J/AJ/168/225ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/168/225doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51680225CDSDong Y.Xu YeHao C.Li Y.Liu D.Sun Y.Lin Z.2025-10-10T20:08:21Z2025-07-04T15:42:10ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frastrometrymolecular-cloudsyoung-stellar-objectsstar-forming-regionsvisible-astronomymillimeter-astronomysubmillimeter-astronomyThe Canis Major (CMa) region is known for its prominent arc-shaped morphology, visible at multiple wavelengths. This study integrates molecular gas data with high-precision astrometric parameters of young stellar objects (YSOs) from Gaia DR3 to provide the first three-dimensional (3D) insights into the dynamical evolution and star formation history of the CMa region. By utilizing the average distances and proper motions of the YSOs as proxies for those of the molecular clouds (MCs), we confirm the presence of a slowly expanding shell-like morphology in the CMa region, with an estimated radius of 47+/-11pc and expansion velocity of 1.6+/-0.7km/s. Further, the dynamical evolution of the shell supports its expansion, with an expansion timescale of ~4.4Myr obtained by the traceback analysis assuming constant velocities. Finally, a momentum estimate suggests that at least two supernova explosions are needed to power the observed expanding shell, reinforcing the previous hypothesis of multiple supernova events. This study effectively combines CO data with the astrometric data of YSOs from Gaia, offering significant support for future studies of the 3D morphology and kinematics of MCs.2024AJ....168..225Dhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/168/225CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toIII/286 : APOGEE-2 DR17 final allStar catalog (Abdurro'uf+, 2022)I/357 : Gaia DR3 Part 3. Non-single stars (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)VII/20 : Catalogue of HII Regions (Sharpless 1959)J/PASJ/56/313 : 13CO survey of Mon & CMa molecular clouds (Kim+, 2004)J/ApJ/759/48 : YSOs in the Galactic HII region Sh2-297 (Mallick+, 2012)J/AJ/145/15 : Photometry of YSOs in BRC 27 and BRC 34 (Rebull+, 2013)J/ApJS/212/1 : The WISE catalog of Galactic HII regions (Anderson+, 2014)J/ApJ/827/96 : WISE census of YSOs in Canis Major (Fischer+, 2016)J/A+A/589/A80 : APOGEE strings (Hacar+, 2016)J/A+A/619/A106 : 3D shape of Orion A from Gaia DR2 (Grossschedl+, 2018)J/A+A/609/A127 : X-ray sources in CMa OB1 (Santos-Silva+, 2018)J/A+A/630/A90 : Halpha emission-line stars in Canis Major (Pettersson+, 2019)J/ApJ/885/131 : ~200 high-mass SFR plx & proper motion with VLBI (Reid+, 2019)J/ApJS/240/26 : YSO candidates in Canis Major OB1 association (Sewilo+, 2019)J/A+A/633/A147 : FQS. Galactic Plane CO survey (Benedettini+, 2020)J/A+A/654/A144 : 13CO (1-0) data molecular cloud catalogue (Benedettini+, 2021)J/A+A/654/A150 : Gas and young stars in CMa OB1 assoc. (Gregorio-Hetem+, 2021)J/ApJS/252/20 : CO survey of the CMa OB1 complex (Lin+, 2021)J/MNRAS/508/1033 : Stars groups in CMa OB 1 with Gaia DR2 (Santos-Silva+, 2021)J/ApJS/268/1 : CO obs. of molecular clouds in 3rd Gal. quadrant (Dong+, 2023)J/A+A/673/A114 : Improving the open cluster census. II. (Hunt+, 2023)J/A+A/674/A21 : KYSO - The Konkoly Optical YSO catalogue (Marton+, 2023)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/168/225https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/168/225http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/168/225https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/168/225https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/168/225http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/168/225GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/168/225/table3 (Gaia DR3 parameters of YSOs)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/168/225/table3?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/168/225/table3?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/168/225/table3?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true106.29572002-11.085605110.0055555555555555565/5409 5411 6/21635 21641 21643 21650 21656 21658 21668 21680https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/168/225?format=asciiOpticalMillimeterdefaultJ/AJ/168/225/table3Gaia DR3 parameters of YSOsrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintGaiaDR3Gaia DR3 source identifiermeta.id;meta.mainGLON[222/227] Galactic longitude (l)degpos.galactic.lonGLAT[-2.8/-0.02] Galactic latitude (b)degpos.galactic.latplx[0.7/1.2] Parallax ({omega})maspos.parallax.trigfloate_plx[0.01/0.4] Uncertainty in plx ({sigma}_{omega}_)masstat.error;pos.parallaxfloatpmRA[-5/-2] Proper motion in right ascension, pmRA*cos (DE) ({mu}_{alpha}*_)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.rafloate_pmRA[0.01/0.4] Uncertainty in pmRA* ({sigma}_{mu}{alpha}*_)mas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.rafloatpmDE[0.05/2.4] Proper motion in declination ({mu}_{delta}_)mas/yrpos.pm;pos.eq.decfloate_pmDE[0.01/0.4] Uncertainty in pmDE ({sigma}_{mu}{delta}_)mas/yrstat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.decfloatPrCatDisplay data from Mallick+, 2012, J/ApJ/759/48, and Rebull+, 2013, J/AJ/145/15, and Fischer+, 2016, J/ApJ/827/96, and Sewilo+, 2019, J/ApJS/240/26, and Gregorio-Hetem+, 2021, J/A+A/654/A150, and Marton+, 2023, J/A+A/674/A21, within 3"meta.ref.urlintnullableSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlchar_RA.icrsRight ascension (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.raindexed_DE.icrsDeclination (ICRS) (computed by VizieR, not part of the original data. The format may include more digits than the original data because of internal accuracy requirements in VizieR and across other CDS services)degpos.eq.decindexed