 2023)J/AJ/165/151 : List of Exoplanet Radial Velocity "green prime" (Newman+, 2023)J/ApJS/272/30 : Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO): 164 targets (Harada+, 2024)J/AJ/167/139 : HPIC catalog & potential contaminants from Gaia (Tuchow+, 2024)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/170/147https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/170/147http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/170/147https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/170/147https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/170/147http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/170/147GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/170/147/targets (List of targets (added by CDS))https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/170/147/targets?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/170/147/targets?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/170/147/targets?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true316.724748338.74941720.0055555555555555566/684 1341 1603 1875 2472 3020 3036 3102 3118 3639 3932 4438 4854 5009 5074 5304 5420 5522 5670 5836 5853 6066 6766 6926 6941 7595 7763 8109 8145 8476 8790 8985 9125 9403 9476 9835 10375 10812 10899 11403 11633 11806 12592 13301 14180 14278 14419 14459 15356 15962 16069 16412 17171 17425 17576 18139 19323 19585 19912 20328 21060 21177 21484 22040 22708 22818 23140 23190 23230 23369 23675 23974 24028 24160 24212 24713 24793 24924 25056 26975 27973 28605 28664 28696 29196 29239 29255 30576 30665 30878 30965 31433 31478 32757 32848 33211 33281 33340 33552 33717 33849 34446 34817 34896 34905 35064 35351 35948 36145 36365 36446 36664 36693 36697 36983 37408 37595 38064 38238 39284 39500 39744 40078 40242 40692 40932 41941 42248 42253 42285 42700 42760 43074 43639 44284 44557 45485 45535 45564 45668-45669 46113 46566 46640 46776 46925 46982 47101 47137 47589 48334 48355 48652https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/170/147?format=asciiOpticaldefaultJ/AJ/170/147/targetsList of targets (added by CDS)recnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintHIPHipparcos (I/311) identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharprimaryAcc?Star with astrometric acceleration? (1)meta.codecharPlotInteractive plot of companion mass vs separationmeta.ref.urlcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RAPositions from Simbad (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPositions from Simbad (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/AJ/170/147/table4Joint mass-separation constraints for stars with astrometric accelerationsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintHIPHipparcos (I/311) identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharSep[0.01/1000] Angular separation (rho)arcsecpos.angDistancedoubleM2-3sig[0/1.5] Companion mass at -3{sigma}solMassphys.mass;stat.error;meta.modelledfloatM2-2sig[0/1.5] Companion mass at -2{sigma}solMassphys.mass;stat.error;meta.modelledfloatM2-1sig[0/1.5] Companion mass at -1{sigma}solMassphys.mass;stat.error;meta.modelledfloatM2[0/1.5] Mean companion mass (mu)solMassphys.mass;stat.mean;meta.modelledfloatM2+1sig[0/1.5] Companion mass at +1{sigma}solMassphys.mass;stat.error;meta.modelledfloatM2+2sig[0/1.5] Companion mass at +2{sigma}solMassphys.mass;stat.error;meta.modelledfloatM2+3sig[0/1.5] Companion mass at +3{sigma}solMassphys.mass;stat.error;meta.modelledfloatJ/AJ/170/147/table5Upper limits for stars without astrometric accelerationsHIPHipparcos (I/311) identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintSep[0.01/1000] Angular separation (rho)arcsecpos.angDistancedoubleM2-1sig[0/1.44] Companion mass at 1{sigma}solMassphys.mass;stat.error;meta.modelledfloatM2-2sig[0/1.44] Companion mass at 2{sigma}solMassphys.mass;stat.error;meta.modelledfloatM2-3sig[0/1.44] Companion mass at 3{sigma}solMassphys.mass;stat.error;meta.modelledfloatM2-4sig[0.003/1.44] Companion mass at 4{sigma}solMassphys.mass;stat.error;meta.modelledfloatM2-5sig[0.032/1.44] Companion mass at 5{sigma}solMassphys.mass;stat.error;meta.modelledfloat