J/AJ/169/234ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/169/234doi:10.26093/cds/vizier/be-59-7aCDSJordan D.Song I.2026-07-02T11:51:56Z2026-01-21T13:05:00ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frexoplanetsstellar-massesspectral-energy-distributionastronomical-modelsphotometryvisible-astronomyinfrared-astronomyultraviolet-astronomySeveral planet formation models have been proposed to explain the gap in the population of planets between 1.8R_{Earth}_ to 2.0R_{Earth}_ known as the "radius valley." To apply these models to confirmed exoplanets, accurate and precise host-star and planet parameters are required to ensure the observed measurements correctly match model predictions. Previous studies have emphasized the need for a larger, more precise sample to further confirm dominant formation processes. By enhancing standard spectral energy distribution fitting using Bayesian methods, we derived highly accurate and precise host-star and planet parameters. Specifically, we achieved median fractional uncertainties for stellar and planet radii of 2.4% and 3.4%, respectively. We then produced the largest, most precise sample to date of 1923 planets when compared to previous studies. This full sample, as well as a sample filtered for host stellar masses between 0.8 and 1.2M_{sun}_, were then used to derive the slope and position of the radius valley as a function of orbital period, insolation flux, and stellar mass to compare them to predictive models and previous observational results. Our results are consistent with thermally driven mass loss with a planet radius versus orbital period slope of R_p_=P**(-0.142_-0.006_^+0.006^) x e**(0.896_-0.010_^+0.012^) for the full sample, leaning toward core-powered mass loss. The planet radius versus insolation flux slope of R_p_=S_p_**(0.136_-0.014_^+0.014^)xe**(-0.085_-0.030_^+0.031^) for the filtered sample leaned toward photoevaporation. Also, the slope as a function of stellar mass for both samples appears more consistent with thermally driven processes when compared to models and previous studies.2025AJ....169..234Jhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/169/234CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toI/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)II/311 : WISE All-Sky Data Release (Cutri+ 2012)II/389 : The Pan-STARRS release 1 (PS1) Survey - DR2 (Magnier+, 2025)IV/39 : TESS Input Catalog version 8.2 (TIC v8.2) (Paegert+, 2021)V/154 : Sloan Digital Sky Surveys (SDSS), DR16 (Ahumada+, 2020)J/ApJS/204/24 : Kepler planetary candidates. III. (Batalha+, 2013)J/ApJS/211/2 : Revised stellar propert. of Q1-16 Kepler targets (Huber+, 2014)J/ApJS/217/31 : Kepler planetary candidates. VI. 4yr Q1-Q16 (Mullally+, 2015)J/MNRAS/452/2127 : Fundamental param. of Kepler stars (Silva Aguirre+, 2015)J/ApJS/224/12 : Kepler planetary candidates. VII. 48-month (Coughlin+, 2016)J/MNRAS/465/2634 : Kepler and K2 best candidates for planets (Armstrong+, 2017)J/AJ/154/109 : California-Kepler Surv. (CKS). III. Planet radii (Fulton+, 2017)J/AJ/154/107 : California-Kepler Survey (CKS). I. 1305 stars (Petigura+, 2017)J/ApJS/235/38 : Kepler planetary cand. VIII. DR25 reliability (Thompson+, 2018)J/AJ/156/264 : California-Kepler Survey. VII. Planet radius gap (Fulton+, 2018)J/ApJ/875/29 : Spectroscopic analysis of the CKS sample. I. (Martinez+, 2019)J/AJ/160/108 : Gaia-Kepler stellar properties cat. II. Planets (Berger+, 2020)J/AJ/159/211 : Exoplanets parameters from Kepler and K2 (Cloutier+, 2020)J/A+A/640/A25 : Metal-poor stars limb-darkening coeff. (Karovicova+, 2020)J/ApJ/890/23 : NUV and FUV measurements of planet host stars (Loyd+, 2020)J/A+A/658/A47 : Dwarf stars limb-darkening coefficients (Karovicova+, 2022)J/other/Sci/377.1211 : RV and LC of 8 M dwarf stars with planets (Luque+, 2022)J/AJ/163/179 : The California-Kepler Survey. X. (Petigura+, 2022)J/MNRAS/513/2719 : Stellar parameters study with SED fit algo (Vines+, 2022)J/A+A/682/A66 : TOI-732 TESS & CHEOPS detrended light curves (Bonfanti+, 2024)http://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu/index.html : NASA Exoplanet Archivehttps://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/169/234https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/169/234http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/169/234https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/169/234https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/169/234http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/169/234GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/169/234/table4 (List of the 1923 planets in final showing planetary and stellar parameters)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/169/234/table4?