J/AJ/168/67ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/168/67doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51680067CDSBrady M.Bean J.L.Seifahrt A.Kasper D.Luque R.Stefansson G.,Sturmer J.Charbonneau D.Collins K.A.Doty J.P.Essack Z.Fukui A.,Grau Horta F.Hedges C.Hellier C.Jenkins J.M.Narita N.Quinn S.N.,Shporer A.Schwarz R.P.Seager S.Stassun K.G.Striegel S.,Watkins C.N.Winn J.N.Zambelli R.2024-11-28T20:14:08Z2024-11-22T13:39:58ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frm-starsvisible-astronomyspectroscopyradial-velocitymultiple-starsexoplanetsM-dwarf stars provide us with an ideal opportunity to study nearby small planets. The HUnting for M Dwarf Rocky planets Using MAROON-X (HUMDRUM) survey uses the MAROON-X spectrograph, which is ideally suited to studying these stars, to measure precise masses of a volume-limited (<30pc) sample of transiting M-dwarf planets. TOI-1450 is a nearby (22.5pc) binary system containing a M3 dwarf with a roughly 3000K companion. Its primary star, TOI-1450A, was identified by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) to have a 2.04d transit signal, and is included in the HUMDRUM sample. In this paper, we present MAROON-X radial velocities (RVs) which confirm the planetary nature of this signal and measure its mass at nearly 10% precision. The 2.04d planet, TOI-1450A b, has Rb=1.13+/-0.04R_{Earth}_ and Mb=1.26+/-0.13M_{Earth}_. It is the second-lowest-mass transiting planet with a high-precision RV mass measurement. With this mass and radius, the planet's mean density is compatible with an Earth-like composition. Given its short orbital period and slightly sub-Earth density, it may be amenable to JWST follow-up to test whether the planet has retained an atmosphere despite extreme heating from the nearby star. We also discover a nontransiting planet in the system with a period of 5.07 days and a Msini_c_=1.53+/-0.18M_{Earth}_. We also find a 2.01 days signal present in the systems's TESS photometry that likely corresponds to the rotation period of TOI-1450A's binary companion, TOI-1450B. TOI-1450A, meanwhile, appears to have a rotation period of approximately 40 days, which is in line with our expectations for a mid-M dwarf.2024AJ....168...67Bhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/168/67CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic servicerelated-toII/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)IV/38 : TESS Input Catalog - v8.0 (TIC-8) (Stassun+, 2019)VII/233 : 2MASS All-Sky Extended Source Catalog (XSC) (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)J/ApJS/197/8 : Kepler's cand. multiple transiting planets (Lissauer+, 2011)J/ApJ/757/112 : Stellar diameters. II. K and M-stars (Boyajian+, 2012)J/AJ/145/102 : Sp. of bright M dwarfs in the northern sky (Lepine+, 2013)J/ApJS/208/9 : Intrinsic colors and temperatures of PMS stars (Pecaut+, 2013)J/ApJ/788/48 : X-ray through NIR photometry of NGC 2617 (Shappee+, 2014)J/ApJ/804/64 : Empirical and model parameters of 183 M dwarfs (Mann+, 2015)J/ApJ/809/77 : Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) (Sullivan+, 2015)J/A+A/588/A103 : 2nd ROSAT all-sky survey (2RXS) source catalog (Boller+, 2016)J/AJ/152/180 : Bol. fluxes of eclipsing binaries in Tycho-2 (Stassun+, 2016)J/AJ/154/109 : California-Kepler Survey (CKS). III. Radii (Fulton+, 2017)J/AJ/153/136 : Planets and their host stars with Gaia plx (Stassun+, 2017)J/AJ/155/180 : A catalog of cool dwarf targets for the TESS (Muirhead+, 2018)J/A+A/615/A6 : Photospheric parameters of CARMENES stars (Passegger+, 2018)J/AJ/155/48 : California-Kepler Survey (CKS). V. Masses (Weiss+, 2018)J/ApJ/871/63 : How to constrain your M dwarf. II. Nearby bin. (Mann+, 2019)J/A+A/624/A49 : Sp. of Earth-like planets around M-dwarfs (Wunderlich+, 2019)J/ApJS/250/20 : Rot. periods in TESS objects of interest (TOIs) (Canto+, 2020)J/A+A/636/L6 : HD 158259 SOPHIE radial velocities (Hara+, 2020)J/AN/341/996 : Stellar companions of (C)TOIs (Mugrauer+, 2020)J/ApJS/254/39 : Exoplanet candidates from TESS first 2yr obs (Guerrero+, 2021)J/ApJ/916/77 : K2 rot. periods for SDSS & Gaia M dwarfs (Popinchalk+, 2021)J/A+A/664/A105 : Stellar content of the ROSAT all-sky survey (Freund+, 2022)J/other/Sci/377.1211 : RV and LC of 8 M dwarf stars with planets (Luque+, 2022)J/A+A/658/A194 : Stellar parameters of 18 M dwarfs (Passegger+, 2022)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/168/67https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/168/67http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/168/67https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/168/67https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/168/67http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/168/67GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapOpticaldefaultJ/AJ/168/67/table2MAROON-X RVs and activity indicatorsRunMAROON-X run (MMMYY)meta.id;obscharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintBTJD[2321.07/3136.03] Barycentric Julian Date; BTJD-2457000dtime.epochdoubleChannelMAROON-X channel ("blue" or "red")instr.setupcharRV[-11.7/9.1] Radial velocitym/sspect.dopplerVeloc;em.optfloate_RV[0.27/2.01] Uncertainty in RVm/sstat.error;spect.dopplerVeloc;em.optfloatCRX[-71/59] Chromatic index spectroscopic activity indicator in m/s/Npspect.indexfloate_CRX[3.2/41.8] Uncertainty in CRX in m/s/Npstat.error;spect.indexfloatHa[0.556/0.689] H{alpha} index spectroscopic activity indicatorspect.index;em.line.Halphadoublee_Ha[0.0013/0.007] Uncertainty in Hastat.error;spect.index;em.line.Halphadouble