J/AJ/169/235ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/169/235doi:10.26093/cds/vizier/be-59-7bCDSVan Zandt J.Petigura E.A.Lubin J.Weiss L.M.Turtelboom E.V.,Fetherolf T.Murphy J.M.A.Crossfield I.J.M.Gilbert G.J.Mocnik T.,Batalha N.M.Dressing C.Fulton B.Howard A.W.Huber D.Isaacson H.,Kane S.R.Robertson P.Roy A.Angelo I.Behmard A.Beard C.,Chontos A.Dai F.Giacalone S.Hill M.L.Holcomb R.Howell S.B.,Mayo A.W.Pidhorodetska D.Polanski A.S.Rogers J.Rosenthal L.J.,Rubenzahl R.A.Scarsdale N.Tyler D.Yee S.W.Zink J.2026-07-02T11:51:57Z2026-01-23T14:30:55ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frexoplanetsradial-velocityvisible-astronomyspectroscopysurveysinfrared-sourcesWe present the results of the Distant Giants Survey, a 3yr radial velocity (RV) campaign to search for wide-separation giant planets orbiting Sun-like stars known to host an inner transiting planet. We defined a distant giant (DG) to have a=1-10AU and M_p_sin(i)=70-4000M_{Earth}_=0.2-12.5M_J_, and required transiting planets to have a<1AU and R_p_=1-4R_{Earth}_. We assembled our sample of 47 stars using a single selection function and observed each star at monthly intervals to obtain ~30RV observations per target. The final catalog includes a total of 12 distant companions: four giant planets detected during our survey, two previously known giant planets, and six objects of uncertain disposition identified through RV/astrometric accelerations. Statistically, half of the uncertain objects are planets and the remainder are stars/brown dwarfs. We calculated target-by-target completeness maps to account for missed planets. We found evidence for a moderate enhancement of DGs in the presence of close-in small planets (CSs), P(DG|CS)=31_-11_^+12^%, over the field rate of P(DG)=16_-2_^+2^%. No enhancement is disfavored (p~8%). In contrast to a previous study, we found no evidence that stellar metallicity raises the enhancement of P(DG|CS) over P(DG). We found evidence that DG companions preferentially accompany shorter-period CS planets and have lower eccentricities than randomly selected giant planets. This points toward a nuanced picture of dynamically cool formation in which giants interact with, but do not disrupt, their inner systems.2025AJ....169..235Vhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/169/235CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toIV/34 : K2 Ecliptic Plane Input Catalog (EPIC) (Huber+, 2017)IV/39 : TESS Input Catalog version 8.2 (TIC v8.2) (Paegert+, 2021)I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)J/ApJ/622/1102 : The planet-metallicity correlation. (Fischer+, 2005)J/ApJS/190/1 : A survey of stellar families (Raghavan+, 2010)J/AJ/142/19 : Speckle observations of KOI (Howell+, 2011)J/ApJS/208/9 : Intrinsic colors & temperatures of PMS stars (Pecaut+, 2013)J/ApJS/210/5 : The twenty-five year Lick planet search (Fischer+, 2014)J/ApJ/834/17 : Mass & radius of planets, moons, low mass stars (Chen+, 2017)J/ApJ/836/77 : A library of high-S/N optical spectra of FGKM stars (Yee+, 2017)J/AJ/155/89 : California-Kepler Survey (CKS). IV. Planets (Petigura+, 2018)J/AJ/157/52 : Radial velocity obs. in super-Earth systems (Bryan+, 2019)J/AJ/158/13 : The first 300 stars observed by the GPIES (Nielsen+, 2019)J/AJ/159/63 : New AO obs. of exoplan. & brown dwarf companions (Bowler+, 2020)J/ApJS/254/42 : Hipparcos-Gaia (EDR3) Cat. of Accelerations (Brandt, 2021)J/ApJS/254/39 : Exoplanet candidates from TESS first 2yr obs (Guerrero+, 2021)J/AJ/163/101 : TESS-Keck surv. IX. RVs of HD1919139 (Lubin+, 2022)J/A+A/667/A1 : HD93963 CHEOPS light curves (Serrano+, 2022)J/A+A/677/A33 : 38 Kepler and K2 systems RVs (Bonomo+, 2023)J/MNRAS/523/3069 : HIP 9618 light and radial velocity curves (Osborn+, 2023)J/AJ/165/60 : TESS-Keck Surv. XIV. 2 exoplanets from DGS (Van Zandt+, 2023)J/AJ/168/196 : HD 191939 exoplanet system radial velocities (Lubin+, 2024)J/ApJS/272/32 : TKS. XX. Exoplanet masses & orbit parameters (Polanski+, 2024)J/ApJS/270/8 : The KGPS. I. Kepler planet-host RVs from HIRES (Weiss+, 2024)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/169/235https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/169/235http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/169/235https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/169/235https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/169/235http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/169/235GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/169/235/tableb1 (*Properties of the 47 stars in the distant giants sample)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/169/235/tableb1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/169/235/tableb1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/169/235/tableb1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true32.82.40.0055555555555555566/671 2859 4047 5009 5184 5707 7108 7632 7791 7846 7934 9960 10185 10223 11031 11057 11187 11239 11577 11584 11618 11717 11724 11736 11772 11896 11905 11910 11925 11980 12056 12235 13644 13916 14278 15748 15862 15956 15973 16115 16162 16258 16268 16346 16367 17865 22351https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/169/235?format=asciiOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/169/235/tableb1*Properties of the 47 stars in the distant giants samplerecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTOI[465/2088] TESS Object Identifier of host starmeta.id;meta.mainintTKSTESS-Keck Survey identifier of host starmeta.idcharprimaryRAJ2000[14.1/354.7] Right ascension (J2000)degpos.eq.ra;meta.mainDEJ2000[2.4/86.9] Declination (J2000)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainVmag[5.6/11.9] V-band magnitudemagphot.mag;em.opt.VfloatTeff[4420/6049] Stellar effective temperatureKphys.temperature.effectiveint[Fe/H][-0.38/0.42] Stellar metallicity (1)phys.abund.ZfloatRp[1.2/9.2] Planetary radius of inner companion (1)solRadphys.size.radiusfloatPer[0.5/124.7] Orbital period of inner companion (1)dtime.periodfloatDG?Fully resolved giant planet signal? (yes or no)meta.codecharTrend?Long term RV trend? (yes or no)meta.codecharnRVNumber of radial velocity measurements (link to Table 1)meta.numberintnullableTKSXVLink to the Keck-TESS Survey. XV. catalog (J/AJ/166/33)meta.numberintnullableTKSXXLink to the Keck-TESS Survey. XX. catalog (J/ApJS/272/32)meta.numberintnullableRVRadial velocity curvemeta.ref.urlcharSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharJ/AJ/169/235/table1Distant giants radial velocitiesrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTKSTESS-Keck Survey identifier of host starmeta.idcharTOITESS Object Identifier of host starmeta.id;meta.maincharBJD[2459062/2460312] Barycentric Julian Datedtime.epochdoubleRVel[-95387/20097] Radial velocitym/sspect.dopplerVelocdoublee_RVel[0.77/100.76] Uncertainty in RVelm/sstat.error;spect.dopplerVelocdoubleInstInstrument used (1)instr.setupchar