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/169/234/table4?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/169/234/table4?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true54.8198408-42.76255170.0055555555555555564/922-923 933-935 944-946 5/3645-3647 3704 3706 3730-3731 3789 3792 6/267 282 285 313 318 328 376 397 404 413 671 1032 1036 1052 1064 1920 3035 3732 3849 3900 4247 4268-4269 4273 4285 4296 4322 4332 4431 4629 4632 4673 4677 4687-4688 4696 4698 4700 4716 4720 4733 4816 4867 4875 4897 5186 5335 6217 7487 7605 8003 8762 9029 9373 9960 10066 10593 10598 11510 11577 11724 11918 11923 12195 13644 14278 14567 14573 14578-14579 14730-14731 14733-14735 14744 14750-14751 14792 14794-14795 14828 14830 14847 14896 14914-14915 14918-14919 15040-15041 15044 15057 15060-15062 15153-15155 15160 15172-15174 15178 15200 15232 15629 15748 15935 15973 16014 16092 16117 16258 16347 16472 16551 16847 17149 17331 17965 18022 18039 18132 18147 18163 18329 18338 18345 18350 18434 18451 18453 18459 18462 18473 18532 18536 18542 18565 18567 18569 18572 18574 18578 18585 18588 18628 18632 18726 18785 18799 18881 20667 21137 21270 21935 21986 22886 23531 23867 24223 24256 24340 24587 25312 25423 25428 25434 25446 25452 25454 25456 25463 25543 25548 25551 25554 25557 25562 25565 25585 25614 25624 25627 25673 25675 25725 25756 25795 25797 25810 26114 26124 26168 26170 26246 26253 26258 26274 26278 26292 26296-26297 26538 26768 26940 26944 26953 26961 26969 26977 26986 26992 27001 27025 27079 27083-27085 27121 27358 27393 27401 27422 27429 27443 27456 27681 27684 27690 27704 27777 27787 28400 29014 29349 31216 32319 32433 32730 32757 32811 32821 32833 32848 32918 33169 33210 33212 33386 33598 33898 33972 34423 34452 34718 34784 35057 35922 35985 36015 36614 36643 36772 37263 37317 37393 37435 37453 37532 37547-37548 38067 38315 38464 38480 38946 40220 40772 40833 40968 41941 42984 43437 43525 43580 43631 44272 44317 44333 44370 44463 44468 44471 44512 45161 45165 45304 45527 45553 46333 46462 46479 47125 47194 47488 47717 48098 48274https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/169/234?format=asciiUVOpticalInfrareddefaultJ/AJ/169/234/table4List of the 1923 planets in final showing planetary and stellar parametersrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintIDPlanet identifiermeta.id;meta.maincharPer[1/99.7] Planet orbital period (1)dtime.perioddoubleE_Per[0/0.33] Upper uncertainty on Per (1)dstat.error;stat.max;time.perioddoublee_Per[-0.33/0] Lower uncertainty on Per (1)dstat.error;stat.min;time.perioddoubleRp[1/4] Planet radius in Earth radii (2)(6.3781x10+6m)phys.size.radiusdoubleE_Rp[0.02/0.23] Upper uncertainty on Rp (2)(6.3781x10+6m)stat.error;stat.max;phys.size.radiusdoublee_Rp[-0.21/-0.02] Lower uncertainty on Rp (2)(6.3781x10+6m)stat.error;stat.min;phys.size.radiusdoubleSp[0.21/10171] Planet insolation flux in Earth units (3)Earthphot.flux;arith.ratiodoubleE_Sp[0.007/855.6] Upper uncertainty on Sp (3)Earthstat.error;stat.max;phot.fluxdoublee_Sp[-1223/-0.007] Lower uncertainty on Sp (3)Earthstat.error;stat.min;phot.fluxdoubleMs[0.09/1.9] Stellar mass in Sun masses (1)solMassphys.massfloatE_Ms[0/0.42] Upper uncertainty on Ms (1)solMassstat.error;stat.max;phys.massfloate_Ms[-0.4/0] Lower uncertainty on Ms (1)solMassstat.error;stat.min;phys.massfloatSimbadNameSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.idnullable_RAPosition from Simbad (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPosition from Simbad (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.main