J/AJ/167/74ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/167/74doi:10.26093/cds/vizier.51670074CDSLittlefield C.Howell S.B.Ciardi D.R.Lester K.V.Everett M.E.,Furlan E.Matson R.A.Fajardo-Acosta S.B.Gnilka C.L.2024-11-06T20:20:45Z2024-05-13T12:17:00ZCDS support team

CDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, 11 rue de l'Universite, F-67000 Strasbourg, France

cds-question@unistra.frexoplanetsinterferometryastrometryThe large number of exoplanets discovered with the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) means that any observational biases from TESS could influence the derived stellar multiplicity statistics of exoplanet host stars. To investigate this problem, we obtained speckle interferometry of 207 control stars whose properties in the TESS Input Catalog (TIC) closely match those of an exoplanetary host star in the TESS Object of Interest (TOI) catalog, with the objective of measuring the fraction of these stars that have companions within ~1.2". Our main result is the identification of a bias in the creation of the control sample that prevents the selection of binaries with 0.1"<~{rho}<~1.2" and {Delta}mag<~3. This bias is the result of large astrometric residuals that cause binaries with these parameters to fail the quality checks used to create the TIC, which in turn causes them to have incomplete stellar parameters (and uncertainties) in the TIC. Any stellar multiplicity study that relies exclusively upon TIC stellar parameters to identify its targets will struggle to select unresolved binaries in this parameter space. Left uncorrected, this selection bias disproportionately excludes high-mass-ratio binaries, causing the mass-ratio distribution of the companions to deviate significantly from the uniform distribution expected of FGK-type field binaries. After accounting for this bias, the companion rate of the FGK control stars is consistent with the canonical 46%{+/-}2% rate from Raghavan et al., and the mass-ratio distribution agrees with that of binary TOI host stars. There is marginal evidence that the control-star companions have smaller projected orbital separations than TOI host stars from previous studies.2024AJ....167...74Lhttps://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/AJ/167/74CatalogResearchIsServedByTAP VizieR generic serviceIsServedByConesearch servicerelated-toIV/38 : TESS Input Catalog - v8.0 (TIC-8) (Stassun+, 2019)J/ApJS/190/1 : A survey of stellar families (Raghavan+, 2010)J/AJ/141/45 : Speckle observations of HIP stars (Horch+, 2011)J/AJ/142/19 : Speckle observations of KOI (Howell+, 2011)J/ApJ/745/19 : Binary systems in Taurus-Auriga (Kraus+, 2012)J/ApJS/208/9 : Intrinsic colors and temperatures of PMS stars (Pecaut+, 2013)J/AJ/152/8 : Impact of star multipl on planetary systems I. (Kraus+, 2016)J/AJ/153/117 : KOIs companions from high-resolution imaging (Hirsch+, 2017)J/AJ/156/102 : TESS Input Catalog and Candidate Target List (Stassun+, 2018)J/AJ/157/211 : Unresolved binarie in TESS with speckle imaging (Matson+, 2019)J/AJ/157/216 : Star multiplicity rate of Mdwarfs within 25 pc (Winters+, 2019)J/AJ/159/19 : SOAR TESS survey. I. (Ziegler+, 2020)J/ApJS/254/39 : Exoplanet candidates from TESS first 2yr obs (Guerrero+, 2021)J/AJ/161/134 : Survey of stellar & planetary comp. within 25pc (Hirsch+, 2021)J/AJ/161/164 : Observation of 186 TESS stars with NESSI (WYIN) (Howell+, 2021)J/AJ/162/75 : Speckle obs TESS exoplanet host stars. II. (Lester+, 2021)https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.htmlhttps://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/167/74https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/167/74http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/AJ/167/74https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/167/74https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/167/74http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/votable?-source=J/AJ/167/74GETtext/xml+votablehttps://tapvizier.cds.unistra.fr/TAPVizieR/tapCone search capability for table J/AJ/167/74/table1 (Properties of detected companions to control stars)https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/167/74/table1?https://vizier.iucaa.in/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/167/74/table1?http://vizieridia.saao.ac.za/viz-bin/conesearch/J/AJ/167/74/table1?GETtext/xml+votable180.050000true324.557938337.44689470.0055555555555555566/12 691 1143 1280 1370 2598 2663 2696 5337-5338 8977 10795 13869 19864 20247 20417 22892 23078 23085 23612 23721 23789 24549 28579 40424 447092.3875548760304856e-19 3.5346039255155346e-19https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/moc/J/AJ/167/74?format=asciidefaultJ/AJ/167/74/table1Properties of detected companions to control starsSimbadSimbad column added by the CDSmeta.ref.urlcharrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTICTESS Input Catalog identifiermeta.id;meta.mainlongprimaryrho-832nm[0.02/2.11] Separation, arcseconds at 832nmarcsecpos.angDistance;src.orbitalfloatdmag-832nm[0.02/10] Magnitude difference at 832nmmagphot.mag;em.opt.I;arith.difffloattheta-832nm[18.9/359] Position Angle, E of N, at 832nmdegpos.posAngfloatrho-562nm[0.04/2.09]? Separation, arcseconds at 562nmarcsecpos.angDistance;src.orbitalfloatnullabledmag-562nm[0.27/4.77]? Magnitude difference at 562nmmagphot.mag;em.opt.V;arith.difffloatnullabletheta-562nm[18.4/355]? Position Angle, E of N, at 562nmdegpos.posAngfloatnullableNcompNumber of comparisons (table2)meta.numberintnullable_RAPosition from SIMBAD (right ascension part)degpos.eq.ra;meta.main_DEPosition from SIMBAD (declination part)degpos.eq.dec;meta.mainJ/AJ/167/74/table2Correspondence between TOIs and control starsTICTESS Input Catalog identifier, control starmeta.id;meta.mainlongrecnoRecord number assigned by the VizieR team. Should Not be used for identification.meta.recordintTOITESS Object of Interest identifiermeta.id.crossintCodeB=Control star Binary (Table 1)meta.codecharDist-c[17.1/1371] Distance, controlpcpos.distancedoublee_Dist-c[0.01/80] Uncertainty in Dist-cpcstat.errorfloatDist-t[17/1387] Distance, TOIpcpos.distancedoublee_Dist-t[0/56] Uncertainty in Dist-tpcstat.errorfloatRadius-c[0.31/4.78] Radius, controlsolRadphys.size.radiusfloate_Radius-c[0.009/0.4] Uncertainty in Radius-csolRadstat.errorfloatRadius-t[0.32/4.02] Radius, TOIsolRadphys.size.radiusfloate_Radius-t[0/0.3] Uncertainty in Radius-tsolRadstat.errorfloatTeff-c[3240/9510] Effective temperature, controlKphys.temperature.effectiveinte_Teff-c[98/590] Uncertainty in Teff-cKstat.errorintTeff-t[3220/9620] Effective temperature, TOIKphys.temperature.effectiveinte_Teff-t[0/6000] Uncertainty in Teff-tKstat.errorint